1,880 research outputs found
Properties of a radiation-induced charge multiplication region in epitaxial silicon diodes
Charge multiplication (CM) in pn epitaxial silicon pad diodes of 75, 100
and 150 \upmum thickness at high voltages after proton irradiation with 1 MeV
neutron equivalent fluences in the order of cm was studied as
an option to overcome the strong trapping of charge carriers in the innermost
tracking region of future Super-LHC detectors. Charge collection efficiency
(CCE) measurements using the Transient Current Technique (TCT) with radiation
of different penetration (670, 830, 1060 nm laser light and -particles
with optional absorbers) were used to locate the CM region close to the
p-implantation. The dependence of CM on material, thickness of the
epitaxial layer, annealing and temperature was studied. The collected charge in
the CM regime was found to be proportional to the deposited charge, uniform
over the diode area and stable over a period of several days. Randomly
occurring micro discharges at high voltages turned out to be the largest
challenge for operation of the diodes in the CM regime. Although at high
voltages an increase of the TCT baseline noise was observed, the
signal-to-noise ratio was found to improve due to CM for laser light. Possible
effects on the charge spectra measured with laser light due to statistical
fluctuations in the CM process were not observed. In contrast, the relative
width of the spectra increased in the case of -particles, probably due
to varying charge deposited in the CM region.Comment: 11 pages, accepted by NIM
FLOTATION KINETICS OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE SEDIMENTED FROM SEA WATER
Synthetic sea water has been taken as a referential sample, in which Mg(OH)2 had been sedimented, in order to reduce biological effects and confirm reproducibility of results of the familiar composition sample. The synthetic sea water was prepared according to the scientifically developed procedure. Flotation experiments were performed in the apparatus for flotation under pressure and recoveries of floated Mg(OH)2 were determined depending on the time of flotation. The results obtained on the referential sample of the synthetic water were also tested on the sample of natural sea water and presented comparatively during work. Flotation kinetics is in most cases described by an equation of the first or second degree. However, it was established that flotation kinetics of Mg(OH)2 as chemical sediment with both types of prepared magnesium hydroxide suspension, sedimented in both the synthetic and natural sea water corresponded to the velocity of reaction n = 1.5 degree, which fully corresponds to Horst Morrisās theoretical postulates in the theory of flotation kinetics
FLOTATION KINETICS OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE SEDIMENTED FROM SEA WATER
Synthetic sea water has been taken as a referential sample, in which Mg(OH)2 had been sedimented, in order to reduce biological effects and confirm reproducibility of results of the familiar composition sample. The synthetic sea water was prepared according to the scientifically developed procedure. Flotation experiments were performed in the apparatus for flotation under pressure and recoveries of floated Mg(OH)2 were determined depending on the time of flotation. The results obtained on the referential sample of the synthetic water were also tested on the sample of natural sea water and presented comparatively during work. Flotation kinetics is in most cases described by an equation of the first or second degree. However, it was established that flotation kinetics of Mg(OH)2 as chemical sediment with both types of prepared magnesium hydroxide suspension, sedimented in both the synthetic and natural sea water corresponded to the velocity of reaction n = 1.5 degree, which fully corresponds to Horst Morrisās theoretical postulates in the theory of flotation kinetics
Application of 4-Chlorobutyryl Group as Amino Protective Group in the Synthesis of 7-(D-2-Amino-2-phenylacetamido)-3-methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic Acid (Cephalexin)
4-Chlorobutyryl group was used as amino protective group
for n(-)-alpha-phenylglycine (I). N-Hydroxysuccinimide ester III
was prepared in high yield but partly racemic. Reaction of III
or IV with V afforded epimeric mixtures of N,0-protected cephalexins
(VI), which can be separated by crystallisation. The 4-chlorobutyryl
group in VII was removed under very mild conditions
giving cephalexin (IX) in good yield and purity
Plesni i mikotoksini u uskladiŔtenom kukuruzu
In this study the presence of moulds and mycotoxins in samples of stored maize grains in the period from October 2011 to September 2012 was investigated. Mycological analyses of whole and broken grains showed the presence of species from the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus and others. Among the Aspergillus and Fusarium genera as potentially toxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus was identified with the highest percentage on broken grains (20.38%) whereas F. verticilioides was the predominant species in the whole maize grains (34.04%). In addition, it was obtained that tested samples of stored maize grains were 100% positive with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) with an average concentration of 1.39 Ī¼g kg-1, 71.79 Ī¼g kg-1, 128.17 Ī¼g kg-1, and 1610.83 Ī¼g kg-1, respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between the moisture content and the presence of Fusarium spp. on the broken grains (r = 0.44) and between the moisture content and the concentration of DON (r = 0.61). However, a significant negative correlation was found between moisture content and FB1 (r = -0.34), and between the concentration of ZON and DON mycotoxins (r = -0.58).U radu je ispitivano prisustvo plesni i mikotoksina u uzorcima zrna uskladiÅ”tenog kukuruza u periodu od oktobra 2011. do septembra 2012. godine. MikoloÅ”kim analizama celog i slomljenog zrna kukuruza ustanovljeno je prisustvo vrsta iz rodova Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus i drugih. Od potencijalno toksigenih vrsta iz rodova Aspergillus i Fusarium, identifikovane su u najveÄem procentu A. flavus na slomljenom (20,38%) i F. verticillioides na celom zrnu kukuruza (34,04%). Ispitivani uzorci uskladiÅ”tenog kukuruza bili su 100% pozitivni sa aflatoksinom B1 (AFB1), zearalenonom (ZON), deoksinivalenolom (DON) i fumonizinom B1 (FB1) sa proseÄnim koncentracijama 1,39 Ī¼g kg-1, 71,79 Ī¼g kg-1, 128,17 Ī¼g kg-1 i 1610,83 Ī¼g kg-1, respektivno. StatistiÄki znaÄajna pozitivna korelacija ustanovljena je izmeÄu sadržaja vlage i prisustva Fusarium spp. na slomljenom zrnu kukuruza (r = 0,44), kao i izmeÄu sadržaja vlage i koncentracije DON (r = 0,61). StatistiÄki znaÄajna negativna korelacija ustanovljena je izmeÄu sadržaja vlage i FB1 (r = -0,34), kao i izmeÄu koncentracija ZON i DON mikotoksina (r = -0,58)
Gain and time resolution of 45 m thin Low Gain Avalanche Detectors before and after irradiation up to a fluence of n/cm
Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are silicon sensors with a built-in
charge multiplication layer providing a gain of typically 10 to 50. Due to the
combination of high signal-to-noise ratio and short rise time, thin LGADs
provide good time resolutions.
LGADs with an active thickness of about 45 m were produced at CNM
Barcelona. Their gains and time resolutions were studied in beam tests for two
different multiplication layer implantation doses, as well as before and after
irradiation with neutrons up to n/cm.
The gain showed the expected decrease at a fixed voltage for a lower initial
implantation dose, as well as for a higher fluence due to effective acceptor
removal in the multiplication layer. Time resolutions below 30 ps were obtained
at the highest applied voltages for both implantation doses before irradiation.
Also after an intermediate fluence of n/cm, similar
values were measured since a higher applicable reverse bias voltage could
recover most of the pre-irradiation gain. At n/cm, the
time resolution at the maximum applicable voltage of 620 V during the beam test
was measured to be 57 ps since the voltage stability was not good enough to
compensate for the gain layer loss. The time resolutions were found to follow
approximately a universal function of gain for all implantation doses and
fluences.Comment: 17 page
Supplementary data for the article: VitoroviÄ-TodoroviÄ, M. D.; Koukoulitsa, C.; JuraniÄ, I. O.; MandiÄ, L. M.; DrakuliÄ, B. J. Structural Modifications of 4-Aryl-4-Oxo-2-Aminylbutanamides and Their Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity. Investigation of AChE-Ligand Interactions by Docking Calculations and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2014, 81, 158ā175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.008
Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.008]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1808]Related to accepted version:[http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2907
Natural radionuclides in soil profiles surrounding the largest coal-fired power plant in Serbia
This study evaluates the influence of the largest Serbian coal-fired power plant on radionuclide concentrations in soil profiles up to 50 cm in depth. Thirty soil profiles were sampled from the plant surroundings (up to 10 km distance) and analyzed using standard methods for soil physicochemical properties and gamma ray spectrometry for specific activities of natural radionuclides (K-40, Ra-226 and Th-232) Spatial and vertical distribution of radionuclides was determined and analyzed to show the relations between the specific activities in the soil and soil properties and the most influential factors of natural radionuclide variability were identified. The radiological indices for surface soil were calculated and radiological risk assessment was performed. The measured specific activities were similar to values of BACKGROUND: levels for Serbia. The sampling depth did not show any significant influence on specific activities of natural radionuclides. The strongest predictor of specific activities of the investigated radionuclides was soil granulometry. All parameters of radiological risk assessment were below the recommended values and adopted limits. It appears that the coal-fired power plant does not have a significant impact on the spatial and vertical distribution of natural radionuclides in the area of interest, but technologically enhanced natural radioactivity as a consequence of the plant operations was identified within the first 1.5 km from the power plant
Supplementary data for article: Tripkovic, T.; Charvy, C.; Alves, S.; LoliÄ, A.; BaoÅ”iÄ, R.; NikoliÄ-MandiÄ, S. D.; Tabet, J. C. Identification of Protein Binders in Artworks by MALDI-TOF/TOF Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Talanta 2013, 113, 49ā61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2013.03.071
Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2013.03.071]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1366
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