Physical Training Status Determines Oxidative Stress and Redox Changes in Response to an Acute Aerobic Exercise

Objective. To assess the influence of different physical training status on exercise-induced oxidative stress and changes in cellular redox state. Methods. Thirty male subjects participated in this study and were assigned as well-trained (WT), moderately trained (MT), and untrained (UT) groups. The levels of cortisol, creatine kinase, plasma reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), cysteine/cystine (Cys/CySS), and GSH/GSSG ratio in red blood cells (RBCs) were measured immediately and 10 and 30 min after exercise. Results. Following the exercise, plasma GSH/GSSG (p=0.001) and Cys/CySS (p=0.005) were significantly reduced in all groups. Reduction in plasma GSH/GSSG ratio in all groups induced a transient shift in redox balance towards a more oxidizing environment without difference between groups (p=0.860), while RBCs GSH/GSSG showed significant reduction (p=0.003) and elevation (p=0.007) in UT and MT groups, respectively. The highest level of RBCs GSH/GSSG ratio was recorded in MT group, and the lowest one was recorded in the WT group. Conclusion. Long term regular exercise training with moderate intensity shifts redox balance towards more reducing environment, versus intensive exercise training leads to more oxidizing environment and consequently development of related diseases

Chemical composition and bio-pesticidal values of essential oil isolated from the seed of Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fischer (Apiaceae)

<p>The present investigation was aimed to analyse the chemical composition of essential oil isolated from <em>Heracleum persicum </em>Desf. ex Fischer and assess its lethal and sub-lethal effects against <em>Tribolium</em> <em>castaneum</em> (Herbst). Essential oil from hydro-distilled seeds of <em>H. persicum</em> was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and hexyl butyrate (50.58%), octyl acetate (9.80%) and hexyl hexanoate (8.75%) were found as principal constituents. Repellent activity, contact and fumigant toxicity and antifeedant effects of this oil were assessed against the adults of <em>T.</em> <em>castaneum</em>. The essential oil strongly repelled <em>T. castaneum </em>adults even at the lowest concentration (0.035 μL cm^-2). Complete repellency (100%) occurred when the highest concentration (0.212 μL cm^-2) was applied for 8 h. <em>T. castaneum</em> was very susceptible to <em>H. persicum</em> oil at both contact and fumigant bioassays. In the fumigant toxicity, essential oil killed the larvae, pupae and adults and significantly decreased larvae emerged from treated eggs. LC₁₀ to LC₄₀ values of fumigation adult’s bioassay as sub-lethal concentrations were used to evaluate the antifeedant effects. <em>H. persicum</em> essential oil has significant antifeedant effects on <em>T. castaneum</em> adults and decrease of feeding happened when oil concentrations increased. The results of the present study indicate that essential oil of <em>H</em><em>.</em><em> persicum</em>, with wide bio-effects on <em>T</em><em>.</em><em> castaneum</em>, is a source of biologically active agents which may potentially prove to be efficient insecticides.</p

Chemical composition and bio-pesticidal values of essential oil isolated from the seed of Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fischer (Apiaceae)

The present investigation was aimed to analyse the chemical composition of essential oil isolated from Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fischer and assess its lethal and sub-lethal effects against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Essential oil from hydro-distilled seeds of H. persicum was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and hexyl butyrate (50.58%), octyl acetate (9.80%) and hexyl hexanoate (8.75%) were found as principal constituents. Repellent activity, contact and fumigant toxicity and antifeedant effects of this oil were assessed against the adults of T. castaneum. The essential oil strongly repelled T. castaneum adults even at the lowest concentration (0.035 ìL cm�2). Complete repellency (100%) occurred when the highest concentration (0.212 ìL cm�2) was applied for 8 h. T. castaneum was very susceptible to H. persicum oil at both contact and fumigant bioassays. In the fumigant toxicity, essential oil killed the larvae, pupae and adults and significantly decreased larvae emerged from treated eggs. LC10 to LC40 values of fumigation adult�s bioassay as sub-lethal concentrations were used to evaluate the antifeedant effects. H. persicum essential oil has significant antifeedant effects on T. castaneum adults and decrease of feeding happened when oil concentrations increased. The results of the present study indicate that essential oil of H. persicum, with wide bio-effects on T. castaneum, is a source of biologically active agents which may potentially prove to be efficient insecticides

Chemical composition and bio-pesticidal values of essential oil isolated from the seed of Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fischer (Apiaceae)

<p>The present investigation was aimed to analyse the chemical composition of essential oil isolated from <em>Heracleum persicum </em>Desf. ex Fischer and assess its lethal and sub-lethal effects against <em>Tribolium</em> <em>castaneum</em> (Herbst). Essential oil from hydro-distilled seeds of <em>H. persicum</em> was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and hexyl butyrate (50.58%), octyl acetate (9.80%) and hexyl hexanoate (8.75%) were found as principal constituents. Repellent activity, contact and fumigant toxicity and antifeedant effects of this oil were assessed against the adults of <em>T.</em> <em>castaneum</em>. The essential oil strongly repelled <em>T. castaneum </em>adults even at the lowest concentration (0.035 μL cm^-2). Complete repellency (100%) occurred when the highest concentration (0.212 μL cm^-2) was applied for 8 h. <em>T. castaneum</em> was very susceptible to <em>H. persicum</em> oil at both contact and fumigant bioassays. In the fumigant toxicity, essential oil killed the larvae, pupae and adults and significantly decreased larvae emerged from treated eggs. LC₁₀ to LC₄₀ values of fumigation adult’s bioassay as sub-lethal concentrations were used to evaluate the antifeedant effects. <em>H. persicum</em> essential oil has significant antifeedant effects on <em>T. castaneum</em> adults and decrease of feeding happened when oil concentrations increased. The results of the present study indicate that essential oil of <em>H</em><em>.</em><em> persicum</em>, with wide bio-effects on <em>T</em><em>.</em><em> castaneum</em>, is a source of biologically active agents which may potentially prove to be efficient insecticides.</p