E-Learning im Deutschunterricht – Beispiel Telelernen

In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, ob sich Telelernen als Unterrichtsform eignet, wie Unterricht, insbesondere der Deutschunterricht durch Telelernen ergänzt oder sogar – bei Bedarf – ersetzt werden kann und welche didaktischen Voraussetzungen für den Einsatz von Telelernen erfüllt sein müssen. Basierend auf aktuellen Studien und durchgeführten Projekten wird ein Kriterienkatalog entwickelt, welche didaktischen Aspekte beim Telelernen zu berücksichtigen sind. Dieser Kriterienkatalog wird im Rahmen eines Musterprojektes im Fach Deutsch exemplarisch umgesetzt. Unter „Deutschunterricht“ wird hier nicht nur der Unterricht im Rahmen des traditionellen Unterrichtens an inländischen Schulen für Schüler deutscher Muttersprache verstanden, sondern ebenfalls Unterricht beispielsweise an deutschen Schulen im Ausland. Diese Arbeit wird die wichtigsten Aspekte des Unterrichtens von Deutsch als Fremdsprache kurz anschneiden, beschäftigt sich aber hauptsächlich mit dem Unterrichten von Deutsch als Muttersprache und zeigt exemplarisch auf, wie Telelernen im Rahmen des Literaturunterrichts in einer Unterrichtseinheit zur Barocklyrik für Schüler der neunten Klasse eines bayerischen Gymnasiums eingesetzt werden kann

A Stated Preference Investigation into the Chinese Demand for Farmed vs. Wild Bear Bile

Farming of animals and plants has recently been considered not merely as a more efficient and plentiful supply of their products but also as a means of protecting wild populations from that trade. Amongst these nascent farming products might be listed bear bile. Bear bile has been exploited by traditional Chinese medicinalists for millennia. Since the 1980s consumers have had the options of: illegal wild gall bladders, bile extracted from caged live bears or the acid synthesised chemically. Despite these alternatives bears continue to be harvested from the wild. In this paper we use stated preference techniques using a random sample of the Chinese population to estimate demand functions for wild bear bile with and without competition from farmed bear bile. We find a willingness to pay considerably more for wild bear bile than farmed. Wild bear bile has low own price elasticity and cross price elasticity with farmed bear bile. The ability of farmed bear bile to reduce demand for wild bear bile is at best limited and, at prevailing prices, may be close to zero or have the opposite effect. The demand functions estimated suggest that the own price elasticity of wild bear bile is lower when competing with farmed bear bile than when it is the only option available. This means that the incumbent product may actually sell more items at a higher price when competing than when alone in the market. This finding may be of broader interest to behavioural economists as we argue that one explanation may be that as product choice increases price has less impact on decision making. For the wildlife farming debate this indicates that at some prices the introduction of farmed competition might increase the demand for the wild product

Belonging in distance learning: The impact of interaction during the COVID-19 pandemic

[EN] The COVID-19 pandemic has created a unique situation in which higher education institutions, teachers, researchers, and students prove their ability to continue education online. In a longitudinal panel study at a German university, we investigated how freshmen and students in higher semesters (n = 72) cope with the online winter semester 2020/21. Commonly, a sense of belonging to a university is highly determined by academic and social engagement and positively impacts academic success and motivation. Due to the pandemic, the interaction between students, lecturers, and learning materials was limited to digital communication. The results reveal that interaction (student-to-content, student-to-staff, and student-to-student) hardly correlates with a sense of belonging, whereas correlations between interaction and academic success as well as motivation. Mainka, A.; Kötter, J.; Kukharenka, N.; Brinkmeier, M. (2022). Belonging in distance learning: The impact of interaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. En 8th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd'22). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1093-1100. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd22.2022.144171093110

MS-based targeted metabolomics of eicosanoids and other oxylipins: Analytical variability and interlaboratory comparison of esterified oxylipin profile

IntroductionOxylipins are potent lipid mediators involved in numerous physiological and pathological processesand their quantitative profiling has gained a lot of attention [1]. To maximize the utility of theoxylipin profiling in clinical research it is now crucial (i) to assess its analytical variability; (ii) todetermine its comparability between laboratories and (iii) to identify putative critical oxylipins. Thesethree main challenges are addressed within the EU JPI HDHL*-Oxygenate project.Technological and methodological innovationTo address the challenges stated above, a SOP was established by a reference laboratory for the MSbasedtargeted metabolomics of total oxylipins (free + esterified, ~160 oxylipins) in human plasma[2]. The intra- and inter-day variabilities of each oxylipin were assessed. Then, the SOP wastransferred to 4 independent laboratories together with mixtures of internal standards, calibrantsand 7 different pools of plasma to determine the comparability of oxylipin profiles between labs.Results and impactThe cumulated intra-/inter-day variabilities revealed that 68 % of oxylipins (>LLOQ) have a CV<20%.The interlab-variability was low and dependent on the type of plasma analyzed. Overall, our resultsshow that the MS-based profiling of total oxylipins in human plasma is a robust tool for clinicalresearch. Moreover, the comparability of oxylipin profiles will allow generating large-scale databasesallowing a better understanding of the relationships between oxylipins and human health.References[1] Gladine C. et al. 2019. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 144 (2019) 72–89[2] Ostermann et al. 2019. Prostag Oth Lipid M. DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106384*Joint Programming Initiative “A healthy diet for a healthy life

Profilage lipidomique des oxylipines pour mieux caractériser le syndrome cardiométabolique et ses liens avec l’alimentation

Session IV: Obésité (Modérateurs : K. Couturier et J.A. Nazare)Le syndrome cardiométabolique est un désordre complexe et progressif qui constitue un facteur de risque significatif de maladies cardiovasculaires et de diabète de type II. Il se caractérise par l’association d’au moins trois anomalies incluant un tour de taille élevé, une pression sanguine haute, une hyperglycémie, une hypertriglycéridémie et un taux faible de HDL-cholestérol. Le diagnostic et la prise en charge du syndrome cardiométabolique reste insatisfaisant car il est souvent trop tardif et pas assez intégratif. Les oxylipines, métabolites issus de l’oxygénation des acides gras polyinsaturés, sont des médiateurs lipidiques impliqués dans la régulation de nombreux processus biologiques en lien avec le développement du syndrome cardiométabolique. Par ailleurs, la synthèse des oxylipines est modulable par l’alimentation. Dans le cadre du projet JPI-HDHL OXYGENATE, nous avons émis l’hypothèse que la signature d’oxylipines pourrait permettre d’identifier des perturbations précoces du statut cardiométabolique et pourrait aider à suivre l’effet d’une intervention nutritionnelle sur la prise en charge du syndrome cardiométabolique. Le projet OXYGENATE a pour but d’identifier et valider les signatures d’oxylipines caractéristiques du statut cardiométabolique et de son évolution

Harmonized procedures lead to comparable quantification of total oxylipins across laboratories

International audienceOxylipins are potent lipid mediators involved in a variety of physiological processes. Their profiling has the potential to provide a wealth of information regarding human health and disease and is a promising technology for translation into clinical applications. However, results generated by independent groups are rarely comparable, which increases the need for the implementation of internationally agreed upon protocols. We performed an interlaboratory comparison for the MS-based quantitative analysis of total oxylipins. Five independent laboratories assessed the technical variability and comparability of 133 oxylipins using a harmonized and standardized protocol, common biological materials (i.e., seven quality control plasmas), standard calibration series, and analytical methods. The quantitative analysis was based on a standard calibration series with isotopically labeled internal standards. Using the standardized protocol, the technical variance was within +/- 15% for 73% of oxylipins; however, most epoxy fatty acids were identified as critical analytes due to high variabilities in concentrations. The comparability of concentrations determined by the laboratories was examined using consensus value estimates and unsupervised/supervised multivariate analysis (i.e., principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis). Interlaboratory variability was limited and did not interfere with our ability to distinguish the different plasmas. Moreover, all laboratories were able to identify similar differences between plasmas. In summary, we show that by using a standardized protocol for sample preparation, low technical variability can be achieved. Harmonization of all oxylipin extraction and analysis steps led to reliable, reproducible, and comparable oxylipin concentrations in independent laboratories, allowing the generation of biologically meaningful oxylipin patterns