5,692 research outputs found
Quantum network architecture of tight-binding models with substitution sequences
We study a two-spin quantum Turing architecture, in which discrete local
rotations \alpha_m of the Turing head spin alternate with quantum controlled
NOT-operations. Substitution sequences are known to underlie aperiodic
structures. We show that parameter inputs \alpha_m described by such sequences
can lead here to a quantum dynamics, intermediate between the regular and the
chaotic variant. Exponential parameter sensitivity characterizing chaotic
quantum Turing machines turns out to be an adequate criterion for induced
quantum chaos in a quantum network.Comment: Accepted for publication in J. mod. Optics [Proc. Workshop
"Entanglement and Decoherence", Gargnano (Italy), Sept 1999], 3 figure
Awareness of Biological Mechanisms of Artificial Sweeteners and the Effects of Increased Awareness Via Video Media On Intent To Change Dietary Habits In Traditional College-Age Students
In the past, artificial sweeteners have been touted as weight loss solutions because they theoretically do not interact with the body’s metabolism. However, new research is being done to test this theory, but what is the public awareness of these compounds’ interactions with the body? The purpose of this study is threefold: to assess the current awareness of the biological mechanisms of artificial sweeteners in traditional college-age individuals; to assess the effectiveness of video education in increasing this awareness; and to assess how the increase of this awareness might lead to intentions to change dietary habits. The study consisted of a short survey using the pre-test/post-test model. The pre-test evaluated prior awareness of artificial sweeteners and demographic information. Then, a short informational video was shown. Finally, the post-test evaluated new awareness, comprehension, and future dietary habit intentions. The results of this study showed that awareness of artificial sweeteners is low but can be increased with video education. However, intent to change dietary habits was not definitively affected by the video. The majority of participants did report a positive likelihood of investigating other compounds interactions with the body, indicating that video education can be an effective media for increasing health literacy
Identification of Decoherence-Free Subspaces Without Quantum Process Tomography
Characterizing a quantum process is the critical first step towards applying
such a process in a quantum information protocol. Full process characterization
is known to be extremely resource-intensive, motivating the search for more
efficient ways to extract salient information about the process. An example is
the identification of "decoherence-free subspaces", in which computation or
communications may be carried out, immune to the principal sources of
decoherence in the system. Here we propose and demonstrate a protocol which
enables one to directly identify a DFS without carrying out a full
reconstruction. Our protocol offers an up-to-quadratic speedup over standard
process tomography. In this paper, we experimentally identify the DFS of a
two-qubit process with 32 measurements rather than the usual 256, characterize
the robustness and efficiency of the protocol, and discuss its extension to
higher-dimensional systems.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
On the Optimal Choice of Spin-Squeezed States for Detecting and Characterizing a Quantum Process
Quantum metrology uses quantum states with no classical counterpart to
measure a physical quantity with extraordinary sensitivity or precision. Most
metrology schemes measure a single parameter of a dynamical process by probing
it with a specially designed quantum state. The success of such a scheme
usually relies on the process belonging to a particular one-parameter family.
If this assumption is violated, or if the goal is to measure more than one
parameter, a different quantum state may perform better. In the most extreme
case, we know nothing about the process and wish to learn everything. This
requires quantum process tomography, which demands an informationally-complete
set of probe states. It is very convenient if this set is group-covariant --
i.e., each element is generated by applying an element of the quantum system's
natural symmetry group to a single fixed fiducial state. In this paper, we
consider metrology with 2-photon ("biphoton") states, and report experimental
studies of different states' sensitivity to small, unknown collective SU(2)
rotations ("SU(2) jitter"). Maximally entangled N00N states are the most
sensitive detectors of such a rotation, yet they are also among the worst at
fully characterizing an a-priori unknown process. We identify (and confirm
experimentally) the best SU(2)-covariant set for process tomography; these
states are all less entangled than the N00N state, and are characterized by the
fact that they form a 2-design.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Adaptive quantum state tomography improves accuracy quadratically
We introduce a simple protocol for adaptive quantum state tomography, which
reduces the worst-case infidelity between the estimate and the true state from
to . It uses a single adaptation step and just one
extra measurement setting. In a linear optical qubit experiment, we demonstrate
a full order of magnitude reduction in infidelity (from to ) for
a modest number of samples ().Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure
On conjectures and problems of Ruzsa concerning difference graphs of S-units
Given a finite nonempty set of primes S, we build a graph with
vertex set by connecting x and y if the prime divisors of both the
numerator and denominator of x-y are from S. In this paper we resolve two
conjectures posed by Ruzsa concerning the possible sizes of induced
nondegenerate cycles of , and also a problem of Ruzsa concerning
the existence of subgraphs of which are not induced subgraphs.Comment: 15 page
Local effective dynamics of quantum systems: A generalized approach to work and heat
By computing the local energy expectation values with respect to some local
measurement basis we show that for any quantum system there are two
fundamentally different contributions: changes in energy that do not alter the
local von Neumann entropy and changes that do. We identify the former as work
and the latter as heat. Since our derivation makes no assumptions on the system
Hamiltonian or its state, the result is valid even for states arbitrarily far
from equilibrium. Examples are discussed ranging from the classical limit to
purely quantum mechanical scenarios, i.e. where the Hamiltonian and the density
operator do not commute.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, published versio
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