The welfare of captive lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus) housed in Indian zoos

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Tactical approach to identify and quarantine spurious node participation request in sensory application

Securing Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) from variable forms of adversary is still an open end challenge. Review of diversified security apprroaches towards such problems that they are highly symptomatic with respect to resiliency strength against attack. Therefore, the proposed system highlights a novel and effective solution that is capable of identify the spurios request for participating in teh network building process from attacker and in return could deviate the route of attacker to some virtual nodes and links. A simple trust based mechanism is constructed for validating the legitimacy of such request generated from adversary node. The proposed system not only presents a security solution but also assists in enhancing the routing process significantly. The simulated outcome of the study shows that proposed system offers significantly good energy conservation, satisfactory data forwarding performance, reduced processing time in contrast to existing standard security practices

Prevalence of Tobacco Consumption and Its Contributing Factors among Students of a Private Medical College in Belgaum: A Cross Sectional Study

BACKGROUND: Tobacco consumption epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats that the world is facing and attracts the attention of researchers to identify the cause for the same in specific groups. Medical students act as mentors to fight against tobacco use, but several reports suggest that a good number of medical undergraduates are themselves addicted to tobacco use. Thus, the objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco consumption and its association with various factors among undergraduate medical students.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 372 undergraduate medical students from first to fourth year during November 2013 to January 2015. A pre-designed, pre-tested, structured and self-administered questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 16. Data was analyzed for percentage, Chi-square test and regression analysis to find association between tobacco use and various independent variables.RESULT: The mean age of the participants was 21.2 (SD=2.28) years with a male-female ratio of 1.92:1. The prevalence of tobacco use was 27.1% (n=101). The overall prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco use was 22.6% (n=84) and 7.8% (n=29) respectively. The prevalence of current tobacco use was 24.2% (n=90). Among the ever tobacco users, about 3% (n=11) had quit using tobacco. Tobacco consumption was observed to be significantly associated with male gender (p<.001), increasing age (p<0.01), residing in hostels (p<.001) and with a parental history of using tobacco (p<.001).CONCLUSION: The prevalence of tobacco use in smoking and smokeless form among undergraduate medical students was high.This has important implications in the strict implementation and monitoring of smoking-related rules in hostels of medical colleges, especially those related to peer-support.KEYWORDS: Tobacco, Smoking, Medical student

Maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa in atertiary care centre: a record based retrospective case series study

Background: Placenta previa occurs when the placenta is situated wholly or partially in the lower uterine segment. It is one of the leading causes for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. It occurs in 4 to 5 cases out of 1000 pregnancies and remains a significant cause for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective of this study is to know the maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa. Methods: It is a retrospective case series study. Data of 51 pregnant women diagnosed with placenta previa managed at SNMC and HSK hospital between January 21 to December 22 were retrieved and analyzed. Results: Incidence of placenta previa was found to be 1.6% of 3135 deliveries at the given time. Among 51 cases of placenta previa, 7.84% delivered vaginally, 92.16% underwent caesarean section. 45.10% were early preterm, 29.41% had late preterm delivery, 25.49% had term deliver, 49.02% had h/o previous LSCS, 7.8% had history of d and e, 17.65% had h/o abortion, 11.76 % still born. Blood transfusion was done for 27.45% of women, post-partum haemorrhage was documented in 21.56%, 7.84% needed ICU admission and there were no documented peri-partum hysterectomy upon any of these women. Conclusions: The availability of advanced emergency obstetric care across greater number of referral hospitals has been responsible to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with many complicated obstetric conditions. However the challenge is that as this condition is confirmed by ultrasound, women should take regular antenatal check-ups, should be counselled and made aware of the complications associated with this condition so that adequate and appropriate management can be planned and executed for better maternal and perinatal outcome also with on time referral to tertiary care centre where there is required multidisciplinary team, adequate availability of blood and blood products, NICU and ICU facilities where these high risk caesarean be managed efficiently the potential to limit maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity caused due to placenta previa can be greatly reduced

Quantification of Uncertainty in the Mathematical Modelling of a Multivariable Suspension Strut Using Bayesian Interval Hypothesis-Based Approach

Mathematical models of a suspension strut such as an aircraft landing gear are utilized by engineers in order to predict its dynamic response under different boundary conditions. The prediction of the dynamic response, for example the external loads, the stress and the strength as well as the maximum compression in the spring-damper component aids engineers in early decision making to ensure its structural reliability under various operational conditions. However, the prediction of the dynamic response is influenced by model uncertainty. As far as the model uncertainty is concerned, the prediction of the dynamic behavior via different mathematical models depends upon various factors such as the model's complexity in terms of the degrees of freedom, material and geometrical assumptions, their boundary conditions and the governing functional relations between the model input and output parameters. The latter can be linear or nonlinear, axiomatic or empiric, time variant or time-invariant. Hence, the uncertainty that arises in the prediction of the dynamic response of the resulting different mathematical models needs to be quantified with suitable validation metrics, especially when the system is under structural risk and failure assessment. In this contribution, the authors utilize the Bayesian interval hypothesis-based method to quantify the uncertainty in the mathematical models of the suspension strut

Impact of adolescent health education on adolescent girls in rural schools and colleges

Background: Adolescence is a transitional phase linking childhood to adulthood. Among adolescents, girls are especially vulnerable and more susceptible biologically to reproductive tract infections. In rural India, health education given to these girls, builds knowledge, motivates them to improve and maintain their health, prevent disease and reduce risky behaviors.  This study aims to evaluate the impact of adolescent health education on these rural teenage girls.Methods: This is a school-based educational interventional study on adolescent health education, on the girls 11 to 19 years old, in our area, during the period from January 2012 to February 2014. A pretest and post-test were done along with the health education, which covered various topics concerning adolescent health.Results: There were 1249 girl students enrolled into the study. The knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene improved significantly after health education. The awareness of ill effects of child marriage, consanguineous marriage and teenage pregnancy was known by only 82.9%, 29.5% and 5.8% respectively. The knowledge about self-breast examination, Pap smears and awareness that chronic white discharge after marriage, leads to cancer of cervix in the long run, were known by none. By this study, it is seen that their knowledge was poor during pretest and remarkable improvement took place after the educational intervention.Conclusions: This study shows the feasibility of adolescent health education program implementation on girls in the rural schools

Morbidity Pattern in Textile Weavers of Urban Belgaum: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study

Objective:  To study the morbidity pattern in adult textile weavers. Study Design: Community-based cross sectional studyPeriod of the study:  one year (November 2004 to October 2005)Study participants: 377 adult textile weavers residing in Khasbag, BelgaumSetting: Khasbag urban field practice area of J. N. Medical College, BelgaumAnalysis: Frequency distribution in EXCEL 2000 SoftwareResults: The most common morbidities found were noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) - 125 (33.2%), followed by dental stains – 109 (28.9%), hypertension 81 (21.5%), acid peptic disorders - 75 (19.9%), sleep disorders - 69 (18.3%), dental caries  - 67 (17.8%), backache - 63 (16.7%), myalgia / fatigue - 60 (15.9%), URTI - 58 (15.4%) and anemia -35 (9.3%).Keywords: Textile weavers, Morbidity, Noise induced hearing los