964 research outputs found
Snowmass Neutrino Frontier: Neutrino Interaction Cross Sections (NF06) Topical Group Report
A thorough understanding of neutrino cross sections in a wide range of
energies is crucial for the successful execution of the entire neutrino physics
program. In order to extract neutrino properties, long-baseline experiments
need an accurate determination of neutrino cross sections within their
detector(s). Since very few of the needed neutrino cross sections across the
energy spectrum are directly measured, we emphasize the need for theoretical
input and indirect measurements such as electron scattering, which would
complement direct measurements. In this report we briefly summarize the current
status of our knowledge of the neutrino cross sections and articulate needs of
the experiments, ongoing and planned, at energies ranging from CEvNS and
supernova neutrino energies to the DUNE and atmospheric neutrino energies.Comment: 38 pages, 1 figur
Measurement of the neutrino component of an anti-neutrino beam observed by a non-magnetized detector
Two independent methods are employed to measure the neutrino flux of the
anti-neutrino-mode beam observed by the MiniBooNE detector. The first method
compares data to simulated event rates in a high purity \numu induced
charged-current single \pip (CC1\pip) sample while the second exploits the
difference between the angular distributions of muons created in \numu and
\numub charged-current quasi-elastic (CCQE) interactions. The results from
both analyses indicate the prediction of the neutrino flux component of the
pre-dominately anti-neutrino beam is over-estimated - the CC1\pip analysis
indicates the predicted \numu flux should be scaled by , while
the CCQE angular fit yields . The energy spectrum of the flux
prediction is checked by repeating the analyses in bins of reconstructed
neutrino energy, and the results show that the spectral shape is well modeled.
These analyses are a demonstration of techniques for measuring the neutrino
contamination of anti-neutrino beams observed by future non-magnetized
detectors.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, published in Physical Review D, latest version
reflects changes from referee comment
A Search for Electron Antineutrino Appearance at the 1 Scale
The MiniBooNE Collaboration reports initial results from a search for
oscillations. A signal-blind analysis was
performed using a data sample corresponding to protons on
target. The data are consistent with background prediction across the full
range of neutrino energy reconstructed assuming quasielastic scattering, MeV: 144 electron-like events have been observed in this
energy range, compared to an expectation of events. No
significant excess of events has been observed, both at low energy, 200-475
MeV, and at high energy, 475-1250 MeV. The data are inconclusive with respect
to antineutrino oscillations suggested by data from the Liquid Scintillator
Neutrino Detector at Los Alamos National Laboratory.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 table
Water Dynamics at Protein Interfaces: Ultrafast Optical Kerr Effect Study
The behavior of water molecules surrounding a protein can have an important bearing on its structure and function. Consequently, a great deal of attention has been focused on changes in the relaxation dynamics of water when it is located at the protein surface. Here we use the ultrafast optical Kerr effect to study the H-bond structure and dynamics of aqueous solutions of proteins. Measurements are made for three proteins as a function of concentration. We find that the water dynamics in the first solvation layer of the proteins are slowed by up to a factor of 8 in comparison to those in bulk water. The most marked slowdown was observed for the most hydrophilic protein studied, bovine serum albumin, whereas the most hydrophobic protein, trypsin, had a slightly smaller effect. The terahertz Raman spectra of these protein solutions resemble those of pure water up to 5 wt % of protein, above which a new feature appears at 80 cm–1, which is assigned to a bending of the protein amide chain
Measurement of inclusive charged current interactions on carbon in a few-GeV neutrino beam
The SciBooNE Collaboration reports a measurement of inclusive charged current
interactions of muon neutrinos on carbon with an average energy of 0.8 GeV
using the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam. We compare our measurement with two
neutrino interaction simulations: NEUT and NUANCE. The charged current
interaction rates (product of flux and cross section) are extracted by fitting
the muon kinematics, with a precision of 6-15% for the energy dependent and 3%
for the energy integrated analyses. We also extract CC inclusive interaction
cross sections from the observed rates, with a precision of 10-30% for the
energy dependent and 8% for the energy integrated analyses. This is the first
measurement of the CC inclusive cross section on carbon around 1 GeV. These
results can be used to convert previous SciBooNE cross section ratio
measurements to absolute cross section values.Comment: 21 pages, 16 figures. Accepted by Phys. Rev. D. Minor revisions to
match the accepted versio
Measurement of the \nu_\mu charged current \pi^+ to quasi-elastic cross section ratio on mineral oil in a 0.8 GeV neutrino beam
Using high statistics samples of charged current interactions,
MiniBooNE reports a measurement of the single charged pion production to
quasi-elastic cross section ratio on mineral oil (CH), both with and
without corrections for hadron re-interactions in the target nucleus. The
result is provided as a function of neutrino energy in the range 0.4 GeV 2.4 GeV with 11% precision in the region of highest statistics. The
results are consistent with previous measurements and the prediction from
historical neutrino calculations.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Measurement of Muon Neutrino Quasi-Elastic Scattering on Carbon
The observation of neutrino oscillations is clear evidence for physics beyond
the standard model. To make precise measurements of this phenomenon, neutrino
oscillation experiments, including MiniBooNE, require an accurate description
of neutrino charged current quasi-elastic (CCQE) cross sections to predict
signal samples. Using a high-statistics sample of muon neutrino CCQE events,
MiniBooNE finds that a simple Fermi gas model, with appropriate adjustments,
accurately characterizes the CCQE events observed in a carbon-based detector.
The extracted parameters include an effective axial mass, M_A^eff = 1.23+/-0.20
GeV, that describes the four-momentum dependence of the axial-vector form
factor of the nucleon; and a Pauli-suppression parameter, kappa =
1.019+/-0.011. Such a modified Fermi gas model may also be used by future
accelerator-based experiments measuring neutrino oscillations on nuclear
targets.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Search for Charged Current Coherent Pion Production on Carbon in a Few-GeV Neutrino Beam
The SciBooNE Collaboration has performed a search for charged current
coherent pion production from muon neutrinos scattering on carbon, \nu_\mu
^{12}C \to \mu^- ^{12}C \pi^+, with two distinct data samples. No evidence for
coherent pion production is observed. We set 90% confidence level upper limits
on the cross section ratio of charged current coherent pion production to the
total charged current cross section at 0.67\times 10^{-2} at mean neutrino
energy 1.1 GeV and 1.36\times 10^{-2} at mean neutrino energy 2.2 GeV.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, Minor revisions to match version accepted for
publication in Physical Review
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