The UAE-Israel Normalisation ''If you can't convince them, confuse them''

What was a secret marriage is now publicly announced to the world, as a strong relationship between the UAE and Israel, which has been normalized through the media on August 13, 2020. The UAE became the third Arab state - after Egypt and Jordan - and the first Gulf state to announce active ties with Israel, after both countries agreed to sign agreements to work towards a full normalisation of relations. The IsraelUAE agreement, or the Abraham Accords, was brokered and announced by the United States President, Donald Trump, who called it a ''huge breakthrough''. It includes Israel's approval to suspend annexation plans of the Palestinian territories in the occupied West Bank, i.e. over areas outlined in Trump's Vision for Peace. The agreement further states that it will advance peace in the Middle East region. The UAE ambassador to the US, Yousef Al Otaiba, released a statement calling the agreement "a win for diplomacy and for the region''. Both countries are expected to start exchanging embassies and ambassadors and begin cooperation on a range of areas such as tourism, education, healthcare, trade, and securit

Economic impacts of mastitis in canadian dairy herds

La mammite bovine cause des pertes économiques importantes et récurrentes sur l'industrie laitière dans le monde. L'objectif principal de cette étude était d'estimer les coûts associés à la mammite sur les fermes laitières canadiennes en 2015. Les cadres économiques de la mammite précédemment publiés ont été utilisés pour préparer un modèle économique avec les composantes de coûts les plus importantes. Un questionnaire a été conçu et envoyé par la poste à 374 producteurs laitiers choisis au hasard dans l'Étude Laitière Nationale du Canada 2015 pour recueillir des données sur ces composantes des coûts, et 145 (39%) producteurs laitiers ont retourné un questionnaire rempli. Pour chaque troupeau, les coûts liés aux différentes composantes liés à la mammite et la proportion des coûts attribuables à une composante spécifique ont été calculés. Les coûts de la mammite étaient importants (662 CAD par vache-an pour une ferme laitière canadienne typique), une grande partie des coûts (48%) étant attribuée à la mammite sub-clinique (SCM) et 34% et 15% à la mammite clinique (CM) et aux mesures préventives, respectivement. Pour la SCM, les deux composantes de coûts les plus importantes étaient la diminution de production laitière et la réforme subséquente (respectivement 72% et 25% des coûts de mammite sub-clinique). Pour la CM, la première, la deuxième et la troisième composante des coûts étaient, respectivement, la réforme (48% des coûts de CM), la réduction du rendement laitier dû à la CM (34%) et, finalement, le lait jeté suite à la mammite (11%). Cette étude est la première depuis 1990 à étudier les coûts de la mammite au Canada. Les chiffres obtenus dans la présente étude pourraient être utilisés pour créer un modèle économique pour calculer les coûts de la mammite au niveau troupeau et au niveau national au Canada.Mastitis imposes significant and recurring economic losses on the dairy industry worldwide. The main objective of this study was to estimate costs associated with mastitis on Canadian dairy farms in 2015. Previously published mastitis economic frameworks were used to develop an economic model with the most important cost components. A questionnaire was designed and mailed to 374 dairy producers randomly selected from the Canadian National Dairy Study 2015 to collect data on these costs components, and 145 (39%) dairy producers returned a completed questionnaire. For each herd, costs due to the different mastitis-related components and the proportion of the costs attributable to a specific component were computed. Mastitis costs were substantial (662 CAD/milking cow-year for a typical Canadian dairy farm), with a large portion of the costs (48%) being attributed to sub-clinical mastitis (SCM), and 34% and 15% due to clinical mastitis (CM), and implementation of preventive measures, respectively. For SCM, the two most important cost components were the subsequent milk yield reduction and culling (72% and 25% of SCM costs, respectively). For CM, first, second, and third most important cost components were culling (48% of CM costs), milk yield reduction following the CM events (34%), and discarded milk following mastitis (11%), respectively. This study is the first since 1990 to investigate costs of mastitis in Canada. The figures obtained in the current study could be used to develop an economic model to compute mastitis costs at the herd and the national level in Canada

Authenticity of Electronic Signature Under Jordanian Legislation

The novelty of electronic signature and its instability in the legislation of the Jordanian electronic transactions system and this is attributed to the novelty modern electronic transaction laws as a whole; whereas the temporary Jordanian electronic transactions law no. (85) Of 2001 was the beginning of recognition of the electronic dealing, despite the passage of years after the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures with its last amendments in 2001. What demonstrates the instability of the electronic signature system is the introduction of the legislature for the vocabulary of the public key, private key, protected signature and signature transactions documented in Law No. (15) Of 2015.The research on the attitude of the Jordanian legislator for a system of electronic signature and its legal value and the adopted legal policy made known about it, because as we shall see in this research, the legislature established a distinction between authenticities granted by the electronic signatures to the instrument depending on the electronic documentation. Keywords: Electronic Signature – IT Laws – Cyber Laws – Authentication.

Effect of Contact Lenses on Contrast Sensitivity under Various Lighting Conditions

Purpose: To assess contrast sensitivity in clear and colored soft contact lenses under different lighting conditions. Methods: This study was performed on 34 medical students. Visual acuity was measured using a tumbling E chart at a distance of 6 m, and contrast sensitivity was determined by Pelli Robson chart at a distance of 1 m. These tests were repeated in mesopic (3 lux) and glare (2000 lux) conditions. Then, a clear contact lens was applied to one eye and a colored contact lens was applied to the other. After 2 hr, visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were measured for each individual. The results were compared with and without contact lenses under normal, mesopic, and glare conditions. Results: The mean refractive error was 0.44 ± 0.20 diopters. Repeated measures ANOVA showed a decline in contrast sensitivity with colored and clear contact lenses as compared to no-lens condition (P < 0.001). Additionally, lighting conditions had a significant impact on contrast sensitivity (P < 0.001); contrast sensitivity was lower in mesopic and glare conditions than under normal lighting condition. Conclusion: In addition to the drop in contrast sensitivity under unusual lighting conditions (e.g., glare and mesopic), wearing soft contact lenses can further reduce contrast sensitivity in different lighting conditions. Therefore, people who wear contact lenses should be aware of this reduction in visual performance in conditions like driving at night or in the fog

MULTIVALUED FUNCTIONS, FUZZY SUBSETS AND JOIN SPACES

One has considered the Hypergroupoid Η Γ = associated with a multivalued function Γ from H to a set D, defined as follows:∀ x ∈ H, x ο Γ x = ⎨y⏐ Γ(y) ∩ Γ(x) ≠ ∅⎬ ,∀ (y,z) ∈ H 2 , y ο Γ z = y ο Γ y ∪ z ο Γ z ,and one has calculated the fuzzy grade ∂(Η Γ ) for several functions Γ defined on sets H, such that ⎮H⎮ ∈ ⎨3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 16⎬

New cost control techniques in mega construction projects

The construction industry in the U.K. is a vital sector of the country's economy. However, this industry is faced by various types of uncertainties and risks due to their dynamic environment, particularly for megaprojects. The study aimed to determine the modern and effective cost control techniques that are utilized in for mega construction projects in the U.K. A mixed-method approach that involves both qualitative and quantitative approaches were adopted in this research for data collection and analysis. Five semi-structured interviews with construction professionals were conducted first to find out modern and effective techniques used for projects cost control. This is followed by carrying out Delphi survey twice with 42 and 39 construction professionals. Results revealed that the top five techniques that can be utilized for controlling megaproject costs were: Activity-based costing method, Contract Variance – Unit Costing, To-Complete Performance Index (TCPI), Cost-Value Reconciliation and BIM