ADMINISTERING CLASSES IN VIRTUAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: FACILITATIONS, PRINCIPLES, EDUCATORS’ ROLES AND INTERACTIONS

This study investigates teachers’ competencies in the implementation of facilities, principles, educators’ roles, and interactions in the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). Using explanatory sequential mixed method, it aims to examine whether all those competencies such as learning system tools and resources, technology quality, and workload management are considered throughout the learning process. In total, 102 students from the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teachers’ Training at Antasari State Islamic University were involved in the survey. Fourteen of them, as well as three lecturers, were then interviewed. The results indicate that despite students’ limited access to the internet, lecturers attempt to provide all students’ facilities. However, in some departments, various learning activities, monitoring, and feedback still need to be improved. The lecturers generally execute the principle of the virtual learning environment. The students mostly believe that lecturers are aware of their roles, and manage their interactions well. In conclusion, the study suggests teachers’ competencies in the virtual learning environment and calls for further studies in this subject.

Hypoalbuminaemia in haemodialysis patients at Parirenyatwa group of hospitals and Chitungwiza central hospital

Introduction: Haemodialysis is one of the widely used methods in end stage renal disease. However it has a negative impact on the quality of life of the renal patients. Hypoalbuminaemia occur in haemodialysis patients and it correlates strongly with mortality and morbidity. We sought out to determine the prevalence of hypoalbuminaemia among haemodialysis patients at Parirenyatwa group of hospitals and Chitungwiza central hospital. Methods: A questionnaire was administered on haemodialysis patients at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals and Chitungwiza Central Hospital who consented to participate in the study. Pre dialysis serum samples collected from the patients were used for albumin analysis. The serum from the patients was analysed for serum albumin levels using the Mindray BS120 chemistry analyser using the bromocresol green method. Results: A total of 60 patients were recruited from the two hospitals. The Mean albumin concentration for the entire group was 33.6g/L SD (6.1 g/L). The mean albumin in males was 33.6 g/L, SD (5.9) and in female 33.6, SD (6.6 g/L) and this was not statistically significantly different (p=0.988). The prevalence of hypoalbuminaemia was 76.7%.  Conclusion: Hypoalbuminaemia in 76.7% of haemodialysis patients studied is a cause of concern thus monitoring of haemodialysis patients albumin is necessary since its decreased levels has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality

Removal of divalent nickel from aqueous solutions using Carissa carandas and Syzygium aromaticum: isothermal studies and kinetic modelling

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A critical analysis of agricultural innovation platforms among small-scale farmers in Hwedza communal area, Zimbabwe

Agricultural research has existed for many decades at national and global levels and research-based agricultural interventions, often driven by the state, have taken place across Africa over an extended period. But, overall, these interventions have not generated the high potential and kinds of outcomes expected of them in terms of enhancing agricultural productivity amongst small-scale farmers and improving the quality of their agrarian lives. In the context of neoliberal restructuring globally, new forms of agricultural interventions have arisen which highlight the significance of more participatory methodologies in which non-governmental organisations become central. One such methodology rests on the notion of an agricultural innovation platform which involves bringing on board a diverse range of actors (or stakeholders) which function together to generate agricultural knowledge and practices suitable to the needs of a particular small-scale farming community, with the small-scale farmers expected to be key actors in the platform. Such platforms are now being implemented in specific rural sites in Zimbabwe, including in communal areas in the district of Hwedza where farming activities have for many years now being in large survivalist in character. The objective of this thesis is to critically analyse the agricultural innovation platforms in Hwedza, but not in the sense of assessing the impact of the platforms on agricultural productivity. Rather, the thesis examines the multi-faceted social interactions and relationships embodied in the innovation platform process. In pursuing this, I rely heavily – but in a critical manner – on interface analysis as set out by Norman Long. The fieldwork for the Hwedza involved an interpretative-qualitative methodology based on methods such as in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, questionnaires and observations. The major finding of the thesis is that the agricultural innovation platforms, at least as implemented in Hwedza, do challenge top-down approaches to agricultural interventions by unlocking the possibility of multiple pathways of inclusion and particularly for small-scale farmers but that, simultaneously, they also involve processes marked by divergences, exclusions, tensions and conflicts which may undermine the legitimacy and effectiveness of the platforms

Adsorptive behavior, isothermal studies and kinetic modeling involved in removal of divalent lead from aqueous solutions, using Carissa carandas and Syzygium aromaticum

This study is focused on the biosorption of lead(II) ion onto surface of Carissa carandas and Syzygium aromaticum biomass from aqueous solution. The operating parameters, pH of solution, biomass dosage, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature considerably affect the biosorption efficiency of Pb(II). Biosorbent C. carandas leaf powder showed higher sorption efficiency than that of biosorbent S. aromaticum powder under identical experimental conditions. It was observed that the lead(II) removal percentage was found highest of 95.11% for C. carandas and 91.04% for S. aromaticum at contact period of 180 min. Also, it was observed that the regression coefficient (R2 = 0.99) for the pseudo-second-order kinetic model is higher in comparison with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the calculated value of qe for the pseudo-second-order kinetic model is very close to the experimental value, which indicates that it fits well with the equilibrium data for Pb(II) sorption from aqueous solutions on biosorbents. Also, the adsorption of Pb(II) onto C. carandas was best described by the Freundlich isotherm model

Nickel(II) complex based on bis-(1-(pyridin-2-yl-methyl)-benzimidazol-2-yl-methyl) ether and its utilization in the oxidation of 2-amino-4-tert-butylphenol

A mononuclear nickel(II) complex [Ni(L)2].(NO3)2.H2O is synthesized utilizing a bis-benzimidazolyl ligand (L = bis-(1-(pyridin-2-yl-methyl)-benzimidazol-2-yl-methyl)ether) and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy. Ni(II) complex crystallizes in the tetragonal system with space group I41/a and appears to be propeller-shaped when viewed along the c-axis. The [Ni(L)2].(NO3)2 complex has been utilized for the oxidation for 2-amino-4-tert-butylphenol to 4-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and the average rate of reaction is calculated to be 63×10–7 M min–1. The presence of externally added acetate ion tends to inhibit the rate of reaction

Gender Data Gaps in Agriculture and Land Ownership: Uncovering the Blind Side of Policymaking

With the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015, world leaders have pledged to gender equality by mainstreaming gender into national statistical strategies and prioritising data collection. This makes it evident that the role of data in society is enormous, despite its effects being seemingly invisible in plain sight. In a country like India, where more than half the population engages in the agricultural sector, most of whom are women, accurate data on gender inequality in land ownership is vital for gauging progress on women’s economic empowerment. Despite this, a glaring gender-data gap is visible concerning women in agriculture. Studies have not been able to assess the full extent of this gap, primarily because the current estimates based on national-level data sets can be limited or severely misleading. The limitations of currently available data are reflected in inconsistent datasets and policies that neglect the contribution of women on farms and deprive them of land rights, which in effect, ignores their unique position in society and the economy. This paper, while exploring the intersections of gender and religion, discusses the importance of bridging the gender-data gap in policymaking and the ill effects of the same not being done by examining the plight of the invisible female farmers in India. It also briefly looks into the missing data on land owned by women whilst exploring the complexities caused due to personal laws, which deprive them of basic rights meant to be available to titleholders

The role of South Africa's environmental rights in transformative constitutionalism

LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2016This study discusses the role of and extent to which South Africa's environmental right contributes to transformative constitutionalism. Prior to the enactment of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 socio-economic entitlements and environmental concerns were not constitutionally protected. This contributed to maldistribution of environmental resources and socio-economic entitlements, the effects of which are still prevalent to date. South Africa's unjust and discriminatory past called for (and continues to do so) the need to transform people's lives for the better inter alia through the redistribution of socio-economic entitlements. The Constitution seeks to redress past injustices through the provision of access to socio-economic entitlements and environmental protection so as to improve people's quality of life. This constitutional transformative vision is mostly assessed in the light of the realisation of the socio-economic rights of access to water, food, healthcare, housing and healthcare. The main reasoning behind advancing transformation through the provision of socio-economic rights is that they seek to promote the redistribution of material resources so that people's quality of life can be improved. Despite the emphasis placed on redistribution, there is little mention by the judiciary or in the literature of the function of the environmental right in this context, although this is the right which seeks to protect and promote the sustainable use of environmental resources so that they can be continuously available to the present and future generations for the purpose of fulfilling the socio-economic transformation agenda. This study seeks to extend the discussion of transformative constitutionalism by addressing the transformative nature of the environmental right and the extent to which it may contribute to transformation in South Africa.Master

TEKNIK PEMBESARAN LARVA IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus gouramy) DI INSTALASI BUDIDAYA AIR TAWAR PANDAAN, KABUPATEN PASURUAN, PROPINSI JAWA TIMUR

1. Teknik pembesaran larva ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) meliputi persiapan akuarium pemeliharaan larva, pemanenan telur, penetasan telur, pemeliharaan larva, pendederan, pengendalian hama dan penyakit, pengelolaan kualitas, pemanenan benih dan pemasaran. 2. Permasalahan yang ditemukan dalam teknik pembesaran larva ikan gurami di IBAT Pandaan adalah perairan yang digunakan dalam proses pemeliharaan larva berasal dari sumur bor yang mengandung pH terlalu tinggi untuk pemeliharaan larva, sehingga faktor pH yang tinggi berpengaruh pada kelangsungan hidup larva ikan gurami. Selain itu juga faktor cuaca yang tidak menentu sehingga suhu berubah-ubah

PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI NANOBUBBLE PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA SALIN (Oreochromis niloticus) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH DAN HEMOGLOBIN = NANOBUBBLE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT ON SALINE TILAPIA (Oreochromis Niloticus) CULTURE TOWARDS BLOOD GLUCOSE AND HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS

Ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) merupakan salah satu komoditas penting perikanan budidaya air tawar di Indonesia. Perkembangan ikan nila saat ini selain dibudidayakan di air tawar dapat juga dibudidayakan di air payau dan air laut. Ikan nila yang sukses beradaptasi dengan air asin dikenal dengan ikan nila salin. Selain salinitas kehidupan ikan nila juga dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan yang lain, salah satunya adalah oksigen terlarut / Disolved Oxygent (DO). Kebutuhan oksigen terlarut dapat terpenuhi dengan adanya teknologi terbaru yaitu teknologi nanobubble. Nanobubble adalah suatu teknologi yang dapat mengasilkan gelembung kecil di dalam air dengan diameter 200 nm. Pada teknologi nanobubble, oksigen dapat tersedia dalam air untuk waktu yang lebih lama sehingga dapat menjaga oksigen terlarut di perairan tetap stabil. Lingkungan yang baik dengan ketersediaan oksigen terlarut yang mencukupi dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kondisi fisiologis ikan. Fungsi dari karakteristik darah untuk mengevaluasi respon fisiologi pada ikan, contohnya adalah respon stres. Respon stres pada hewan dapat dilihat dari perubahan kadar glukosa darah dan hemoglobin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengembangan teknologi nanobubble pada budidaya ikan nila salin terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan hemoglobin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola Faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor Faktor A yaitu teknologi nanobubble dan aerator, sedangkan faktor B yaitu waktu pengambilan darah pada hari ke-0, 10, 20, dan 30. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini adalah kadar glukosa darah dan hemoglobin ikan nila salin. Analisis data menggunakan analisis varian dan dilanjutkan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan teknologi nanobubble berbeda nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan hemoglobin ikan nila salin. Kadar glukosa darah terendah ditunjukkan pada hari ke-30 dengan perlakuan teknologi nanobubble akan tetapi masih dalam batas normal yaitu 66,75 mg/dL, sedangkan kadar glukosa darah tertinggi ditunjukkan pada hari ke-30 dengan perlakuan aerator yaitu 84,75 mg/dL. Kadar hemoglobin tertinggi ditunjukkan pada hari ke-30 dengan perlakuan teknologi nanobubble akan tetapi masih dalam batas normal yaitu 7,02 G%, sedangkan kadar hemoglobin terendah ditunjukkan pada hari ke-30 dengan perlakuan aerator yaitu 4,65 G%. Pengamatan kadar glukosa dan kadar hemoglobin pada hari ke-30 dengan perlakuan teknologi nanobubble merupakan perlakuan terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan aerator