Beneficial Effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716 Administration to Infants Delivered by Cesarean Section

Cesarean section (CS) disrupts the natural microbiota colonization process in infants, which might compromise immune system maturation, leading to a higher risk of infections. We evaluated the effect of the probiotic Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum CECT 5716 on the incidence of gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in the CS infant subgroups (n = 173) of three randomized clinical trials in which this probiotic strain was demonstrated to be safe and effective for preventing infections. Therefore, the data for the CS infants were extracted to obtain the incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% CI for gastrointestinal and respiratory infections for each study and were then combined to obtain a pooled IRR and 95% CI using the generic inverse variance method. There was a significant reduction of 73% in the incidence of gastrointestinal infections in CS infants receiving L. fermentum CECT 5716 compared with those receiving the control formula [n = 173, IRR: 0.27 (0.13, 0.53), p = 0.0002]. Regarding respiratory infections, although pooled results showed a reduction of 14% in the probiotic group, the difference was not statistically significant [n = 173, IRR (95% CI): 0.86 (0.67, 1.11), p = 0.25]. In conclusion, the administration of L. fermentum CECT 5716 to CS-born infants protects them from gastrointestinal infections by reducing the risk by up to 73% in this population

Estigmatización y usos léxicos en el tratamiento informativo del vih/sida en cinco diarios mexicanos de 2012 a 2013

The goal of this work was to find out if the information about hiv/aids published in five Mexican newspapers denoted any kind of stigmatization. The content analysis resulted in the presence of neutral vocabulary. The disease wasn't linked to the topic of death and alarmist information was not used.El presente trabajo averigua si la información sobre el vih/sida publicada en cinco periódicos mexicanos conllevaba algún tipo de estigmatización. El análisis de contenido arrojó que se utilizó un lenguaje neutro; no se relacionó a la enfermedad con la muerte y no se utilizaron datos alarmistas

La participación política de los jóvenes en Nuevo León y sus actitudes políticas. Estudio longitudinal 2015

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo el estudio de la participación política convencional y no convencional de los jóvenes en el área metropolitana de Monterrey yel nivel explicativo que tienen sobre ellas actitudes políticas como serian la sofisticación política y la sensación de eficacia política. En el presente estudio de corte cuantitativo longitudinal, se aplicaron dos encuestas de opinión donde el trabajo de campo se realizó con el financiamiento del Programa para el Desarrollo Profesional Docente, para el tipo superior (PRODEP). Los objetivos del estudio fueron determinar el nivel de participación política convencional y no convencional, de sofisticación política y eficacia política; además de identificar el nivel explicativo de la sofisticación política y eficacia política sobre los diferentes tipos de participación política en los jóvenes. En relación a los resultados más relevantes se determinó que la sensación de eficacia política tiene un mayor nivel explicativo sobre los diferentes tipos de participación, reflejando mayor nivel de significancia en la participación convencional

Is a Gluten-Free Diet Enough to Maintain Correct Micronutrients Status in Young Patients with Celiac Disease?

The authors thank the patients for their participation in the current study. We are grateful to Ana Yara Postigo Fuentes for her assistance with the English language.The current study assesses whether the use of a gluten-free diet (GFD) is sufficient for maintaining correct iron status in children with celiac disease (CD). The study included 101 children. The celiac group (n = 68) included children with CD, with long (> 6 months) (n = 47) or recent (< 6 months) (n = 21) adherence to a GFD. The control group (n = 43) included healthy children. Dietary assessment was performed by a food frequency questionnaire and a 3-day food record. Celiac children had lower iron intake than controls, especially at the beginning of GFD (p < 0.01). The group CD-GFD >6 months showed a higher intake of cobalamin, meat derivatives and fish compared to that of CD-GFD <6 months (all, p < 0.05). The control group showed a higher consumption of folate, iron, magnesium, selenium and meat derivatives than that of children CD-GFD >6 months (all, p < 0.05). Control children also showed a higher consumption of folate and iron compared to that of children CD-GFD <6 months (both, p < 0.05). The diet of celiac children was nutritionally less balanced than that of the control. Participation of dietitians is necessary in the management of CD to guide the GFD as well as assess the inclusion of iron supplementation and other micronutrients that may be deficient.This study was partially funded by the Regional Government of Andalusia, Excellence Research Project No P12-AGR-2581. This study was also supported by the University of Granada Research and Knowledge Transfer Fund (PPIT)2016, Excellence Actions Programme: Scientific Units of Excellence (UCEES), and the Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Enterprises and University, European Regional Development Funds (ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR). MFA was additionally funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (Grant number FPU17/03715)

Modelos para la reordenación de la red de transporte público en la Comarca de Pamplona

[ES] Para diseñar y evaluar alternativas la reordenación de transporte público en Pamplona se desarrollaron herramientas de modelización de dos aspectos fundamentales del sistema de transporte: Un modelo económico y de explotación, que relaciona la operación de las líneas con el resultado económico del operador de transporte público, y Un modelo de la movilidad, que relaciona la oferta en transporte público con su demanda El primero se compone de un representación detallada de los parámetros de explotación de cada línea (kilómetros recorridos, nº de expediciones, horas de conducción, material móvil), y de un modelo económico que relaciona los costes reales del operador de transporte público con parámetros de explotación. Permite inferir así el resultado económico de otras alternativas de explotación, una vez definidas con detalle su explotación. El segundo es un modelo de la movilidad en cuatro etapas, desarrollado a partir de una encuesta domiciliaria realizada recientemente. Permite estimar la demanda de alternativas de ordenación de la red, y en particular la captada del vehículo privado. Utilizando ambas herramientas fue posible el diseño de alternativas de ordenación de la red que, aun manteniendo prácticamente igual la subvención al sistema de transporte, incrementaban el uso del transporte público. La primera alternativa analizada corresponde a una mejora evolutiva de la actual estructura de red, mientras la segunda, basada en ejes troncales en plataforma exclusiva, constituye una mayor apuesta al transporte público.Perez Lozano, JM.; Stührmann, H.; Maldonado Riesgo, G.; Díaz Carrero, JL. (2016). Modelos para la reordenación de la red de transporte público en la Comarca de Pamplona. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 2365-2379. https://doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2015.4099OCS2365237

Moderating Effect of Changes in Perceived Social Support during Pregnancy on the Emotional Health of Mothers and Fathers and on Baby’s Anthropometric Parameters at Birth

(1) Background: this study is based on a model of how changes in protective factors may affect the emotional health of mothers and fathers and thus influence the development of the baby. Our research goal is to determine whether variations in perceived social support moderate levels of stress and depression during pregnancy and/or the effect of parents’ emotional health on the baby’s anthropometric parameters. (2) Methods: to achieve these aims, a longitudinal study was made of 132 couples and babies, who were evaluated at weeks 12 and 32 of gestation and at birth. Separate analyses were performed for the mothers and fathers, focused on the role of social support in moderating their levels of depression and stress during pregnancy, and the consequent impact on the baby. (3) Results: the results obtained show the moderating effects of changes in social support on maternal and paternal stress and depression. Reduced social support during pregnancy is associated with higher levels of stress and depression in both parents and with a high cephalisation index in their babies. (4) Conclusions: special attention should be paid to social support, which can have a strong impact on the evolution of emotional health during pregnancy and concomitantly on the development of the baby.University of Granada (Spain)Andalusian Public Foundation for Biosanitary Research Eastern Andalusia (Spain)Regional Ministry of Health within Junta de Andalucia (Spain) PC-0526-2016-052

Influence of Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Celiac Children on a Gluten-Free Diet

We aimed to assess the influence of the Mediterranean Diet adherence and physical activity (PA) on body composition, with a particular focus on bone health, in young patients with celiac disease (CD). The CD group (n = 59) included children with CD with a long (>18 months, n = 41) or recent (<18 months, n = 18) adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). The non-celiac group (n = 40) included non-celiac children. After adjusting for potential confounders, the CD group showed lower body weight (p = 0.034), lean mass (p = 0.003), bone mineral content (p = 0.006), and bone Z-score (p = 0.036) than non-celiac children, even when the model was further adjusted for adherence to a GFD for at least 18 months. Among CD children, spending greater time in vigorous physical activity was associated with higher lean mass (p = 0.020) and bone mineral density with evidence of statistical significance (p = 0.078) regardless of the time they followed a GFD. In addition, a greater Mediterranean Diet adherence was associated with a higher bone Z-score (p = 0.020). Moreover, lean mass was strongly associated with bone mineral density and independently explained 12% of its variability (p < 0.001). These findings suggest the importance of correctly monitoring lifestyle in children with CD regarding dietary habits and PA levels to improve lean mass and, consequently, bone quality in this population.Regional Government of Andalusia, Excellence Research Project No P12-AGR-2581Project from the University of Granada Ref. PP2017-PIP14Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports (Grant number FPU17/03715

Multifactorial Etiology of Anemia in Celiac Disease and Effect of Gluten-Free Diet: A Comprehensive Review

Celiac disease (CD) is a multisystemic disorder with di erent clinical expressions, from malabsorption with diarrhea, anemia, and nutritional compromise to extraintestinal manifestations. Anemia might be the only clinical expression of the disease, and iron deficiency anemia is considered one of the most frequent extraintestinal clinical manifestations of CD. Therefore, CD should be suspected in the presence of anemia without a known etiology. Assessment of tissue anti-transglutaminase and anti-endomysial antibodies are indicated in these cases and, if positive, digestive endoscopy and intestinal biopsy should be performed. Anemia in CD has a multifactorial pathogenesis and, although it is frequently a consequence of iron deficiency, it can be caused by deficiencies of folate or vitamin B12, or by blood loss or by its association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or other associated diseases. The association between CD and IBD should be considered during anemia treatment in patients with IBD, because the similarity of symptoms could delay the diagnosis. Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in CD and may be responsible for anemia and peripheral myeloneuropathy. Folate deficiency is a well-known cause of anemia in adults, but there is little information in children with CD; it is still unknown if anemia is a symptom of the most typical CD in adult patients either by predisposition due to the fact of age or because biochemical and clinical manifestations take longer to appear

Evaluation of the safety, tolerance and efficacy of 1-year consumption of infant formula supplemented with Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 Lc40 or Bifidobacterium breve CECT7263: a randomized controlled trial

Background: The microorganism present in breast milk, added to other factors, determine the colonization of infants. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the safety, tolerance and effects of the consumption of a milk formula during the first year of life that is supplemented with L. fermentum CECT5716 or Bifidobacterium breve CECT7263, two strains originally isolated from breast milk. Results: One hundred and eighty-nine infants completed the eleven months of intervention (61 in control group, 65 in Lf group and 63 in Bb group). The growth of infants in the three groups was consistent with standards. No significant differences were observed in the main outcome, weight-gain (Control group: 5.77 Kg ± 0.95, Lf group: 5.77 Kg ± 1.31, Bb group: 5.58 Kg ± 1.10; p = 0.527). The three milk formulae were well tolerated, and no adverse effects were related to the consumption of any of the formula. Infants receiving B. breve CECT7263 had a 1.7 times lower risk of crying than the control group (OR = 0.569, CI 95% 0.568–0.571; p = 0.001). On the other hand, the incidence of diarrhoea in infants receiving the formula supplemented with L. fermentum CECT5716 was a 44% lower than in infants receiving the control formula (p = 0.014). The consumption of this Lactobacillus strain also reduced the duration of diarrhoea by 2.5 days versus control group (p = 0.044). Conclusions: The addition of L. fermentum CECT5716 Lc40 or B. breve CECT7263, two probiotic strains naturally found in breast milk, to infant formulae is safe and induces beneficial effects on the health of infants.This work was funded by Biosearch Life supported by a grant from the Agency of Innovation and Development of Andalusia (IDEA-Spain), Cofinanced by European Regional Development Fund (EC). Project Tittle: “New applications of probiotic strains and derived compounds with biological activity (POSTBIO)” and partially funded by Lactalis-Puleva (Granada, Spain)

La comunicación política interactiva frente a los medios tradicionales como promotores de la participación política no convencional de los jóvenes en el área metropolitana de Monterrey, Nuevo León (Interactive policy communication towards traditional media as promoters of unconventional political participation of young people in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Nuevo León)

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad el estudio de la participación política no convencional de los jóvenes en el Área Metropolitana de Monterrey y los efectos que produce en ella la comunicación política interactiva como un nuevo paradigma y la atención a noticias y programas de política en los medios tradicionales de comunicación que para la investigación serían la prensa escrita y la televisión. El presente estudio es de corte cuantitativo, por lo cual se aplicó una encuesta de opinión donde el trabajo de campo se realizó con el financiamiento del Programa para el Desarrollo Profesional Docente para el tipo superior (PRODEP).Los objetivos del estudio fueron determinar el grado de participación política no convencional, de comunicación política interactiva y atención a noticias y programas de política, además se buscó determinar el nivel explicativo que tienen sobre la participación política no convencional elementos como la comunicación política interactiva y la atención a noticias y programas de política. En relación a los resultados más relevantes se determinó que la comunicación política interactiva es la variable que tiene un mayor nivel explicativo frente a la participación política no convencional.Palabras clave: atención a noticias y programas de política, comunicación política interactiva, Participación política no convencional. Abstract.This article aims to study the unconventional political participation of young people in the metropolitan area of Monterrey and the effects that produce at it the interactive political communication as a new paradigm and attention to news and political programs in the media traditional communication that for research would be the press and television. This study is quantitative court, therefore, an opinion poll where fieldwork was conducted with funding from the PRODEP(Programa para el Desarrollo Profesional Docente, para el tipo superior).The goal of the study were to determine the degree of unconventional political participation, interactive political communication and attention to news and policy programs also sought to determine the explanatory level they have on political participation unconventional elements such as interactive political communication and attention to the news and programs politics. Regarding the most relevant results it was determined that the interactive political communication is the variable that has greater explanatory level against unconventional political participation.Key words: attention to news and political programs, interactive political communication, unconventional political participation.