Prescription pattern in ischemic heart disease inpatients at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences: a cross sectional study

Background: Drug utilization pattern studies seek to screen, evaluate and suggest appropriate modifications in prescription practices. It would help to make patient care rational and cost effective. Objective was to analyze the drug prescribing pattern for treatment of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods: A prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in patients of IHD admitted in intensive coronary care unit and medicine ward for the period of six months. Data were collected in preformed case record form. The data were analyzed for drug use indicators, demographic parameters, morbidities, pattern of drug use using Microsoft excel 2010. Results: A total of 145 patients were enrolled out of that 89 (61.38%) were males. The mean age was 60.01±12.71 years and majority (26.89%) belonged to age group of 61-70 years. A total of 1208 drugs were prescribed in 145 patients. Most frequently prescribed drugs were antiplatelet group of drugs 100% encounters, followed by hypo-lipidemics (98.62%). Average number of drugs per encounter was 8.33 and percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 5.04%.  Conclusions: IHD was more common in males than females. The most commonly prescribed drug classes were anti-platelet drugs followed by hypolipidemic agents

Studies on Nisin Production by Isolated Lactobacillus Species in Aqueous Two-phase System

Isolated lactobacillus sp.(from cheese whey) was examined for its ability to produce bacteriocin like nisin in submerged fermentation and aqueous two-phase system(ATPS) at pH 6.5, 30.C for 18 h fermentation using M17S medium with 5%(v/v) inoculum and the nisin yields were obtained 4500 IU/ml and 20216 IU/ml where as biomass yield obtained 19.55 mg/ml and 31.88 mg/ml respectively.The maximum yield of nisin (24800 IU/ml) and biomass (22.49 mg/ml) were obtained in ATPS (28% PEG 6000 and 4% MgSO4.7H20 with 5-times concentrated M17 medium containing 0.5% lactose as carbon source) under similar conditions

GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF MILK PROTEINS IN BARBARI GOATS

Milk samples of 178 Barbari goats, maintained at the Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India, were analyzed to study the genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins in this breed. The genetic variants in milk samples were detected by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS – PAGE) method. The electrophoretic pattern revealed the milk sample of Barbari goats contained four major casein variants, i.e., αS1- casein, αS2 - casein, β-Cn, and κ-Cn and two whey proteins, viz., β- lactoglobulin and α- lactalbumin. Three αS1- casein alleles viz. αS1- CnA, αS1- CnB and αS1-CnF were identified in this study. The predominant allele of αS1- casein was αS1-Cn B, with a frequency of 0.565, whereas the frequencies of αS1-Cn A allele was 0.329. Very low frequency (0.073) of the αS1-CnF variant occurred in the milk of this breed. The frequency of null allele (i.e., absent of this particular allele in the population) for this locus (αS1-Cno) was 0.034. The αS2-locus showed two variants namely A and B and the frequencies of these variants were 0.531 and 0.469, respectively. Two genetic variants (A and B) were also observed in the κ-casein locus having the frequencies of 0.708 and 0.292, respectively. No polymorphism was observed at β- casein locus in our study. The electrophoretic pattern of β- lactoglobulin showed the presence of two genetic variants at β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) locus (viz., A and B) and the gene frequency of β-LG A and β-LG B was 0.910 and 0.090, respectively. Regarding the α-lactalbumin locus, two genetic variants of α-lactalbumin (α -LA) viz., A and B were identified in this breed. The gene frequency of predominant allele i.e, α-LA A allele was 0.966 whereas, the frequency of rare allele i.e., α-LA B was 0.034, respectively

Isomers in neutron-rich lead isotopes populated via the fragmentation of 238U^{238}U at 1 GeV A

Neutron-rich nuclei beyond N = 126 in the lead region were populated by fragmenting a 238U beam at 1 GeV A on a Be target and then separated by the Fragment Separator (FRS) at GSI. Their isomeric decays were observed, enabling study of the shell structure of neutron-rich nuclei around the Z=82 shell closure. Some preliminary results are reported in this paper