Degradation of Textile Dye Reactive Navy – Blue Rx (Reactive blue–59) by an Isolated Actinomycete Streptomyces krainskii SUK – 5

The isolated Actinomycete, Streptomyces krainskii, SUK -5 was found to decolorize and degrade textile dye Reactive blue–59.This azo dye was decolorized and degraded completely by Streptomyces krainskii SUK–5 at 24 h in shaking condition in the nutrient medium at pH 8. Induction in the activity of Lignin Peroxidase,and NADH-DCIP Reductase and MR reductase represents their role in degradation .The biodegradation was monitored by TLC, UV vis spectroscopy, FTIR. and GCMS analysis. Microbial and phytotoxicity studies of the product were carried out

Secondary electron yield of emissive materials for large-area micro-channel plate detectors: surface composition and film thickness dependencies

The ongoing development of Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) enables the use of relatively inexpensive and robust borosilicate micro-channel substrates for use as Micro-Channel Plates (MCPs). The surfaces of the channels in these glass plates are functionalized to control the conductivity as well as the Secondary Electron Yield (SEY). The extensive SEY data found in literature show significant variation for a given material depending on the apparatus, the measurement procedure, and the sample preparation and handling. We present systematic studies on the effects of film thickness and surface chemical composition on SEY. We have modified an existing ultra-high vacuum apparatus containing X-ray and Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectrometers (XPS and UPS, respectively) by adding a modified Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED) module for SEY measurements. With these tools, we have characterized the secondary electron emissive properties for MgO, Al2O3, and multilayered MgO/TiO2 structures to serve as electron emissive layers in the channels of the MCPs

Morphological features of human mandible

Abstract: Next to pelvis, the skull is the most easily sexable portion of the skeleton. As a component of the skull, mandible shares its own characteristics, but its indices for sex determination are neither as abundant as those of the skull. Mandible is the strongest and largest bone of the skull. It shows various morphological features which may shows changes with references to age, sex and race. The present study was undertaken to obtain the information on variation of lingua and coronoid process, distribution of genial tubercles and presence or absence of median pit. The material for this study comprised of a collection of 84 (168 sides) dry adult human mandibles obtained from Bone bank available in the department of Anatomy, Goverenment medical college, Aurangabad. Triangular shaped lingulae were found in 80 (47.67%) sides, truncated in 18 (10.71%) sides, nodular in 47 (27.97%) and assimilated in 23(13.69%) sides. Triangular lingulae were found bilaterally in 32, truncated in 4, nodular in 19 and assimilated in 8 mandibles. Triangular coronoid process was found more in male bones (62 sides). Pattern of Type II genial tubercle (41 mandibles) was found to be most prevalent. In Summary types of lingula and coronoid process can be used for sexing of mandible

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and thiazolidinediones in diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is global problem with several drugs into trial without much success the current article highlights the role of thiazolidinedione’s in diabetic nephropathy by scrutinizing and reconnoitring the cellular and intracellular mechanism and shielding action and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma receptors (PPARγ) receptors. Not only anti-diabetic action but renal protective effect with evidence based study has been highlighted. PPAR γ-is versatile target having numerous benefits and mainly preventing fibrosis in diabetic experimental model and some clinical case report yet, the benefits are not up to mark, since renal failure itself causes volume expansion and the thiazolidinedione’s (TZDs) also preserve salt and water and lead to congestive heart failure which constraints its clinical application. Dual activators and balaglitazone selective PPAR modulator are having upcoming potential for treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Further detail investigation on such drug is needed to explore. However adverse effect like heart failure, osteoporosis and volume expansion effect over-rides the beneficial effect thus limiting its clinical use of currently available TZDs

Armodafinil versus Modafinil in Patients of Excessive Sleepiness Associated with Shift Work Sleep Disorder: A Randomized Double Blind Multicentric Clinical Trial

Aim. To compare the efficacy and safety of armodafinil, the R-enantiomer of modafinil, with modafinil in patients of shift work sleep disorder (SWSD). Material and Methods. This was a 12-week, randomized, comparative, double-blind, multicentric, parallel-group study in 211 patients of SWSD, receiving armodafinil (150 mg) or modafinil (200 mg) one hour prior to the night shift. Outcome Measures. Efficacy was assessed by change in stanford sleepiness score (SSS) by at least 2 grades (responder) and global assessment for efficacy. Safety was assessed by incidence of adverse events, change in laboratory parameters, ECG, and global assessment of tolerability. Results. Both modafinil and armodafinil significantly improved sleepiness mean grades as compared to baseline (P < .0001). Responder rates with armodafinil (72.12%) and modafinil (74.29%) were comparable (P = .76). Adverse event incidences were comparable. Conclusion. Armodafinil was found to be safe and effective in the treatment of SWSD in Indian patients. The study did not demonstrate any difference in efficacy and safety of armodafinil 150 mg and modafinil 200 mg

Low-temperature ionic layer adsorption and reaction grown anatase TiO 2 nanocrystalline films for efficient perovskite solar cell and gas sensor applications

A low-temperature (90 °C) and directly grown anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocrystalline film using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) for perovskite solar cell and gas sensor applications. TiO2 nanocrystalline electron transfer layer (ETL) improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells due to faster charge transport kinetics as well as slower charge recombination process. The optimized TiO2 nanocrystalline ETL (15 L) demonstrates as high as ~10% PCE with a short circuit current density of 18.0 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage of 0.81 V and fill factor of 66.3% in perovskite solar cells. Furthermore, room-temperature ammonia sensing characteristics of TiO2 nanocrystalline film (25 L) were  demonstrated for various concentration levels of ammonia in dry air conditions. A high room-temperature response of 80% was achieved at 100 ppm of ammonia with rapid response and recovery signatures of 30 and 85 s, and nearly fifteen days stability, respectively. The response of the sensor to other gases such as formaldehyde, petrol, ethanol acetone, and ammonia etc, indicated a high selectivity towards volatile organic compounds of ammonia gas. The room temperature operation, with high selectivity, repeatability and fast transition times, suggests potentially useful in flexible and cost-effective production in optoelectrochemical device technology

Gold sensitized sprayed SnO2 nanostructured film for enhanced LPG sensing

We report LPG sensing of gold (Au)-sensitized SnO2 nanostructured film fabricated by an easy spray pyrolysis deposition method whose surface morphology is confirmed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images and structure by X-ray diffraction pattern. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer analysis has carried out for finding elemental composition. The SnO2 film is uniform and consists of spherical particles of ∼10nm. The highest gas response observed at 780ppm LPG concentration for pristine SnO2 is 28%, at operating temperature 623K, which is greatly improved on Au sensitization up to 57% with 60s rapid response time at 598K operating temperature. The high gas response is due to electronic effect and catalytic spill-over effect of Au sensitization. The improved sensing mechanism has throughly been explored

Penning-trap Q-value determination of the Ga-71(v, e(-))Ge-71 reaction using threshold charge breeding of on-line produced isotopes

<p>We present a first direct Q-value measurement of the Ga-71(v, e(-))Ge-71 reaction using the TITAN mass-measurement facility at ISAC/TRIUMF. The measurements were performed in a Penning trap on neon-like Ga-71(21+) and Ge-71(22+) using isobar separation of the on-line produced mother and daughter nuclei through threshold charge breeding in an electron-beam ion trap. In addition, isoionic samples of Ga-71(21+) and Ge-71(21+) were stored concurrently in the Penning trap and provided a separate Q-value measurement. Both independent measurements result in a combined Q-value of 233.5 +/- 1.2 keV, which is in agreement with the previously accepted Q-value for the v cross-section calculations. Together with a recent measurement of the v-response from the excited states in Ge-71, we conclude that there are no further uncertainties in the nuclear structure, which could remove the persistent discrepancy between the SAGE and GALLEX calibration measurements performed with neutrinos from reactor-produced Cr-51 and Ar-37 sources and the theoretical expectation. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>