Interpersonal Metafunction of Gender Talk in ELT Classrooms

In systemic functional approach to interpersonal metafunction, Halliday defines clause as a unit of exchange, with two main constituents called Mood and Residue. Mood (sometimes called Modal element) which is the main element of clause in process of meaning exchange realizes selection of mood in clause, and it is composed of Subject and Finite. Subject is invested with modal responsibility whereas finite realizes primary tense and modality. Drawing upon theoretical framework outlined above, present research explores interpersonal metafunction of gender talk in ELT classrooms. Objective is to determine different clausal structures (Declaratives, Integratives, Imperatives and Exclamatives) used by interlocutors with different genders using Azeri as their mother tongue, Farsi (Persian) and English as their second and foreign languages respectively. This research uses oral form of teacher-student interaction in classroom context as its corpus. About twelve hours of oral conversation between students and teachers from eight randomly selected classrooms are recorded and transcribed, resulting to 3288 clauses. Our findings show that dominant Mood used by both genders is declarative of third person simple present tense causing the process of meaning exchange to be one-sided and partial. Reconstructing clausal structures used by different genders in ELT classrooms may result into students’ high language proficiency in bilingual context of situation

Análise da resposta transversal de edifícios altos prismáticos sob a ação do vento

Dissertação (mestrado) — Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Universidade de Brasília, 2020.Junto com o crescimento de comunidades e grandes cidades nas últimas décadas, surgiu a necessidade de se construir edifícios cada vez mais altos e mais concentrados. Assim, é de grande importância a análise e consideração das cargas e efeitos do vento nos projetos estruturais de edifícios altos para garantir a segurança estrutural e os requisitos de projeto. O objetivo desse trabalho foi a elaboração de um estudo comparativo entre os métodos teóricos de estimativa de respostas em termos de esforços solicitantes em edifícios altos na direção transversal do vento, com aqueles obtidos de ensaios com modelos padrões de edifícios altos em túnel de vento disponíveis na literatura, considerando o aspecto dinâmico do mesmo. A análise comparativa foi realizada entre os resultados de um método analítico (o método matemático sugerido por Liang et al. (2002)), três procedimentos normativos ( AS/NZ-2011 (Austrália e Nova Zelândia), AIJ-2004 (Japão) e GB50009-2012 (China)) e os resultados experimentais extraídos de ensaios de túnel de vento como os apresentados na literatura. Os resultados foram comparados com o intuito de verificar a precisão das normas e do modelo analítico com os modelos experimentais. Os resultados mostraram que o método analítico e os três métodos teóricos podem fornecer resultados semelhantes e de boa concordância com os experimentais para um edifício simples e plano, situado em um ambiente livre de obstáculos e em diferentes categorias de terreno, e, assim eles podem ser considerados confiáveis e aplicáveis.Along with the growth of communities and large cities in recent decades, the need has arisen to build much more higher and concentrated buildings. Thus, it is of great importance to analyze and consider wind loads and effects in structural design of tall buildings to ensure structural safety and design requirements. The aim of this work was to elaborate a comparative study between the theoretical methods of estimation of responses in terms of requesting efforts in tall buildings in the crosswind direction, with those obtained from tests with standard models of wind tunnel tall buildings available in the considering the dynamic aspect of it. Comparative analysis was performed between the results of an analytical method (the mathematical method suggested by Liang et al. (2002)), three normative procedures (AS / NZ-2011 (Australia and New Zealand), AIJ-2004 (Japan) and GB50009-2012 (China)) and experimental results extracted from wind tunnel tests as presented in literature. The results were compared in order to verify the accuracy of the standards and the analytical model with the experimental models. The results showed that the analytical method and the three theoretical methods can provide similar results that are in good agreement with the experimental ones for a simple and flat building, situated in an obstacle free environment and in different terrain categories, and thus they can be considered reliable and applicable

Anatomy of sour gas sweetening simulation software HYSYS with various amines

In recent decades, due to its importance for the simulation of sweetening units are taken into consideration . Natural gas often contains impurities such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide items within the gas, acid gas or sour gas is highly toxic and that they in turn can lead to corrosion of pipes and devices Hence, it must be purified before use of natural gas, ie the impurities such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide and other acid gas components can be separated and so sweet The removal of acid gases in the oil, gas & petrochemical is a very important These gases are usually by some physical or chemical solvent absorption towers, can be absorbed Alkanolan aqueous amines such as DGA and MDEA, DEA, MEA solvents commonly used in the process are important items within the natural gas sweetening In this paper, H2S and CO2 solubility in the solvent mole-time DEA, MDEA and also combinations of temperature and pressure is measured absorption tower refinery. And the absorption tower refinery using HYSYS software accurately simulated and the results for selected vehicle with real data are compared with each other and the . Keywords:Simulation, sweetening unit, sour gas, amine, software Hysys

The Relationship between Learners’ Self-directed Learning Readiness and their English for Specific Purposes Course Accomplishment at Distance Education in Iran

The major role of self-directed learning, a sub-division of autonomy, in successful learning at distance education has been informed by various studies. Although learners pass General English courses before studying any ESP courses at distance education in Iran, they sometimes lack the preliminary skills for independent language learning. The current study aimed to explore ESP learners’ self-directed learning readiness (SDLR) and the relationship between SDLR and ESP course accomplishment. Participants were 126 B.A students (33 male and 93 female) studying English for Students of Economy and Management (ESEM) at Tabriz Payam-e-Noor University which is based on distance learning. Data gathered by Guglielmino’s (1978) self-directed learning readiness scale (SDLRS) and a test of ESEM. Data analysis revealed that half of the learners’ SDLR is at an average or below average level, which is likely to be insufficient for conducting successful self-directed language learning (SDLL). Furthermore, the correlation coefficient demonstrated that there is a positive relationship between SDLR and ESP course accomplishment. Therefore, the need for appropriate training to improve learners’ SDLR that directly contributes to a successful ESP learning at distance education in Iran becomes apparent

Modelagem e avaliação de fatores de intensidade de tensão em problemas de propagação de trincas, por fadiga, utilizando o programa BemCracker2D

Trabalho de conclusão de curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2017.A Mecânica da Fratura é a área da mecânica que estuda o impacto que as trincas causam nos materiais, diminuindo a resistência e a durabilidade desses. Essa é uma das ferramentas fundamentais na melhoria do desempenho mecânico dos materiais e componentes. Calcular o Fator de Intensidade de Tensão (FIT) em uma trinca é um item importante na definição das tensões atuantes nessa e, por meio disso, é possível estimar a ocorrência de propagação e aumento de tensões, comprometendo a resistência do material trincado. O cálculo dos FITs, de forma analítica, é possível apenas para poucas geometrias e, por isso a necessidade de modelagem por técnicas numéricas, como o Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF) e o Método dos Elementos de Contorno (MEC), é de suma importância no campo da Mecânica da Fratura. Esse projeto tratará da avaliação dos valores de FIT em problemas de propagação de trincas, a partir de um programa denominado BemCracker2D para análise via MEC

The Effect of Pre-teaching Extended Prefabricated Lexical Bundles on the Writing Development of

This study attempts to shed light on how a teacher’s instruction and guidance can cast aside writing inhibitions and bring about remarkable changes in the writing ability of advanced EFL students through the collaborative construction of extended chunks of language with the aim of enhancing lexical density and complexity and consequently injecting into learners a sense of satisfaction with their work. The sample included 40 TOEFL students selected out of 75 TOEFL students on the basis of their scores on a TOEFL test. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups-the control group and experimental group. After 20 instructional sessions both groups were assigned five writing tasks. The results reveal that the participants in experimental group outperformed their counterparts in control group. Overall, it is concluded that pre-teaching extended prefabricated lexical bundles can be a useful means of helping advanced students to improve their writing quality

Investigting the effects of some physical and cultural methods on the population of bulb mite (Rhizoglyphus robini) and yield of saffron (.Crocus sativus L)

In this research, the effects of solarization by transparent plastics, planting time and the first irrigation after planting on the populations of saffron bulb mite (Rhizoglyphus robini) and yield (Crocus sativus L.) were investigated. A split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replicates from 2011 to 2015 in Gonabad, Khorasan Razavi province. Solarization and non-solarization factors were placed in the main plots. Seven crop managing packages including 1- planting without irrigation in September, 2- irrigation immediately after planting in September, 3- planting without irrigation in June, 4- irrigation immediately after planting in June, 5- planting in June and irrigation in August, 6- planting without irrigation in September of the next year, and 7- irrigation immediately after planting in September of the next year were placed in sub-plots. The results showed that regardless of management package, solarization suppressed the mite populations and increased saffron yield. Package 4, Irrigation immediately after planting on June, increased the mite populations and decreased saffron yields. However, package 2, irrigation on September, reduces the mite populations and increases saffron yield. Planting Saffron in June (packages 3, 4, and 5) resulted in more yield compared to Planting at September (packages 1, 2, 6, and 7). The lowest reduction in the population of mites (94%) and the highest yield (77%) were achieved through solarization and by implementing package 3, treatment and cultivation in June of the next year with no irrigation after planting

The Effect of Test Taking Strategy Instruction on Iranian High School Students’ Performance on English Section of the University Entrance Examination and Their Attitude towards Using These Strategies

This paper reports on a study that investigated the effect of teaching test-taking strategies on Iranian high school students’ performance on English section of the National University Entrance Examination (Konkoor). To do so, 273 male and female high school students participated in a workshop that lasted for four sessions. The participants were randomly divided into an experimental and a control group. In the beginning of the workshop, participants received a demographic questionnaire to see if they had taken part in a similar test-taking class which resulted in excluding some students from the groups. The groups were also homogenized regarding their language proficiency level by administering Oxford Placement Test (OPT). Therefore, 260 participants were left for the main study. Then, experimental group participated in the test-taking strategy workshop and control group worked on the previous samples of Konkoor examinations without any reference to test-taking strategies. At the end of the workshop, the attitude questionnaire was run in the experimental group to compile the group’s opinions about the treatment.  One month later, the students of both groups took Konkoor. The data were analyzed using an independent-samples t-test. The learners’ responses to the attitude questionnaire were also analyzed quantitatively. The findings of this study indicated that Iranian high school students in the experimental group outperformed the control group on their Konkoor exam. Moreover, they had positive attitudes towards teaching and learning test-taking strategies. This study suggests that integrating such strategies in the teaching curriculum could be beneficial for the students.

Determination of Benzoate Level in Canned Pickles and Pickled Cucumbers in Food Producing Factories in Markazi Province and those that their Products were Sold in Arak City, Iran

Background: Anecdotal information has suggested that sodium benzoate is used with more than permissible doses during production steps of food products especially pickles and pickled cucumbers in food producing factories in Markazi province and other food producing factories . The present study was done to evaluate factual concentration of sodium benzoate in these products. Methods: In this study, 8 samples from canned pickled cucumbers and 10 samples from canned pickles were randomly gathered from food production factories in Markazi province between March and September 2010. Also, 25 samples from canned pickled cucumbers and 15 samples from canned pickles and 7 samples of bulk cargo pickled cucumbers were collected from the other provinces in Arak city. Sodium benzoate level was determined in the samples using UV-VIS spectrophotometry method. The determined values were analyzed by N-par test using SPSS software version 16.0. Results: Sodium benzoate level was near zero in the samples of canned pickles and pickled cucumbers from producing factories. This was 200-400 PPM in 7 samples from bulk cargo pickled cucumbers which was higher than permissible dose. There was not a statistically significant difference between mean benzoate level of canned pickles and pickled cucumbers produced in Markazi providence factories and other food factories. Benzoate level was significantly higher than permissible dose in bulk cargo pickled cucumbers. Conclusion: Food products from production factories do not have higher than permissible level of sodium benzoate; however, this is higher in bulk cargo pickled cucumbers. Hence, stricter control on bulk cargo pickled cucumber products is recommended