11 research outputs found
The Dating of "HĂĄvamĂĄl"
I denna artikel identifieras och prövas fyra innehĂ„llskriterier som alla pekar mot komposition före ca 1000 och dĂ€rmed stöttar sprĂ„kliga kriterier. Inga motstridiga indikationer har identifierats, och spridningen av kriterier i dikten kan tyda pĂ„ att Ă€ven om HĂĄvamĂĄl möjligen Ă€r sammansatt av mer Ă€n en dikt torde detta ha Ă€gt rum tidigt, troligen i perioden ca 900â50
1100-talets pseudonyma skaldediktning: En kritisk granskning
i denna artikel diskuteras ett antagande som har blivit allt vanligare inom skaldediktsforskningen frÄn mitten av 1900-talet och framÄt, nÀmligen att det under 1100-talet skall ha komponerats Ätskillig poesi i de skalders namn som hade levat pÄ 900-talet. Detta antagande förutsÀtter, Ätminstone implicit, att sagorna hade antagit den prosimetriska form vi kÀnner frÄn 1200- talet redan hundra Är tidigare. i denna studie granskas hÀr sÄ mÄnga tillgÀngliga indicier som möjligt för att bedöma om skaldediktsprosimetrum verkligen var en vanlig form pÄ 1100-talet, och de visar sig alla peka mot att sÄ inte var fallet. Formen tycks snarare ha utvecklats under pÄverkan av eddadiktsprosimetrum i perioden runt och framför allt efter 1200. antagandet om pseudonym 1100-talsdiktning motsÀgs dÀrmed av den litterÀra utvecklingen och detta leder till frÄgan om vilka kriterier som har anvÀnts för att uppstÀlla en hypotes. Dessa befinns bjuda pÄ Ätskilliga problem, och det föreslÄs att företrÀde istÀllet bör ges Ät mÀt- och falsifierbara kriterier
Approaches to Dating the Poetry in the Sagas of Icelanders
https://doi.org/10.33063/diva-524128</p
Character, Provenance, and Use of the Icelandic Fifth Grammatical Treatise
This article argues that the short textual fragment today called the Fifth Grammatical Treatise (below 5GT) represents a kind of hybrid within Icelandic poetics, occupying a middle ground between the nativizing treatises, such as Snorriâs Edda, and the Latinate ones, such as 3GT and 4GT. Like Snorriâs Edda, 5GT uses vernacular rather than Latin terminology and it is not arranged according to principles canonized within the grammatical tradition, but the concept it treats are alien to the vernacular tradition and belong in the sphere of Latin learning. The article also contends that the combined evidence of manuscript context and features within the text itself suggest that its author is ĂlĂĄfr ĂĂłrĂ°arson, nephew of Snorri Sturluson, or someone very close to him, and that ĂlĂĄfr drew on 5GT in his composition of 3GT. This contextualization sheds further light on how 5GT fits into the evolving tradition of Icelandic poetics, not least because ĂlĂĄfr is the person who took this tradition from a nativizing to a Latinate mode in 3GT. The attribution of 5GT to his intellectual milieu thus enables us to get close to the individuals who, after Snorri, developed the discourse on vernacular poetics in the thirteenth century. The translation of Latin texts that ĂlĂĄfr undertook in 3GT may appear as the most straightforward way of transferring Latin learning into the vernacular. The intermediate, hybrid solution of 5GT, however, suggests that the nativizing mode held such a strong position in Icelandic intellectual circles that translation was the most, rather than the least, challenging solution for transforming local poetics into a theoretical discourse recognizable by European standards
Kan fornislĂ€ndskans rĂșnar betyda âbokstĂ€verâ?
This article argues that Old Norse rĂșnar cannot have the unqualified meaning âlettersâ, but only ârunesâ or, rarely, âanother type of script than the ordinaryâ. The meanÂing âlettersâ in dictionaries and translations is derived from Latin, which has no word for ârunesâ, and where the natural translation of rĂșnar is therefore litterae âlettersâ. When Latin translations were subsequently reverted into the vernacular, the additional meaning âlettersâ entered scholarly literature on the subject. This is true not only of Old Norse, but also of Old English and Old High German. This obserÂvation can provide us with more secure readings of some textual passages and, more importantly, allows us to follow the expression of attitudes towards runes in Iceland in the period c. 1150â1350