The Order Calculation in the Engineering Company

Import 23/07/2015Diplomová práce je zpracovávána ve společnosti Hagemann a.s. Celá práce se zabývá kalkulací veřejné zakázky Ministerstva vnitra ČR na dodání speciálně upravených policejních vozidel pro monitoring reálných hrozeb. Diplomová práce je rozdělena na dvě základní části, a to teoretickou část a praktickou část. První z částí je popsána problematika veřejných zakázek a hospodářská činnost v podniku. V druhé části je proveden rozbor předmětu veřejné zakázky. Dále byl zpracován návrh postupu plnění zakázky v prostorách společnosti, na které navazuje cenová kalkulace. V závěru práce jsou výsledky práce vyhodnoceny.Master thesis is processed in the company Hagemann a.s. The thesis deals with the calculation of public procurement from Ministry of the Interior to supply police vehicles specially adapted for monitoring real threats. The thesis is divided into two parts, the theoretical and practical part. The first part describes the issue of public procurement and economic activities in the company. The second part is analyzing subject of the contract. Further was processed a proposal for the execution of the contract in the company's premises, which is followed by a calculation and types of costs. In conclusion, the results of the work are evaluated.345 - Katedra mechanické technologievýborn

The mitochondrial ancestor of bonobos and the origin of their major haplogroups

We report here where the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of bonobos (Pan paniscus) ranged and how they dispersed throughout their current habitat. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecular dating to analyze the time to MRCA (TMRCA) and the major mtDNA haplogroups of wild bonobos were performed using new estimations of divergence time of bonobos from other Pan species to investigate the dispersal routes of bonobos over the forest area of the Congo River’s left bank. The TMRCA of bonobos was estimated to be 0.64 or 0.95 million years ago (Ma). Six major haplogroups had very old origins of 0.38 Ma or older. The reconstruction of the ancestral area revealed the mitochondrial ancestor of the bonobo populations ranged in the eastern area of the current bonobos’ habitat. The haplogroups may have been formed from either the riparian forests along the Congo River or the center of the southern Congo Basin. Fragmentation of the forest refugia during the cooler periods may have greatly affected the formation of the genetic structure of bonobo populations

Genetic diversity for each cohort.

<p>Genetic diversity for each cohort.</p

Possible ancestral ranges (%) for each node in the phylogenetic tree indicated by RASP.

<p>Possible ancestral ranges (%) for each node in the phylogenetic tree indicated by RASP.</p

Genetic diversity for each population.

<p>Genetic diversity for each population.</p

Assumed forest refugia of the bonobos’ habitat during glacial stages.

<p>Forest refugia might have existed stably along the main stream of the Congo River and the center of the southern Congo basin through cooler periods during the Pleistocene. Montane forests may have expanded to the basin in such periods (dotted line).</p

The hypothetical dispersal routs of bonobo populations since the mid-Pleistocene.

<p>The areas of A’ and B’ represent the area of the MRCA of bonobos. Other hatched areas indicate the core refugia for the main haplogroups. Arrows in each color indicates the dispersal routs of each haplogroup. A dotted red arrow means another possible dispersion route for haplogroup B.</p

Distribution of <i>Pan</i> species in central Africa and sampling areas for mtDNA of bonobos.

<p>Sampling populations are expressed as small circles with area codes.</p

Genetic distances among three cohorts.

<p>Three circles mean east, central and west cohort respectively. Numeric values in double-headed arrows indicate F_ST distances among three cohorts calculated by UPGMA (the left tree).</p

Genetic diversity for each cohort.

<p>Genetic diversity for each cohort.</p