Evaluation of host-derived volatiles for trapping Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopognidae) cause pain and distress through blood feeding, and transmit viruses that threaten both animal and human health worldwide. There are few effective tools for monitoring and control of biting midges, with semiochemical-based strategies offering the advantage of targeting host-seeking populations. In previous studies, we identified the host preference of multiple Culicoides species, including Culicoides impunctatus, as well as cattle-derived compounds that modulate the behavioral responses of C. nubeculosus under laboratory conditions. Here, we test the efficacy of these compounds, when released at different rates, in attracting C. impunctatus under field conditions in Southern Sweden. Traps releasing 1-octen-3-ol, decanal, phenol, 4-methylphenol or 3-propylphenol, when combined with carbon dioxide (CO2), captured significantly higher numbers of C. impunctatus compared to control traps baited with CO2 alone, with low release rates (0.1 mg h−1, 1 mg h−1) being generally more attractive. In contrast, traps releasing octanal or (E)-2-nonenal at 1 mg h−1 and 10 mg h−1 collected significantly lower numbers of C. impunctatus than control traps baited with CO2 only. Nonanal and 2-ethylhexanol did not affect the attraction of C. impunctatus when compared to CO2 alone at any of the release rates tested. The potential use of these semiochemicals as attractants and repellents for biting midge control is discussed

African horse sickness: The potential for an outbreak in disease-free regions and current disease control and elimination techniques

African horse sickness (AHS) is an arboviral disease of equids transmitted by Culicoides biting midges. The virus is endemic in parts of sub-Saharan Africa and official AHS disease-free status can be obtained from the World Organization for Animal Health on fulfilment of a number of criteria. AHS is associated with case fatality rates of up to 95%, making an outbreak among naïve horses both a welfare and economic disaster. The worldwide distributions of similar vector-borne diseases (particularly bluetongue disease of ruminants) are changing rapidly, probably due to a combination of globalisation and climate change. There is extensive evidence that the requisite conditions for an AHS epizootic currently exist in disease-free countries. In particular, although the stringent regulations enforced upon competition horses make them extremely unlikely to redistribute the virus, there are great concerns over the effects of illegal equid movement. An outbreak of AHS in a disease free region would have catastrophic effects on equine welfare and industry, particularly for international events such as the Olympic Games. While many regions have contingency plans in place to manage an outbreak of AHS, further research is urgently required if the equine industry is to avoid or effectively contain an AHS epizootic in disease-free regions. This review describes the key aspects of AHS as a global issue and discusses the evidence supporting concerns that an epizootic may occur in AHS free countries, the planned government responses, and the roles and responsibilities of equine veterinarians.Matthew Robin's clinical training scholarship was funded by the Horserace Betting Levy Board.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1001/(ISSN)2042-33062017-09-30hb2017Companion Animal Clinical Studie

DF5034 Children and Young People’s Rights: Provision, Protection and Participation

This pack contains a PDF and MS Word version of the Tutor’s Support Pack for this unit. This unit is designed to enable students to understand the relevant legislation, policies and theories related to Children and Young People’s Rights in Scotland. They will look at how legislation influences practice and reflect on their role in ensuring the promotion of children’s and young people’s rights. They will examine the term participation in relation to rights and consider specifically their role in children’s protection. On completion of the Unit they should be able to: • analyse the values and principles that inform the promotion of children and young people’s rights • demonstrate an understanding of theories regarding encouraging and facilitating children’s participation • examine the role of the early years and childcare worker in supporting and protecting children and young people.

Magnesiumsubstitution bei Langstreckenlaeufern und ihr Einfluss auf das koerperliche, kardio-respiratorische und metabolische Leistungsvermoegen

SIGLEAvailable from: Giessen Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Universitaetsbibliothek / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Methoden der Geschäftsprozessmodellierung und deren Eignung zur Visualisierung von logistischen Prozessen. Aufgezeigt an Beispielen aus der Praxis

Diese Masterarbeit bewertet Methoden der Geschäftsprozessmodellierung im Hinblick auf deren Eignung zur Visualisierung von logistischen Prozessen. Dafür werden die Methoden Ereignisgesteuerte Prozesskette (EKP), Business Process and Model Nota-tion (BPMN) und Unified Modeling Language (UML) vorgestellt, erläutert und mit-einander verglichen. Im Vorfeld werden diese Methoden durch einen für kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen geeigneten Anforderungsrahmen identifiziert. Um die Modellierungsmethoden bewerten zu können, wird eine qualitative Quer-schnittsanalyse von Lagerprozessen in mittelständischen Unternehmen vorgenommen. Anhand der gewonnen Erkenntnisse aus der Praxis werden geeignete Bewertungskri-terien abgeleitet und die Methoden sowohl allgemein, als auch für spezifische Anfor-derungen bewertet und deren Eignung zur Visualisierung logistischer Prozesse einge-schätzt