A spectral collocation technique based on integrated Chebyshev polynomials for biharmonic problems in irregular domains

In this paper, an integral collocation approach based on Chebyshev polynomials for numerically solving biharmonic equations [N. Mai-Duy, R.I. Tanner, A spectral collocation method based on integrated Chebyshev polynomials for biharmonic boundary-value problems, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 201 (1) (2007) 30–47] is further developed for the case of irregularly shaped domains. The problem domain is embedded in a domain of regular shape, which facilitates the use of tensor product grids. Two relevant important issues, namely the description of the boundary of the domain on a tensor product grid and the imposition of double boundary conditions, are handled effectively by means of integration constants. Several schemes of the integral collocation formulation are proposed, and their performances are numerically investigated through the interpolation of a function and the solution of 1D and 2D biharmonic problems. Results obtained show that they yield spectral accuracy

A second-order continuity domain-decomposition technique based on integrated Chebyshev polynomials for two-dimensional elliptic problems

This paper presents a second-order continuity non-overlapping domain decomposition (DD) technique for numerically solving second-order elliptic problems in two-dimensional space. The proposed DD technique uses integrated Chebyshev polynomials to represent the solution in subdomains. The constants of integration are utilized to impose continuity of the second-order normal derivative of the solution at the interior points of subdomain interfaces. To also achieve a C2 (C squared) function at the intersection of interfaces, two additional unknowns are introduced at each intersection point. Numerical results show that the present DD method yields a higher level of accuracy than conventional DD techniques based on differentiated Chebyshev polynomials

Enumerating Polytropes

Polytropes are both ordinary and tropical polytopes. We show that tropical types of polytropes in $\mathbb{TP}^{n-1}$ are in bijection with cones of a certain Gr\"{o}bner fan $\mathcal{GF}_n$ in $\mathbb{R}^{n^2 - n}$ restricted to a small cone called the polytrope region. These in turn are indexed by compatible sets of bipartite and triangle binomials. Geometrically, on the polytrope region, $\mathcal{GF}_n$ is the refinement of two fans: the fan of linearity of the polytrope map appeared in \cite{tran.combi}, and the bipartite binomial fan. This gives two algorithms for enumerating tropical types of polytropes: one via a general Gr\"obner fan software such as \textsf{gfan}, and another via checking compatibility of systems of bipartite and triangle binomials. We use these algorithms to compute types of full-dimensional polytropes for $n = 4$, and maximal polytropes for $n = 5$.Comment: Improved exposition, fixed error in reporting the number maximal polytropes for $n = 6$, fixed error in definition of bipartite binomial

OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND FIRM CASH HOLDINGS: EVIDENCE FROM THE PUBLIC FLOAT IN IPOS

Department of Management EngineeringI examine the effect of insider ownership on the level of cash holding by measuring the percentage of shares issued to the public, namely public float. Using a sample of 4,402 IPOs between 1990 and 2013, I find that public float has significantly negative relation with the level of firm???s cash holdings. Specifically, the reduced insider ownership by large percentage of shares issued to the public seems to motivate insiders to waste more cash, resulting in decrease in the level of cash holding. This relation persists even after controlling for various firm characteristics. High public float (or small insider ownership) also exacerbate agency problem evidenced by public float being positively associated with discretionary accrual proxy for agency problem. The level of cash holding reduced further when we interact public float with discretionary accrual term. Collectively, this finding suggests that large sales in insider ownership in IPO market worsen the agency problem and consequently motivate insider to squander firm???s cash holding.ope

Fungsi Kode dalam Program Acara “Beleter” Tvri Kalbar

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fungsi kode serta faktor yang melatarbelakangi pemilihan kode kebahasaan dalam program acara “Beleter” TVRI Kalbar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif dan bentuk penelitian kualitatif. Teknik dalam pengumpulan data ini yaitu wawancara, studi dokumentasi atau dokumen dan teknik simak, sedangkan alat pengumpul data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari kartu pencatat data, tape recorder, dan lembar pedoman wawancara. Teknik analisa data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yaitu pertama, pengumpulan data, kedua, reduksi data, ketiga, penyajian data, dan keempat, penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan Fungsi kode yang terdapat pada penelitian yaitu terdapat lima fungsi, fungsi emotif, fungsi konatif, fungsi referensial, fungsi puitik dan fungsi fatik. Faktor yang melatarbelakangi pemilihan kode kebahasaan yaitu hal yang sudah direncanakan, pembicara atau penutur, pendengar atau lawan tutur dan Perubahan situasi karena hadirnya orang ketiga

The Diversity and Dynamics of Industrial Organisation: Transformation of Local Assemblers in the Vietnamese Motorcycle Industry

This paper focuses on an emerging arm's-length form of industrial organisation in the motorcycle industry, which had traditionally been characterised by tightly integrated form of organisation. By engaging in how this new form of organisation that emerged in China was transferred to Vietnam and evolved in the Vietnamese context, this paper seeks to illustrate how the rise of local firms in developing countries is driving the increased diversity and dynamics of industrial organisation in an industry that had previously been dominated by TNCs from developed countries.Motorcycles, industrial organisation, motorcycle industry, Asia, China, Vietnam

"Eating alone is painful" : an interdisciplinary and ethnographically inspired sociolinguistic investigation into Vietnamese mealtime ritual invitations : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand

Invitations are a commonplace part of language ritual at meals in Vietnamese culture. They are verbal and non-verbal signals extended around everyday meals and interpreted as offers or invitations for food and/or company at meals. These invitations form communal and familial bonds and serve as a means to maintain hierarchical order. However, the commonly-held misperceptions of these invitations include them being explicitly verbalised, occurring only at meal-starts, and being specific to regions and people groups. Previous studies discussed the language of invitations from a narrow linguistic perspective which led to limited understandings of their nature and of how contextual and social factors govern their usage. My research examines linguistic and cultural perceptions and usage of Vietnamese mealtime ritual invitations (VMRIs) by about 350 native speakers of Vietnamese in New Zealand and Vietnam. My study draws on 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork data, including participant observations, informal talks, diaries, video-recordings, and interviews. This is an interdisciplinary study drawing upon theoretical ideas from Sociolinguistics and Cultural Anthropology to analyse and interpret the data. The main findings are from two perspectives. From a linguistic perspective, VMRIs exhibit several features. Firstly, their linguistic variants are diverse. Secondly, particular linguistic features can express formality, politeness, hierarchical respect, and communicative conventions. Thirdly, key sociocultural variables (age, gender, familiarity, perception, and socio-family status) appear to influence usage. From an anthropological perspective, VMRIs are daily-life ritual practices manifesting the value of food in Vietnamese socio-cultural and historical context of food insecurity, the significance of family meals and meal manners, and the role of women. This study on Vietnamese mealtime ritual invitations expands the conceptual boundaries of invitations as multiplex discourses by showing how context (food and family meals) and other factors (status, familiarity, age, gender, and perception) generate and constrain language use. It also highlights the interrelationship between language and behaviour, the ritual practice of familial bonding during mealtimes, and the role of women in Vietnamese society. The findings emphasise the importance not only of taking account of speakers and hearers’ identities and discursive contexts when interpreting contextual language use but also of identifying those contexts

Certain Simple Maximal Subfields in Division Rings

Let D be a division ring finite dimensional over its center F. The goal of this paper is to prove that for any positive integer n there exists a in D^(n); the n-th multiplicative derived subgroup, such that F(a) is a maximal subfield of D. We also show that a single depth-n iterated additive commutator would generate a maximal subfield of D.Comment: We have made some editorial changes as well as changes in Lemma 9 and Theorem 1