Statistical measure of complexity for quantum systems with continuous variables

The Fisher-Shannon statistical measure of complexity is analyzed for a continuous manifold of quantum observables. It is probed then than calculating it only in the configuration and momentum spaces will not give a complete description for certain systems. Then a more general measure for the complexity of a quantum system by the integration of the usual Fisher-Shannon measure over all the parameter space is proposed. Finally, these measures are applied to the concrete case of a free particle in a box.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. Published versio

Derivations of two-step nilpotent Leibniz algebras

In this paper we study the Lie algebras of derivations of two-step nilpotent Leibniz algebras. We obtain a class of Lie algebras with trivial center and abelian ideal of inner derivations. Among these, the relations between the complex and the real case of the indecomposable Heisenberg Leibniz algebras are thoroughly described. Finally we show that every almost inner derivation of a complex nilpotent Leibniz algebra with one-dimensional commutator ideal, with three exceptions, is an inner derivation.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2106.1290

Interpreting the evolution of galaxy colours from z=8z = 8 to z=5z = 5

We attempt to interpret existing data on the evolution of the UV luminosity function and UV colours, $\beta$, of galaxies at $5 \leq z \leq 8$, to improve our understanding of their dust content and ISM properties. To this aim, we post-process the results of a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation with a chemical evolution model, which includes dust formation by supernovae and intermediate mass stars, dust destruction in supernova shocks, and grain growth by accretion of gas-phase elements in dense gas. We find that observations require a steep, Small Magellanic Cloud-like extinction curve and a clumpy dust distribution, where stellar populations younger than 15 Myr are still embedded in their dusty natal clouds. Investigating the scatter in the colour distribution and stellar mass, we find that the observed trends can be explained by the presence of two populations: younger, less massive galaxies where dust enrichment is mainly due to stellar sources, and massive, more chemically evolved ones, where efficient grain growth provides the dominant contribution to the total dust mass. Computing the IR-excess - UV color relation we find that all but the dustiest model galaxies follow a relation shallower than the Meurer et al. (1999) one, usually adopted to correct the observed UV luminosities of high-$z$ galaxies for the effects of dust extinction. As a result, their total star formation rates might have been over-estimated. Our study illustrates the importance to incorporate a proper treatment of dust in simulations of high-$z$ galaxies, and that massive, dusty, UV-faint galaxies might have already appeared at $z \lesssim 7$.Comment: accepted in MNRA

Polar Diels-Alder Reactions using Heterocycles as Electrophiles. Influence of Microwave Irradiation

In this work we studied a series of polar Diels-Alder reactions using different heterocycles derivatives acting as electrophiles joint to dienes of different nucleophilicity, analyzing the effect of the microwave irradiation in these processes. We employ the technique in two conditions: benzene as solvent and solvent free reactions. The last one presents the better yield in shorter time of reaction. Using microwave heating the aromatic cycloadducts are clearly predominant. It is possible to demonstrate that the microwave irradiation has a better influence on these cycloaddition reactions respect to those developed in thermal classical conditions.Fil: Kneeteman, Maria Nelida. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: López Baena, Anna Francesca. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Della Rosa, Claudia Daniela. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Mancini, Pedro Maximo Emilio. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; Argentin

The dust mass in z > 6 normal star forming galaxies

We interpret recent ALMA observations of z > 6 normal star forming galaxies by means of a semi-numerical method, which couples the output of a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation with a chemical evolution model which accounts for the contribution to dust enrichment from supernovae, asymptotic giant branch stars and grain growth in the interstellar medium. We find that while stellar sources dominate the dust mass of small galaxies, the higher level of metal enrichment experienced by galaxies with Mstar > 10^9 Msun allows efficient grain growth, which provides the dominant contribution to the dust mass. Even assuming maximally efficient supernova dust production, the observed dust mass of the z = 7.5 galaxy A1689-zD1 requires very efficient grain growth. This, in turn, implies that in this galaxy the average density of the cold and dense gas, where grain growth occurs, is comparable to that inferred from observations of QSO host galaxies at similar redshifts. Although plausible, the upper limits on the dust continuum emission of galaxies at 6.5 < z < 7.5 show that these conditions must not apply to the bulk of the high redshift galaxy populationComment: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication as a Letter to MNRA

Isotopisms of nilpotent Leibniz algebras and Lie racks

In this paper we study the isotopism classes of two-step nilpotent Leibniz algebras. We show that every nilpotent Leibniz algebra with one-dimensional commutator ideal is isotopic to the Heisenberg algebra $\mathfrak{h}_{2n+1}$ or to the Heisenberg Leibniz algebra $\mathfrak{l}_{2n+1}^{J_1}$, where $J_1$ is the $n \times n$ Jordan block of eigenvalue $1$. We also prove that two such algebras are isotopic if and only if the Lie racks integrating them are isotopic. This gives the classification, up to isotopism, of Lie racks whose tangent space at the unit element is a nilpotent Leibniz algebra with commutator ideal of dimension one. Eventually we introduce new isotopism invariants for Leibniz algebras and Lie racks.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2106.1290

Non-nilpotent Leibniz algebras with one-dimensional derived subalgebra

In this paper we study non-nilpotent non-Lie Leibniz $\mathbb{F}$-algebras with one-dimensional derived subalgebra, where $\mathbb{F}$ is a field with $\operatorname{char}(\mathbb{F}) \neq 2$. We prove that such an algebra is isomorphic to the direct sum of the two-dimensional non-nilpotent non-Lie Leibniz algebra and an abelian algebra. We denote it by $L_n$, where $n=\dim_{\mathbb{F}} L_n$. This generalizes the result found in [11], which is only valid when $\mathbb{F}=\mathbb{C}$ . Moreover, we find the Lie algebra of derivations, its Lie group of automorphisms and the Leibniz algebra of biderivations of $L_n$. Eventually, we solve the coquecigrue problem for $L_n$ by integrating it into a Lie rack

Non-Nilpotent Leibniz Algebras with One-Dimensional Derived Subalgebra

In this paper we study non-nilpotent non-Lie Leibniz F-algebras with one-dimensional derived subalgebra, where F is a field with char(F) different from 2 . We prove that such an algebra is isomorphic to the direct sum of the two-dimensional non-nilpotent non-Lie Leibniz algebra and an abelian algebra. We denote it by L_n , where n=dimL_n. This generalizes the result found in Demir et al. (Algebras and Representation Theory 19:405-417, 2016), which is only valid when F=C. Moreover, we find the Lie algebra of derivations, its Lie group of automorphisms and the Leibniz algebra of biderivations of L_n. Eventually, we solve the coquecigrue problem for L_n by integrating it into a Lie rack

Um framework orientado a objetos para construção de simuladores de sistemas dinâmicos.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um framework genérico e simples, que permita desenvolvimento modular, hierárquico e orientado a objetos de simuladores de sistemas dinâmicos. A primeira fase do trabalho constituiu no levantamento dos requisitos do software, o qual foi realizado no âmbito de dois projetos com necessidade de implementação de simuladores de sistemas complexos na agricultura, o projeto PECUS (http://www.agropediabrasilis.cnptia.embrapa.br/web/pecus) e o projeto ANIMALCHANGE (http://www.animalchange.eu/), procurando, a partir de exemplos da literatura, generalizar a estrutura para a simulação de sistemas dinâmicos. O framework permite que modelos e simuladores específicos possam ser implementados a partir de classes básicas que dão suporte à hierarquização, sincronização, transferência de dados por meio de conexões e portas entre os componentes do(s) modelo(s) e eventos do simulador. O framework suporta simuladores contínuos, orientados a eventos e híbridos. Eventos possuem ponteiros para métodos específicos de um objeto-alvo. Simulações podem ser configuradas por meio de uma interface que permite a definição de dados de entrada e eventos de forma genérica a partir do caminho hierárquico de um modelo componente ou para uma porta do modelo. O framework foi desenvolvido para ser compilado separadamente de outros componentes de softwares de simulação tais como banco de dados e interface gráfica.CIIC 2012. No 12613

Hydrogen and methane production through two stage anaerobic digestion of straw residues

: Anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste can contribute to the European renewable energy needs. The 71% of the 20,000 anaerobic digestion plants in operation already uses these agro-waste as feedstock; part of these plants can be converted into two stage processes to produce hydrogen and methane in the same plant. Biomethane enriched in hydrogen can replace natural gas in grids while contributing to the sector decarbonisation. Straw is the most abundant agricultural residue (156&nbsp;Mt/y) and its conventional final fate is uncontrolled soil disposal, landfilling, incineration or, in the best cases, composting. The present research work focuses on the fermentation of spent mushroom bed, an agricultural lignocellulosic byproduct, composed mainly from wheat straw. The substrate has been characterized and semi-continuous tests were performed evaluating the effect of the hydraulic retention time on hydrogen and volatile fatty acids production. It was found that all the tests confirmed the feasibility of the process even on this lignocellulosic substrate, and also, it was identified HRT 4.0&nbsp;d as the best option to optimize the productivity of volatile fatty acids (17.09 gCODVFAs/(KgVS*d)), and HRT 6.0&nbsp;d for hydrogen (7.98 LH2/(KgVS*d)). The fermentation effluent was used in biomethanation potential tests to evaluate how this process affects a subsequent digestion phase, reporting an increase in the energetical feedstock exploitation up to 30%