Some novel ways of gastric cancer patients treatment personification

In this paper the authors perform the analysis of molecular and morphological factors influencing the survival of patients with gastric cancer (n = 221). They analyzed the survival rate in this group of patients based on the analysis of molecular markers VEGFR, p53, Her2, Ki-67. Measured role in the survival such factors as the degree of differentiation of primary gastric tumors, the presence of microscopic tumor involvement of perineural and perivascular spaces, the degree of invasion to gastric wall by T1 = 1 and to T4a = 4, T4b = 5, number of regional lymph nodes affected by metastasis, and other factors. As an arbitrator used survival curves calculated by the method of R. J. Cox, time of lifespan, measured in months, as well as a comparison of the areas under the curves of survival

MONITORING COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF MOCVD ZrO2-BASED MULTICOMPONENT FILMS BY INNOVATIVE MIXED METAL-ORGANIC PRECURSORS

Three volatile mixed-metal precursors [ZrL4Pb(hfa)2] (1), [ZrL4PbL2] (2), and [ZrL4La(dpm)3] (3) (L = 2-methoxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-3,5-heptanedionate; dpm = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate; hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluore-2,4-pentanedionate) are used to prepare ZrO2-based multicomponent films by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The deposition experiments are carried out in a hot-wall reactor at 600-750 °C on silicon substrates under 20 Torr in the presence of oxygen. According to X-ray powder diffraction, the main crystal phases in the films prepared from precursors 1 and 2 are solid solutions based on tetragonal and cubic ZrO2. Lead does not form separate crystal phases but is dissolved in the oxide form within the ZrO2 matrix, as is indicated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. La2Zr2O7 films are prepared from 3 using two ways of precursor supply: evaporation in argon and by direct liquid injection (DLI). It is shown that the composition and structure of obtained films are determined by the precursor composition. The results obtained for thermal behavior of precursors in condensed and gas phases are discussed

Insight into effect of water additive on carbon remaining in metal alloys after high-pressure high-temperature diamond synthesis

In this study, we attempted to unravel the physicochemical grounds of the effect of water additive on diamond crystallization from a conventional metal-carbon system at high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The microstructure and chemical state of carbon inclusions remained in a Ni-Fe alloy after the synthesis experiments at 6 GPa and 1370 degrees C with H2O additive of 0.18 and 0.53 wt% were examined by methods of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. It was found, that at the larger H2O concentration, the residual Ni-Fe-C system is enriched by sp(2)-hybridized carbon and oxygenated carbon, mainly in the carboxyl form. Our results suggest that formation of double bonds between carbon and oxygen atoms terminates tetrahedral hybridization of carbon, which is a necessary condition for nucleation and growth of diamond crystal, and promotes the formation of graphite-like phase. Thus, this study gives insight into the mechanism of diamond nucleation and growth in the presence of water in the metal carbon melt. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Применение радиочастотной термоабляции в лечении больных с опухолями печени

В статті наведено приклад використання методу радіочастотної (РЧ) термоабляції в лікуванні 43 хворих з пухлинами печінки. Процедура виконувалася в комбінації з оперативними втручаннями на первинному вогнищі. Показанням до її виконання був метастатичний процес. Абляцію виконували за допомогою РЧ-генератора RITA 1500X, спеціальної радіочастотної голки (зонду) Starburst XL та електрода Habib 4х Bi-Polar. РЧ термоабляція є ефективним методом лікування онкологічних хворих з пухлинами печінки, який в структурі комбінованого лікування метастазів дозволяє добитися рівня дворічної виживаності хворих з одним вогнищем до 6 см в діаметрі, або двома вогнищами до 4 см в діаметрі (в 62% випадків).In the article the method of radiofrequency (RF) thermoablation in 43 patients with tumours of the liver is discussed. The procedure was performed in combination with surgery on the primary focus. Indication to its implementation was metastatic process. Ablation was performed by RF generator RITA 1500X, a special radiofrequency needle (probe) Starburst XL electrode and by Habib 4x Bi-Polar. RF thermoablation is an effective treatment of cancer patients with liver tumours, which in combined treatment of metastases helps achieve the level of two-year survival of patients with one focus up to 6 cm in diameter, or two foci up to 4 cm in diameter (in 62% of cases).В статье приведен пример использования метода радиочастотной (РЧ) термоабляции в лечении 43 больных с опухолями печени. Процедура выполнялась в сочетании с оперативными вмешательствами на первичном очаге. Показанием к ее выполнению был метастатический процесс. Абляция выполнялась с помощью РЧ-генератора RITA 1500X, специальной радиочастотной иглы (зонда) Starburst XL и электрода Habib 4х Bi-Polar. РЧ термоабляции является эффективным методом лечения онкологических больных с опухолями печени, который в структуре комбинированного лечения метастазов позволяет добиться уровня двухлетней выживаемости больных с одним очагом до 6 см в диаметре или двумя очагами до 4 см в диаметре (в 62% случаев)

Fluorinated Surface of Carbon Nanotube Buckypaper for Uniform Growth of CdS Nanoparticles

Interfacial interactions between CdS species and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) determine the architecture and optical characteristics of CdS/MWCNT hybrids. The effect of fluorinated surface of MWCNT buckypaper on the decoration with CdS nanoparticles from an ammonia solution of cadmium(II) chloride and thiourea has been studied. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the fluorinated carbon surface provides more dense growth and uniform distribution of CdS nanoparticles. X-ray photoelectron and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies revealed a partial defluorination of the nanotubes and the formation of elemental sulfur as a result of a joint action of thiourea and ammonia. The carbon atoms freed of fluorine were found from density functional theory calculations to be active sites for attachment of Cd(II) complexes present in the chemical bath and subsequent growth of CdS nanoparticles. The obtained hybrid possesses dual photoluminescence from fluorinated MWCNTs and CdS nanoparticles. Under applied electric field, it emits blue light that is possible only for very small CdS nanocrystals. This work provides a concept for fabrication of CNT-based hybrid structures with the high density of semiconducting nanoparticles for optoelectronic applications

Application of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in peritoneal carcinomatosis treatment (review)

Использование циторедуктивной хирургии (CRS) и HIPEC (Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy) делает перитонеальный карциноматоз потенциально излечимым заболеванием. Независимо от происхождения, положительные результаты, минимальная смертность и рецидивы зависят от общего состояния пациента, распространенности опухоли, наличия метастазов в брюшной полости и полноты циторезекции. Для получения обнадеживающих результатов особенно важно обеспечить раннюю диагностику и правильный выбор стратегии ведения пациента.Використання циторедуктівной хірургії та HIPEC робить перитонеальний карциноматоз потенційно виліковним захворюванням. Незалежно від походження, позитивні результати, мінімальна смертність і рецидиви залежать від загального стану пацієнта, поширеності пухлини, наявності метастазів в черевній порожнині та повноти циторезекціі. Для отримання обнадійливих результатів особливо важливо забезпечити ранню діагностику і правильний вибір стратегії ведення пацієнта.Use of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and HIPEC (Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy) makes the Peritoneal carcinomatosis is potentially curable disease. Regardless of the origin, positive results, a minimum mortality and relapse depend on the general condition of the patient, the tumor spread, presence of metastases in the abdomen and completeness of cytoreductive surgery. For encouraging results especially important to ensure early diagnosis and correct choice of patient management strategies

Effect of boron and nitrogen additives on structure and transportproperties of arc-produced carbon

We have studied the effect of introduction of boron, nitrogen or both elements into an electric arc on the morphology and the conductivity of the resultant carbon products. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies showed that the use of a boron-filled graphite electrode and a nitrogen gas during the arc discharge synthesis strongly affects the growth kinetics of carbon nanoparticles. The addition of boron promotes the formation of short, defective carbon nanotubes. In contrast, involvement of nitrogen in the synthesis process produces more perfect carbon nanostructures, including graphitic plates. Evaporation of a boron-filled electrode in a nitrogen atmosphere leads to BN co-doping of the carbon product. The concentration of each dopant is ca. 1 at.% and this value is twice greater than that for the cases of individual dopants. Among the studied materials, the BN-doped one possessed the highest conductivity, and this was attributed to the synergetic effect of co-doping. A substitution of carbon atoms by boron or nitrogen resulted in the p- or n-type doping of the samples, respectively. The evolution of conductivity with temperature and magnetic field showed that transport properties of the arc discharge synthesis products are strongly dependent on the charge carrier concentration, morphology and crystallinity of carbon nanoparticles

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Red Phosphorus in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Effect of Surface and Encapsulated Phosphorus

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with their high surface area, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and elasticity are an ideal component for the development of composite electrode materials for batteries. Red phosphorus has a very high theoretical capacity with respect to lithium, but has poor conductivity and expends considerably as a result of the reaction with lithium ions. In this work, we compare the electrochemical performance of commercial SWCNTs with red phosphorus deposited on the outer surface of nanotubes and/or encapsulated in internal channels of nanotubes in lithium-ion batteries. External phosphorus, condensed from vapors, is easily oxidized upon contact with the environment and only the un-oxidized phosphorus cores participate in electrochemical reactions. The support of the SWCNT network ensures a stable long-term cycling for these phosphorus particles. The tubular space inside the SWCNTs stimulate the formation of chain phosphorus structures. The chains reversibly interact with lithium ions and provide a specific capacity of 1545 mAh·g−1 (calculated on the mass of phosphorus in the sample) at a current density of 0.1 A·g−1. As compared to the sample containing external phosphorus, SWCNTs with encapsulated phosphorus demonstrate higher reaction rates and a slight loss of initial capacity (~7%) on the 1000th cycle at 5 A·g−1

Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of platinum during the procedure hipec with cisplatin in peritoneal carcinomatosis treatment

Проведено пилотное исследование токсикокинетики и токсикодинамики при проведении процедуры HIPEC с использованием цисплатина при канцероматозе брюшины. Показано, что платина попадает в системный кровоток и выводится с мочой. Максимум выведения приходится на 1 сутки. Биохимические анализы показывают начальные явления гепато- и нефротоксичности. После HIPEC достоверно снижается концентрация цинка в крови.Проведено пілотне дослідження токсикокінетики і токсікодінамікі при проведенні процедури HIPEC з використанням цисплатину при канцероматозі очеревини. Показано, що платина потрапляє в системний кровотік і виводиться з сечею. Максимум виведення доводиться на 1 добу. Біохімічні аналізи крові показують початкові явища гепатоі нефротоксичності. Після HIPEC достовірно знижується концентрація цинку в крові.A pilot study of toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics during HIPEC treatments with cisplatin in carcinomatosis treatment. It is shown that the platinum reaches the systemic circulation and is excreted in urine. Maximum excretion accounts for 1 day. Biochemical analyzes show initial effects hepato-and nephrotoxicity. After a HIPEC significantly reduced the concentration of zinc in the blood

Багатофакторний аналіз залежності експресії онкобілків за раку шлунку

The total of 26 patients operated on for gastric cancer in the period of 2007–2011 was included in the study performed on the basis of the Abdominal Oncology Surgery Department at the CHPI “Odessa Regional Oncologic Dispensary”. In all cases, the so-called lymph node dissections were carried out based on principle considerations, i.e. extensive prophylactic biopsies of visually unchanged lymph nodes. A multifactor analysis of p53, VEGFR-3, Her2/new oncoproteins expression and Ki67 proliferative tumor activity dependence on the involvement of the tumor microcirculatory bed (ly, v), local growth (T), the presence of residual tumor tissue (R), the degree of tumor differentiation (G), the degree of regional lymph nodes involvement (N), the microinfiltration type (Inf α, β, Inf) was performed.Всього в дослідження, проведене на базі абдомінального онкохірургічного відділення КУ «Одеський обласний онкологічний диспансер», включено 188 хворих, оперованих з приводу раку шлунка за період 2007–2011 рр. У всіх випадках виконані т.зв. лімфодісекціі з принципових міркувань – великі профілактичні біопсії візуально незмінених лімфовузлів. Проведено багатофакторний аналіз залежності експресії онкобілків p53, VEGFR-3, erbB2 і проліферативної пухлинної активності Ki67 від залученості пухлинного мікроциркуляторного русла (ly, v), місцевого зростання (Т), наявності резидуальної пухлинної тканини (R), ступеня диференціювання пухлини (G), ступеня залученості регіональних лімфовузлів (N), виду мікроінфільтраціі (Inf α, β, Inf Υ)