Morfometric study on Scorzonera L. taxa (Asteraceae) from northeast Anatolia

Phenetic traits of 39 populations belonging to 19 taxa of Scorzonera L. (Asteraceae) from north Anatolia were analyzed with the use of numerical methods. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that pubescence and length of achenes, the shape of outer phyllaries, and average length of flowering capitula, plant pubescence, root shape and state of the plant stem are the best variables to distinguish the examined taxa. In addition, it was also found that binary are more important than quantitative characters in discriminating the examined Scorzonera taxa. Numerical results based on 25 morphological characters were discussed and compared with traditional taxonomic treatments

New chlorogenic acid derivatives and triterpenoids from Scorzonera aucheriana

Chromatographic separation of n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction of a crude methanol extract obtained from aerial parts of the Scorzonera aucheriana DC collected from Sivas province of Turkey yielded nine natural compounds; two new 3-caffeoyl-quinic acid analogs (1-2), one new taraxasterol oleate (3), and six known triterpenoids taraxasterol (4), taraxasterol acetate (5), ptiloepoxide (6), lupeol (7), lupeol acetate (8), and beta-sitosterol (9) were characterized. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of NMR (H-1, C-13, COSY, HMBC, HSQC, and TOCSY), UV, FT-IR and LC-Q-TOF-MS spectrometric data

Tragopogon abbreviatus (Asteraceae): a little-known species inferred from morphological and molecular analysis

Tragopogon porrifolius occurs in Turkey with 3 taxonomically confused subspecies: T. porrifolius subsp. eriospermus, T. porrifolius subsp. longirostris, and T. porrifolius subsp. abbreviatus. In the present paper, T. porrifolius subsp. abbreviatus endemic to Turkey is raised at specific level based on morphological and molecular analysis. After detailed assessment of original herbarium specimens and literature studies, we found that this name is not typified yet. Thus, a lectotype is provided together with an emended diagnosis; synonym, distribution map, and conservation status for the first time. Additionally, a preliminary phylogenetic position of this little-known taxon is given on several newly sequenced data

Evaluation of the taxonomic status of Scorzonera hieraciifolia (Asteraceae) in the light of current data

Bu çalışmada, halofitik endemik Scorzonera hieraciifolia (Asteraceae)’nın morfolojisi, küresel ölçekteki tehtit seviyesi ve taksonomik durumu yeni veriler ışığında ele alınmıştır. Türün doğal yayılış gösterdiği alanlardan yeni toplanan ve ulusal/uluslararası herbaryumlarda saklanan örnekler üzerinden yapılan detaylı incelemeler S. hieraciifolia taksonunun kısa kıvrık tüylü (crisped) gövde tabanı; basit (lanseolat, ovat veya eliptik) veya birleşik (pinnat derin linear parçalı) yaprak ayası; ovat ve ucu boynuzsu uzantılı dış fillarileri (corniculate); tüysüz veya seyrek uzun kıvrık yünsü tüylü (lanate), 4-6 mm uzunlukta, siğilli (verrucose) yüzey süslemeli ve saplı (stipitate) akenleri ile karakterize olduğunu göstermiştir. Türün halihazırda tuzlu bataklık ve bozkır alanlarda tespit edilen popülasyonlarının (10 farklı alan) güçlü olduğu ancak küresel iklim değişimleri etkisiyle tuzcul alanlarda oluşabilecek değişimlerden etkilenebileceği öngörülerek küresel ölçekte tehdite yakın (NT) kategorisinde değerlendirilmiştir. Gerek literatür gerekse TÜBİTAK tarafından desteklenen proje kapsamında elde edilen güncel veriler değerlendirilerek türün yayılış alanları ortaya konulmuştur. Son olarak S. hieraciifolia yakın (akraba) türler ile morfolojik ve korolojik açısından karşılaştırılarak taksonomik durumu netleştirilmiştir.In this study, the morphology, global threat level and taxonomic status of the halophytic endemic Scorzonera hieraciifolia (Asteraceae) was investigated of new data. Detailed examinations on newly collected samples from the natural areas of the species and the specimens kept in national/international herbaria indicated that S. hieraciifolia is characterized by crisped hairs at the stem base; simple (lanceolate, ovate or elliptical) or compound (pinnate with deeply linear segments) leaves, ovate and corniculate outer phyllaries; glabrous or lanate, 4-6 mm length, verrucose and stipitate achenes. The populations of the species currently detected in salt marsh and steppe areas (10 different areas) are appraised strong, however considering that it could be affected by changes that may occur in saline areas due to global climate changes. It has evaluated in near threatened (NT) category in a global scale. The distribution areas of the species were revealed by evaluating both the literature and current data obtained within the scope of the project supported by TUBITAK. Finally, the taxonomic status of S. hieraciifolia has been clarified by comparing with close (relative) species in terms of morphology and chorology

A conspectus of Scorzonera s.l. in Turkey

A comprehensive taxonomic study based on comparative morphology of Scorzonera , here maintained in its wide sense, is presented for the territory of Turkey. Tis study has produced several changes of classifcation at sectional and species ranks. An updated list of Scorzonera taxa occurring in Turkey, along with their infrageneric classifcation, is provided. A new section, S. sect. Anatolia Makbul & Coskunç., is described. Chromosome numbers, threat categories, and distribution maps are given for 6 endemic taxa (S. boissieri, S. karabelensis, S. longiana , S. sandrasica , S. ulrichii, and S. zorkunensis) placed in or transferred to the newly described section. A revised identifcation key to all Scorzonera species in Turkey is presented

Pollen morphology and anatomical features of Lilium (Liliaceae) taxa from Turkey

Coskuncelebi, Kamil/0000-0001-5713-6628;WOS: 000342440900005In this study, pollen grains and anatomical features of Turkish lilies were investigated under the electron (SEM) and light (LM) microscope. LM and SEM observations showed that the pollen grains are monosulcate, heteropolar, elliptical in polar view and oblate. Numerical results based on combined palynological and anatomical characters were discussed and compared with traditional taxonomic treatments. It was found that the midrib shape, mesophyll type, P/E (polar/equatorial), sulcus length, and lumina width are the most valuable traits in separating the examined taxa. the numerical analysis showed that Lilium candidum L. differs from the rest Turkish Lilium and also confirmed a close relationship between L. szovitsianum Fisch. & Av,-Lall. and L. armenum Miscz. ex Grossh. Also this study is the first report dealing with anatomical and palynological features of all Turkish lilies.RUBAP [2009.102.03.4]The authors extend their thanks to RUBAP (Project number 2009.102.03.4) for the financial support

Caucasoseris, a new genus of subtribe Chondrillinae (Asteraceae: Cichorieae) for the enigmatic Prenanthes abietina

A new genus, Caucasoseris, is established to accommodate Prenanthes abietina, a species of hitherto uncertain systematic position distributed in the western Caucasus and northeasternmost Turkey in montane conifer and mixed forests. Agreement has existed that the species belongs somewhere in the Crepidinae or Lactucinae but its morphological features do not match any genus and previous molecular phylogenetic analyses could not establish its sister group. This study provides additional micro- and macromorphological, palynological and anatomical data, and used a molecular phylogenetic sampling designed to ascertain its relationship. A sister group relationship with the Chondrillinae is inferred from the phylogenetic tree based on nrITS. In the plastid DNA tree, where the Chondrillinae are resolved as a clade nested inside the Crepidinae, the species is resolved further remote from the Chondrillinae clade and in a rather early diverging position of the Crepidinae. In agreement also with the anatomical and microand macromorphological findings, it is considered an orphan lineage with affinities to the Chondrillinae, best treated as a genus of its own. A key to the genera of the Chondrillinae including Caucasoseris is provided.Peer reviewe

Caucasoseris, a new genus of subtribe Chondrillinae (Asteraceae: Cichorieae) for the enigmatic Prenanthes abietina

A new genus, Caucasoseris, is established to accommodate Prenanthes abietina, a species of hitherto uncertain systematic position distributed in the western Caucasus and northeasternmost Turkey in montane conifer and mixed forests. Agreement has existed that the species belongs somewhere in the Crepidinae or Lactucinae but its morphological features do not match any genus and previous molecular phylogenetic analyses could not establish its sister group. This study provides additional micro- and macromorphological, palynological and anatomical data, and used a molecular phylogenetic sampling designed to ascertain its relationship. A sister group relationship with the Chondrillinae is inferred from the phylogenetic tree based on nrITS. In the plastid DNA tree, where the Chondrillinae are resolved as a clade nested inside the Crepidinae, the species is resolved further remote from the Chondrillinae clade and in a rather early diverging position of the Crepidinae. In agreement also with the anatomical and microand macromorphological findings, it is considered an orphan lineage with affinities to the Chondrillinae, best treated as a genus of its own. A key to the genera of the Chondrillinae including Caucasoseris is provided.Peer reviewe

A new replacement name for the Turkish Vincetoxicum anatolicum S.Guven, S.Makbul & Coskunc. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae)

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Studies on the achene morphology of Turkish species of Scorzonera L. (Asteraceae) using light and scanning electron microscopy

Coskuncelebi, Kamil/0000-0001-5713-6628WOS: 000377278600001Macro- and micromorphological features of achenes belonging to 59 taxa from Turkey were observed via light and scanning electron microscopy. the findings agree with the traditional subdivision of Scorzonera into S. subg. Scorzonera, S. subg. Podospermum and S. subg. Pseudopodospermum. Members of S. subg. Podospermum were distinguished by achenes with a distinct carpopodium and horizontally striped epidermal cell surface; members of S. subg. Pseudopodospermum were distinguished by achenes with a conspicuous carpopodium and often ruminate and sometimes rugose-granulate or smooth epidermal surface, and members of Scorzonera s.str were distinguished by achenes without a carpopodium and with various combinations of surface patterns. the results also showed that the length, pubescence and surface pattern of achenes, as well as the carpopodium and anticlinal and periclinal walls of the epidermal cells are valuable for delimiting the examined species within the genus.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [109T972]The authors would like to express their thanks to the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Project number: 109T972) for financial support