Bioprocessing of Crop Residues using Fibrolytic Enzymes and Flavobacterium bolustinum for Enriching Animal Feed

Flavobacterium bolustinum and its extracellular cellulase were tested for animal feed pretreatment. The fibrolytic enzymes, cellulase and pectinase were applied to various crop residues such as wheat straw, rice straw, corn seeds and sorghum for enriching animal feed. Different parameters like temperature, incubation time and enzyme dose had been optimized for maximum reducing sugar and protein release. The highest amount of reducing sugar obtained was 29.83 mg g-1 dry substrate and soluble protein was 27.34 mg g-1 dry substrate on single cellulase enzyme treatment at 50°C for 6 h. An increase in amount of released reducing sugar (39.5 mg g-1 dry substrate) and protein (33.88 mg g-1 dry substrate) was observed when enzyme cocktail (cellulose and pectinase) was used. Solid state fermentation using F. bolustinum had also been performed for all crop residues. It released higher amount of reducing sugar (41.36 mg g-1) and protein (47.21 mg g-1) as compared to enzymatic treatment. Different substrates resulted in appreciable weight loss by enzymatic treatment (15-35%) as well as fermentation using F. bolustinum (40%). Liquefaction of lignocellulosic rich crop residues, for better utilization of feed has never been reported earlier

Identification of QTL conferring Karnal bunt resistance in bread wheat

34-38<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-GB">Karnal bunt (KB) caused by Tilletia indica is an important disease of wheat (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Triticum aestivum L.) with implications for wheat quality and trade. Identification of PCR-based markers linked to KB resistance offers prospect of using marker-assisted selection schemes in developing resistant wheat cultivars. Therefore, a set of 75 wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between susceptible (WH542) and resistant (ALDAN) genotypes to Karnal bunt were screened for 2 yr with the pathogen populations prevalent in northern India. Parental genotypes were screened with 330 SSR markers, of which 16% showed polymorphism. Analysis of variance revealed significant (p 0.001) differences of the disease severity among RILs (G), yr (E) and G×E interaction over the 2 yr. The present study detected one consistent QTL (Qkb.dwr-5BL.1) across 2 yr, which was mapped in the interval <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Xwmc235 and Xbarc140 on chromosome 5B accounting up to 18% of phenotypic variance.</span

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 December 2012-31 January 2013.

4 pagesInternational audienceThis article documents the addition of 268 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alburnoides bipunctatus, Chamaerops humilis, Chlidonias hybrida, Cyperus papyrus, Fusarium graminearum, Loxigilla barbadensis, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Odontesthes bonariensis, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Posidonia oceanica, Potamotrygon motoro, Rhamdia quelen, Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii, Sibiraea angustata, Takifugu rubripes, Tarentola mauritanica, Trimmatostroma sp. and Wallago attu. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Alburnoides fasciatus, Alburnoides kubanicus, Alburnoides maculatus, Alburnoides ohridanus, Alburnoides prespensis, Alburnoides rossicus, Alburnoides strymonicus, Alburnoides thessalicus, Alburnoides tzanevi, Carassius carassius, Fusarium asiaticum, Leucaspius delineatus, Loxigilla noctis dominica, Pelecus cultratus, Phoenix canariensis, Potamotrygon falkneri, Trachycarpus fortune and Vimba vimba