15 research outputs found
Evidencias de terremotos cuaternarios en una sima hipogénica: La Sima de Benís (Murcia, SE España)
[EN] The interaction between karst hypogenic processes and Late Pleistocene active faulting determines the present topography and shape of the Benís Cave within the Cieza Ranges in the eastern Betic Cordillera (SE Spain). This cave represents the explored deepest cave within the Murcia region, reaching the deepest point at -320 m, and showing "in situ" fossil remains of mammal carnivores (Lynx pardinus spelaeus) as well. In addition, this cave displays evidence of paleoseismic activity from broken speleothems, but also from instrumental earthquakes collapsing the cave ceiling hall at -150 m depth (1999 Mula Event). The geometry and speleogenesis of Benís cave from the Late Pleistocene is a combination of two processes: (1) a shallow hypogenic origin related to upwards movement of confined aquifer located between 0 and 150 m depth, with lots of outlets and megascallops, and (2) a deep fault-cave related to the Benís fault developed between 150 - 320 m depth. This fault is N-S trending with normal kinematics and evidence of Late Pleistocene paleoseismic activity. Related to this, different fossil bones of Lynx pardinus spelaeus, was found in situ, which were dated by amino acid racemization in 65 ± 17.6 ka (OIS 4). The estimated size of the last paleoearthquake was around 6 Mw according to the measured coseismic displacement at depth and the length of the Benís fault trace at surface. The combination of the two processes (hypogenic confined aquifer and a seismogenic faulting), controlled the development, geometry and speleogenesis of the Benís Cave during at least the last 250 ka.[ES] La interacción entre una cueva hipogénica y la actividad de una falla cuaternaria es la principal responsable de la génesis de la cueva más profunda de la Región de Murcia y una de las mayores cavidades hipogénicas del sur de la península. La Sima de Benís presenta una amplia y única variedad de espeleotemas y de estructuras de disolución que se encuentran afectadas por deformaciones sísmicas producidas tanto por paleoterremotos durante el Pleistoceno Superior, como por terremotos instrumentales (Mw 4,8; VI EMS-98, 1999; Mula). Además, dentro de las zonas más profundas de la cueva aparecen restos fósiles “in situ” de macromamíferos (Lynx pardinus spelaeus), los cuales hemos relacionado con la actividad sísmica en el interior de la caverna. En cuanto a su topografía, esta cavidad presenta dos sectores bien diferenciados: (1) un primer sector de 150-160 m de desarrollo vertical con pozos de origen hipogénico con desarrollo de golpes de gubia y conductos de disolución ascendentes (con “outlets” y “megascallops”) y (2) un segundo sector entre los 150 - 160 m y los 320 m de profundidad, el cual se desarrolla sobre un plano de falla normal de dirección N-S (Falla de Benís). Este segundo sector de la sima es el que presenta evidencias paleosísmicas cuaternarias, dividiéndose a su vez en dos zonas en relación a la dinámica kárstica dominante: (2.a) una zona vadosa dominada por estructuras hipogénicas (donde aparecen folias y corales), junto con marcas cinemáticas de movimiento de la falla (estrías con recristalizaciones y concreciones carbonatadas) y (2.b) una zona freática profunda controlada por la precipitación de nubes de calcita bajo lámina de agua y de tamaño métrico que se desarrolla hasta
los - 320 m de profundidad. En cuanto a la parte hipogénica superior de la sima, se desarrolla a favor de una fractura con relleno de calcita y de orientación E-W sobre carbonatos del Cretácico superior y el Paleoceno, con un espesor centimétrico y evidencias de relleno posterior y circulación de fluidos. La potencial actividad paleosísmica ha podido ser datada en 65 ± 17,6 ka (OIS 4) mediante el análisis de racemización de aminoácidos de los colmillos de un lince de las cavernas, el cual pudo ser afectado por un terremoto. Por último, se ha
estimado el tamaño del último sismo relacionado con la actividad de la falla a partir de relaciones empíricas, con un valor de Mw oscilando entre 5,5 y 6. Para ello se ha estimado la longitud en superficie de la traza de falla que controla la cueva en profundidad y se ha comparado con el último salto cosísmico observable en el interior de la sima. Estimaciones del salto de falla acumulado y la datación del último paleoterremoto, sugieren que parte de la evolución hipogénica con paleoterremotos de esta cavidad de forma conjunta se produjo al menos, desde hace 250 ka (OIS 7)
Genome-wide association analysis of dementia and its clinical endophenotypes reveal novel loci associated with Alzheimer's disease and three causality networks : The GR@ACE project
Introduction: Large variability among Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases might impact genetic discoveries and complicate dissection of underlying biological pathways. Methods: Genome Research at Fundacio ACE (GR@ACE) is a genome-wide study of dementia and its clinical endophenotypes, defined based on AD's clinical certainty and vascular burden. We assessed the impact of known AD loci across endophenotypes to generate loci categories. We incorporated gene coexpression data and conducted pathway analysis per category. Finally, to evaluate the effect of heterogeneity in genetic studies, GR@ACE series were meta-analyzed with additional genome-wide association study data sets. Results: We classified known AD loci into three categories, which might reflect the disease clinical heterogeneity. Vascular processes were only detected as a causal mechanism in probable AD. The meta-analysis strategy revealed the ANKRD31-rs4704171 and NDUFAF6-rs10098778 and confirmed SCIMP-rs7225151 and CD33-rs3865444. Discussion: The regulation of vasculature is a prominent causal component of probable AD. GR@ACE meta-analysis revealed novel AD genetic signals, strongly driven by the presence of clinical heterogeneity in the AD series
New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele
Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes
Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased Aβ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues
EVALUCA Project for the Promotion of the Evaluation of University Quality Systems
El Proyecto Evaluca (Evaluación de la Calidad) tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de herramientas que contribuyan al Fomento de la participacion de la Comunidad Universitaria (PDI, PAS, Estudiantes y Egresados) en la evaluación de la calidad.The Evaluca Project (Quality Evaluation) aims to develop tools that contribute to the promotion of the participation of the University Community (PDI, PAS, Students and Graduates) in the evaluation of quality.Depto. de MedicinaFac. de MedicinaFALSEsubmitte
Investigación educativa en las aulas de primaria
Reúne trabajos derivados de la experiencias de diversos docentes en educación primaria en los siguientes temas: Tecnología de Información y Comunicación, educación inclusiva, enseñanza de la música, educación física, enseñanza de la historia, acoso escolar, auto-evaluación, métodos de enseñanza, inteligencia emocional, percepción del alumno, marco cognitivo en comprensión lectora y comunicación escuela-familia
Juntas / Juntes
Multitud d'autores i autors aporten píndoles de microliteratura, de gèneres diversos, al tercer volum amb què l'Institut Universitari d'Estudis Feministes i de Gènere Purificación Escribano vol respondre al desafiament per l'eradicació de la violència contra les dones.Tercer desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d'Estudis Feministes i de Gènere Purificación Escribano de la Universitat Jaume I a través de microliteratura
Long-term effect of a practice-based intervention (HAPPY AUDIT) aimed at reducing antibiotic prescribing in patients with respiratory tract infections
Common variants in Alzheimer’s disease and risk stratification by polygenic risk scores
Genetic discoveries of Alzheimer’s disease are the drivers of our understanding, and together with polygenetic risk stratification can contribute towards planning of feasible and efficient preventive and curative clinical trials. We first perform a large genetic association study by merging all available case-control datasets and by-proxy study results (discovery n = 409,435 and validation size n = 58,190). Here, we add six variants associated with Alzheimer’s disease risk (near APP, CHRNE, PRKD3/NDUFAF7, PLCG2 and two exonic variants in the SHARPIN gene). Assessment of the polygenic risk score and stratifying by APOE reveal a 4 to 5.5 years difference in median age at onset of Alzheimer’s disease patients in APOE ɛ4 carriers. Because of this study, the underlying mechanisms of APP can be studied to refine the amyloid cascade and the polygenic risk score provides a tool to select individuals at high risk of Alzheimer’s disease