Quantitatively Measured Anatomic Location and Volume of Optic Disc Drusen: An Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography Study

Optic disc drusen (ODD) are found in up to 2.4% of the population and are known to cause visual field defects. The purpose of the current study was to investigate how quantitatively estimated volume and anatomic location of ODD influence optic nerve function. Anatomic location, volume of ODD, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell layer thickness were assessed in 37 ODD patients using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Volume of ODD was calculated by manual segmentation of ODD in 97 B-scans per eye. Anatomic characteristics were compared with optic nerve function using automated perimetric mean deviation (MD) and multifocal visual evoked potentials. Increased age (P = 0.015); larger ODD volume (P = 0.002); and more superficial anatomic ODD location (P = 0.007) were found in patients with ODD visible by ophthalmoscopy compared to patients with buried ODD. In a multivariate analysis, a worsening of MD was significantly associated with larger ODD volume (P <0.0001). No association was found between MD and weighted anatomic location, age, and visibility by ophthalmoscopy. Decreased ganglion cell layer thickness was significantly associated with worse MD (P = 0.025) and had a higher effect on MD when compared to retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Large ODD volume is associated with optic nerve dysfunction. The worse visual field defects associated with visible ODD should only be ascribed to larger ODD volume and not to a more superficial anatomic ODD location

Anatomical Correlates of Visual Field Defects in Patients with Optic Disc Drusen using EDI-OCT

Optic disc drusen (ODD) are found in up to 2.4% of the population and are known to cause visual field defects. The purpose of the current study was to investigate how quantitatively estimated volume and anatomical location of ODD influence degree of visual field defects

Optic Disc Drusen in Children: The Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 Eye Study

The etiology and pathophysiology of optic disc drusen (ODD) are still unknown even though the condition is found in up to 2.4% of the population. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors of ODD in a population-based child cohort in early adolescence

Optic Disc Drusen in Children: The Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 Eye Study

Optic disc drusen (ODD) are seen in up to 2.4% of the general population, but the etiology and pathophysiology of the condition is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of ODD in a population-based child cohort and to determine if scleral canal diameter and fetal birth and pubertal parameters are associated with the presence of ODD. This observational, longitudinal population-based birth cohort study, with a nested case-control, included 1,406 children. Eye examinations were performed when the children were between 11 and 12 years of age. Assessment was performed of optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans from 1,304 children with gradable enhanced depth imaging scans of the optic disc. ODD in one or both eyes were found in 13 (1.0%) of all children. All but one of the cases were found in children with scleral canal diameter in the lowest quartile (1,182-1,399 μm) in the nested case-control study. Children with ODD had a mean disc diameter of 1,339 μm (interquartile range, 30 μm), whereas it was 1,508 μm (interquartile range, 196 μm) in the 130 controls without ODD (P < 0.001). No differences in sex, birth weight, refractive error, and Tanner stages (of puberty) were found between children with and without ODD. The prevalence of ODD was 1% in a large child cohort examined by OCT. ODD was found only in eyes with a narrow scleral canal, which is consistent with the hypothesis that ODD might arise as a consequence of retinal nerve fiber congestion in the scleral canal

Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Corresponds to Drusen Location and Extent of Visual Field Defects in Superficial and Buried Optic Disc Drusen

A 45-year-old woman with ptosis and diplopia was found to have myasthenia gravis (MG) associated with amyloidosis of the thymus gland. Systemic MG is frequently associated with thymomas or thymic hyperplasia but has only once previously been reported in association with amyloidosis of the thymus. This case demonstrates that isolated ocular MG rarely may also be associated with amyloidosis of the thymus

Long-Term Evolution Optic Disc Drusen - 57 Year Follow-Up (.pdf)

Optic disc drusen (ODD) are hyaline deposits in the optic nerve head. The pathophysiology remains unknown, but the formation of ODD is probably based on alterations of axoplasmic transport in the optic nerve head. Long-term evolution of ODD anatomy and visual field defects in ODD patients is a key factor for learning more about the pathophysiology and prognosis of the condition. With a mean follow-up period of 57 years, this is the first study that evaluates optic disc anatomy and visual fields in patients with ODD over a life-span

Long-term OCT Follow-up in Children with Optic Disc Drusen

A better understanding of optic disc drusen (ODD) etiology and pathophysiology might be possible by visualizing progression of ODD and potential precurser lesions. The purpose of this study was to examine the progression of ODD and scleral canal diameter in children previously diagnosed with ODD and to assess potential precursor lesions in children with newly developed ODD