Exciton Mediated Superconductivity in PrOs4Sb12

The most important character of the exotic superconductor PrOs4Sb12 is the existence of low-lying excitations (excitons) with a finite energy gap and it appears as the magnetic field-induced order above 4.5 T. We focus on the a_u conduction band, which hybridizes with a Pr 4f^2 state strongly, coupled to the excitons. It results in an attractive interaction between the conduction electrons. The symmetry of the superconducting order parameter is determined by dispersion relation of the exciton. For the bcc system PrOs4Sb12, a d-wave state [kx ky + omega ky kz + omega^2 kz kx, omega=exp(pm i 2 pi/3)] is stabilized with broken time reversal symmetry.Comment: 4 page

ECG Response of Koalas to Tourists Proximity: A Preliminary Study

Koalas operate on a tight energy budget and, thus, may not always display behavioral avoidance reaction when placed in a stressful condition. We investigated the physiological response of captive koalas Phascolarctos cinereus in a conservation centre to the presence of tourists walking through their habitat. We compared, using animal-attached data-recorders, the electrocardiogram activity of female koalas in contact with tourists and in a human-free area. One of the koalas in the tourist zone presented elevated heart rate values and variability throughout the recording period. The remaining female in the exhibit area showed a higher field resting heart rates during the daytime than that in the isolated area. In the evening, heart rate profiles changed drastically and both the koalas in the exhibit and in the tourist-free zones displayed similar field resting heart rates, which were lower than those during the day. In parallel, the autonomic nervous systems of these two individuals evolved from sympathetic-dominant during the day to parasympathetic-dominant in the evening. Our results report ECG of free-living koalas for the first time. Although they are preliminary due to the difficulty of having sufficient samples of animals of the same sex and age, our results stress out the importance of studies investigating the physiological reaction of animals to tourists

ダイガク ノ カンリ エイヨウシ キョウイク ニオケル タショクシュ キョウドウ エノ リカイ ト ショクギョウテキ アイデンティティ ケイセイ オ ウナガス プロジェクト ガクシュウガタ キョウイクホウ ノ ケントウ

目的：「専門職ネットワーク演習」でのプロジェクト学習型教育法導入が多職種協働の意義を理解し職業的アイデンティティ（PI）形成促進に有効か検証した。方法：プロジェクト学習型の授業形態及び現場の管理栄養士と対話するフィールドワークを導入した。医師・看護師等と協働する臨床栄養、調理師等と協働する給食及びトレーナー等と協働するスポーツ栄養の各職場を想定し学生主体でテーマを決めた。ワークシート（WS）、最終レポート、リフレクションシート（RS）を用いて質的・量的に分析した。結果：WSの回答内容は授業２回より14回目で管理栄養士のネットワーク、連携の理由、必要な能力について量的・質的に充実した。最終レポートでは「学ぶ」と「自分」「働く」が共起し、RSでは「考える」と「連携」「必要」「知る」が共起し、自己評価では「他職種協働の意義・難しさ」の理解が３点満点であった。結論：本演習は多職種協働の意義を理解し、専門的知識・技能・態度を高める努力の必要性を学び、管理栄養士としてのPI形成に役立ったと考えられる。今後は他職種の理解や協働する技術の習得を促す教育内容の充実を図るため授業計画の検討が必要である。Objective：In the “Professional Network Exercise,” we adopted a new project-based learning program in which students decided their own theme: plan and work with small groups, or conduct fieldwork to interact with professional registered dietitians. We discussed whether this program was effective for the students’ realizing the purpose of interprofessional collaboration and promoting the formation of a professional identity as a registered dietitian.Methods：Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted for eight students, using class worksheets, final reports, and reflection sheets.Results：Judging from the worksheets, qualitative and quantitative improvements were seen in students in the second-to-last class regarding knowledge of the registered dietitian network; the reason why interprofessional collaboration is necessary; and the abilities needed to collaborate with other professionals. In the final reporting document, “Learn” co-occurred with “Self” and “Work.” On the reflection sheet, “Thinking” co-occurred with “Collaboration,” “Necessity,” and “Knowing.” Among the 25-item questionnaire for self-assessment in the reflection sheet, the highest average score was three out of three, which was detected in “Understanding importance of collaborating with other professionals” and “Understanding difficulty of collaborating with other professionals.”Conclusion：This exercise reinforced the level of understanding on the significance of interprofessional collaboration, and the abilities necessary for such collaboration. Students learned the specialized knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to be registered dietitians, and the need for further efforts to obtain them. It was also useful for forming a professional identity as a registered dietitian. However, in order to continue this educational program while maintaining its quality, further discussion about the program itself and the evaluations that follow will be necessary

ルーブリック オ シヨウシタ カンリ エイヨウシ ヨウセイ カテイ ニオケル リンチ ジッシュウ ノ ヒョウカ

【目的】管理栄養士養成課程において、学生の臨地実習の事前事後の学修成果について到達度評価に適しているとされるルーブリックを用いて評価し、総合演習を含む事前事後指導の在り方を振り返る。【方法】本校において設定された管理栄養士養成課程におけるルーブリックによる自己評価を臨地実習の事前と事後に実施し学修成果を分析した。【結果及び考察】臨地実習前の評価では、３年生女性では、主体性及びコミュニケーション力を除いた４項目（課題設定・解決力、情報活用力、知識と情報の統合力、職業観）で評価規準３または４と評価した学生が少なく、知識と情報の統合力の評価規準を１と評価した学生が２割いた。３年生男性は、コミュニケーション力の評価は高いが、その他の５項目（主体性、課題設定・解決力、情報活用力、知識と情報の統合力、職業観）の評価が低かった。またコミュニケーション力以外の項目で３年生の女性と同様に評価規準４と評価した割合が低かった。４年生の女性は、知識と情報の統合力の項目を除いた５項目（主体性、コミュニケーション力、課題設定・解決力、情報活用力、職業観）について半数以上の学生が評価規準３または４と評価し３年生女性より評価規準が高かった。男性については、該当人数が４名と少ないが、すべての項目で評価規準２または３と評価し評価規準４と評価した学生はいなかった。臨地実習後の評価については、３年生女性は課題設定・解決力が若干低かったが、それ以外の５項目について評価規準３または４と評価した学生が多くなり、３年生の男性は、主体性及び情報活用力以外の４項目について評価規準３または４と評価した学生が多かった。４年生女性の事後評価では、評価基準の各項目において評価規準３と評価した割合が高くなり評価規準４と評価した割合が減少した。４年生の男性は主体性及び情報活用力を除いて全員が評価規準３または４と評価した。どの項目も実習後の評価は評価規準３または４に評価した学生が増加し、その割合は６割強以上となり、管理栄養士として備えたい必要な力についておおむね獲得できたこと、本大学の学生は社会における管理栄養士としての資質（知識、技術、態度）についての理解が臨地実習後におおむね獲得できたという評価となり、今回用いた「管理栄養士課程における臨地実習ルーブリック」により臨地実習の教育効果を可視化できたととらえることができた

Development of catalyst complexes for upgrading biomass into ester-based biolubricants for automotive applications: a review

Biomass-derived oils are recognised as the most promising renewable resources for the production of ester-based biolubricants due to their biodegradable, non-toxic and metal adhering properties. Homogeneous acid catalysts have been conventionally used in catalytic esterification and transesterification for the synthesis of ester-based biolubricants. Although homogeneous acid catalysts encounter difficulty during phase separation, they exhibit superior selectivity and good stereochemistry and regiochemistry control in the reaction. Consequently, transition metal complex catalysts (also known as homogeneous organometallic catalysts) are proposed for biolubricant synthesis in order to achieve a higher selectivity and conversion. Herein, the potential of both homogeneous transition metal complexes and heterogeneous supported metal complexes towards the synthesis of biolubricants, particularly, in esterification and transesterification, as well as the upgrading process, including hydrogenation and in situ hydrogenation–esterification, is critically reviewed