Optimization of preparation of activated carbon from Ricinus communis leaves by microwave – Assisted Zinc Chloride chemical activation: Competitive adsorption of Ni2+ ions from aqueous solution,

e preparation of activated carbon (AC) from Ricinus communis leaves was investigated in this paper. Orthogonal array experimental design method was used to optimize the preparation of AC using microwave assisted zinc chloride. Optimized parameters were radiation power of 100 W, radiation time of 8 min, concentration of zinc chloride of 30% by volume, and impregnation time of 24 h, respectively. e surface characteristics of the AC prepared under optimized conditions were examined by pH ZPC , SEM-EDAX, XRD, and FTIR. Competitive adsorption of Ni 2+ ions on Ricinus communis leaves by microwave assisted zinc chloride chemical activation (ZLRC) present in binary and ternary mixture was compared with the single metal solution. e effects of the presence of one metal ion on the adsorption of the other metal ion were investigated. e experimental results indicated that the uptake capacity of one metal ion was reduced by the presence of the other metal ion. e extent of adsorption capacity of the binary and ternary metal ions tested on ZLRC was low (48-69%) as compared to single metal ions. Comparisons with the biosorption of Ni 2+ ions by the biomass of ZLRC in the binary and ternary solution (67.32-57.07%-∼Ni-Cu and Cr) could lead to the conclusion that biosorption of Ni 2+ ions was reduced by the in�uence of Cu 2+ and Cr 3+ ions. e e�uilibrium data of the adsorption was well �tted to the Langmuir isotherm. e adsorption process follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Curkolin® (Curcuma longa and Coleus forskohlii formulation)

751-756The aim of this study was to screen the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity effect of Curkolin®, a combination of curcumin and C. forskolin in the ratio 4:1. Curcuma longa L. is the source of curcumin while C. forskohlii has been used in traditional ayurvedic medicine for curing various disorders and therefore the forskolin is the source of the diterpenoids. The medicinal properties of plants are investigated throughout the world for scientific advancement for their important pharmacological activities, user convenient, economically viable with low toxicity. The antioxidant property of Curkolin® was determined to be 55.42 µg/ml using (Diphenyl picryl hydrazine) DPPH assay and was then compared with standard Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The antimicrobial activity was assessed by calculating the MIC and MBC using microplate serial dilution technique. It exhibited 250 µg/ml, the least MIC value of Bacillus cereus as compared to the rest Gram-positive (Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi) bacteria. Further, it was analyzed for cytotoxic screening on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line by MTT assay, which has shown a strong anti-proliferative activity. The IC50 values of Curkolin® were found 135.8 μg/ml. Together these results suggest the combination to be an effective antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic agent

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Curkolin® (Curcuma longa and Coleus forskohlii formulation)

The aim of this study was to screen the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity effect of Curkolin®, a combination of curcumin and C. forskolin in the ratio 4:1. Curcuma longa L. is the source of curcumin while C. forskohlii has been used in traditional ayurvedic medicine for curing various disorders and therefore the forskolin is the source of the diterpenoids. The medicinal properties of plants are investigated throughout the world for scientific advancement for their important pharmacological activities, user convenient, economically viable with low toxicity. The antioxidant property of Curkolin® was determined to be 55.42 µg/ml using (Diphenyl picryl hydrazine) DPPH assay and was then compared with standard Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The antimicrobial activity was assessed by calculating the MIC and MBC using microplate serial dilution technique. It exhibited 250 µg/ml, the least MIC value of Bacillus cereus as compared to the rest Gram-positive (Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi) bacteria. Further, it was analyzed for cytotoxic screening on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line by MTT assay, which has shown a strong anti-proliferative activity. The IC50 values of Curkolin® were found 135.8 μg/ml. Together these results suggest the combination to be an effective antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic agent