Abjection and Loss of Identity in Richard Yates’ Revolutionary Road

In this harrowing critique of 1950’s America, Richard Yates depicts a young family who while trying to fight their way out of the inundating mediocrity of life by fleeing to Europe, fail in their effort and fall apart. The 30-year-old husband, Frank Wheeler, unable to shake off the ghost of his father, tries to hide his insecurities behind a façade of individuality and intellectuality, while his wife, April, a failed actress, is deeply unhappy in her role as the suburban housewife. Both Wheelers are without a clear sense of self, and instead seek to define themselves by differentiating themselves from those around them. By using the notion of Abjection proposed by Julia Kristeva as a means of self-definition, this article aims to show that this novel depicts how the consumerism and the material obsession of the fifties has made this family abjectify the concept of family and parenthood, and how this idea especially manifests itself in April, as she chooses to turn into the ultimate abject, a corpse, rather than deny herself the last shred of difference from the suburban life by having a third child

Microleakage in Class V Cavities Restored with Sandwich Technique: Self- Etch versus Total-Etch Bonding Systems

Objective: Microleakage has always been a problem in restorative dentistry. To decrease microleakage, modern bonding systems, different application methods and sandwich technique have been recommended. The purpose of this study was to assess the microleakage in class V cavities restored with open sandwich technique using self-etch and total-etch bonding systems.Methods: In this in vitro study, class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 20 extracted sound human third molars and restored with sandwich technique. Fuji II LC glass ionomer (GI) was applied to the cavity floor. After curing, half the cavities received Single Bond and the other half, Clearfil SE Bond application and were all restored with Z250 composite resin. Specimens were immersed in 2% fuchsin solution for 24 hours. After copious water irrigation, specimens were sectioned and evaluated under a stereomicroscope to determine microleakage. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05).Results: The microleakage at the GI-composite interface was less than that at the occlusal and gingival margins; but this difference was not significant. No significant difference was found in microleakage between the two bonding agents in neither of the two layers.Conclusion: The etch & rinse and self-etch systems are similar in terms of microleakage

Study on the Relationship between Love Attitudes and Marital Satisfaction Among Married Women

The purpose of this research was to study the relation between love attitudes with marital satisfaction in women of Tehran. The statistical sample was 150 of married women among 22 regions of Tehran who were selected by Multi-stage cluster sampling. Parakash Marital Satisfaction (1985) and Love Attitude Scale–short form (LAS-SF) (1986) were used to collect data. Pearson correlation and multivariable regression used to analysis data. The result showed that there was a significant and positive relationship between Eros, Storge, Pragma, Agape of love attitudes with marital satisfaction, while Ludus had a negative and significant relationship with marital satisfaction. Stepwise Regression analyses showed that Eros, Pragma, Ludus and Storge of love attitudes were able to predict marital satisfaction

Study on the Relationship between Love Attitudes and Marital Satisfaction Among Married Women

The purpose of this research was to study the relation between love attitudes with marital satisfaction in women of Tehran. The statistical sample was 150 of married women among 22 regions of Tehran who were selected by Multi-stage cluster sampling. Parakash Marital Satisfaction (1985) and Love Attitude Scale–short form (LAS-SF) (1986) were used to collect data. Pearson correlation and multivariable regression used to analysis data. The result showed that there was a significant and positive relationship between Eros, Storge, Pragma, Agape of love attitudes with marital satisfaction, while Ludus had a negative and significant relationship with marital satisfaction. Stepwise Regression analyses showed that Eros, Pragma, Ludus and Storge of love attitudes were able to predict marital satisfaction

Effect of Reverting Channels on Heat Transfer Performance of Microchannels with Different Geometries

This study investigated the effect of reverting microchannels inside a heat sink on increase of cooling rate as well as the effect of their different configurations on maximum temperature and pressure drop. Based on the convection heat transfer mechanism, selection of the embedded microchannels’ configurations including circular, square and triangular ones, was studied for geometric optimization of the discussed heat sinks. The goal was to minimize the thermal resistance through optimizing the geometries. The volume ratio was defined as the ratio of the volume taken up by microchannels to the solid volume (portion of the heat sink not occupied by microchannels) and was considered as 0.05. According to the results, in addition to obtaining a more uniform temperature distribution, reverting channels remarkably reduced the maximum temperature. Moreover, the heat sink with square shape showed less thermal resistance as compared to the other two geometries

Construct validity of the Persian version of the Child Occupational Self-Assessment in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Iran

Objective. This study aimed to assess the construct validity of the Child Occupational Self-Assessment, translated to Persian that could provide occupational therapists with a tool to evaluate occupational competence and values of children in Iran. Methods. A total of 250 children (87 girls and 163 boys) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder aged 7.5–11 years referred from two specialised children’s hospitals were included. The researchers read the questions to the children and they identified their own answers. The data were analysed based on the Rasch Rating Scale Model. Results. Four of the items showed misfit and as a result of deleting these items the Persian version of the questionnaire has 21 items with an appropriate validity. Conclusion. The Persian version of Child Occupational Self-Assessment can be used with new items format. It could be also useful to replace the missing question to develop the tool further

Electrocardiogram Changes in Patients With Acute Ethanol Poisoning

Background: Alcohol consumption leads to a significant number of deaths, mostly in men, worldwide. Considering the effect of ethanol toxicity on the heart, we studied various Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in patients with acute ethanol poisoning. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on patients admitted to Khorshid Hospital (affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences) due to ethanol poisoning. All 15- to 50-year-old patients with acute ethanol intoxication were included in the study (N=250). The patients’ information, including the demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and ECG changes were recorded and analyzed. Different variables were compared between the patients with or without ECG changes.Results: Most of the research patients (n=208) were men (83.82%). The Mean±SD age of the study patients was 26.8±8.87 years. About 54.8% of the patients presented abnormal ECG. The changes in ECG were not significantly different based on the demographic characteristic and clinical manifestations. The time interval between ethanol consumption and admission was significantly higher in patients with abnormal ECG, compared to those with normal ECG (Mean±SD: 7.09±10.67 vs. 4.77± 4.54 hours, respectively) (P=0.03).Conclusion: ECG changes are common in patients with ethanol poisoning. The time interval between ethanol consumption to hospital admission may be an important factor in the occurrence of ECG changes

Characterization of Effective Native Lactic Acid Bacteria as Potential Oral Probiotics on Growth Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans

Background and Objective: Probiotics' effects on harmful oral bacteria have been verifed. As antibiotic resistance becomes a major problem, searching for novel potential species is important. The objective of this study was to select novel safe strains of lactic acid bacteria with potentials as oral probiotics. Furthermore, ability of these strains to suppress growth and attachment of Streptococcus mutans as the most important cariogenic bacteria in tooth decay was investigated. Material and Methods: Initial identification tests, including Gram staining and catalase and oxidase tests, were carried out on 22 strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Iranian traditional dairy products. Safety of the strains was assessed using hemolysis test and antibiotic resistance assessment. Strains were then assessed for probiotic characteristics such inhibition of Streptococcus mutans growth, tolerance to lysozyme enzymes and ability of adhesion as well as ability of decreasing Streptococcus mutans adhesion. Selected strains were identified using16S rRNA molecular method. Results and Conclusion: Of all strains, four strains with the optimal probiotic characteristics were selected. These included one Lactobacillus brevis, one Lactobacillus casei and two Lactobacillus paraceasei. These four strains showed strong antimicrobial characteristics against Streptococcus mutans, were resistant to oral lysozyme enzymes and included high adhesion abilities to polystyrene wells. Furthermore, they decreased Streptococcus mutans attachment; thus, biofilm formation by this bacterium was prevented. These strains were recognized as safe strains since they were approved in assessments of antibiotic susceptibility and hemolytic activity. Therefore, these four strains are suggested as oral probiotics. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest

Study of Pluto's Atmosphere Based on 2020 Stellar Occultation Light Curve Results

On 6 Jun 2020, Pluto's stellar occultation was successfully observed at a ground-based observatory and Pluto's atmospheric parameters were investigated. We used an atmospheric model of Pluto (DO15), assuming a spherical and transparent pure N2 atmosphere. Using ray-tracing code the stellar occultation light curve was satisfactorily fitted to this model. We found that Pluto's atmospheric pressure at the reference radius of 1215 km is 6.72+_0.21 {\mu}bar. Our estimated pressure shows a continuation of the increasing pressure studied in 2016 consistent with a seasonal volatile transport model. We concluded that the N2 condensation processes in the Sputnik Planitia glacier are increasing due to the heating of the N2 ice in this basin. This study's result was shown on the diagram of the annual evolution of atmospheric pressure.Comment: 4 figures, 2 table

Evaluation of Diagnostic Values of a Gender Discrimination Function, Based on Mandibular Dimorphic Parameters in Iranian Population

Objective: To evaluate mandibular dimorphic parameters for sex determination by using panoramic radiographs and comparing the results with another equation. Material and Methods: In this analytical-descriptive study, the mandible variables, including the ramus height, the coronoid height, the mental height, and the distance between the right and left condyle, were measured in 326 panoramic radiographs. The discriminant function of the statistical method has previously been used to evaluate the diagnostic value of sex. The level of significance was considered 0.05. Results: The detection function obtained was statistically significant in quantitative correlation (p<0.001) with 99% agreement. Moreover, good sensitivity (81.72%), specify (80.25%), and moderate to good predictive values (PPV: 62.29 and NPV:91.6) were found. Among the mandibular parameters, chin height, ramus height, coronoid height, and distance between two condyles showed the highest gender dimorphism. Conclusion: Chin height, and ramus height have the most quality in gender dimorphism. A unique gender discrimination function has been obtained from the results