SWKB and proper quantization conditions for translationally shape invariant potentials

Using a recently proposed classification for the primary translationally shape invariant potentials, we show that the exact quantization rule formulated by Ma and Xu is equivalent to the supersymmetric JWKB quantization condition. The energy levels for the two considered categories of shaped invariant potentials are also derived

Profil, Alokasi dan Pendapatan Tenaga Kerja pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat di Kabupaten Solok Selatan

Labor is one of the main inputs in the production activities, including in agriculture. The quality and quantity of labor would have an impact on quality of products. Solok Selatan district is a new district in West Sumatera that has priority program for development of palm oil smallholders. The quality of labor will also determine the sustainability and success of the operational of palm oil smallholders.Field surveys and in-depth interviews had been carried out to find the profile, allocation and labor income of palm oil smallholders in Solok Selatan district. Respondents for this research were selected purposively with the criteria of land ownership is ? 2 hectares. This is because the farmers who have land area ? 2 Ha tend to use labor from outside the family and otherwise. The research finds that labors of palm oil smallholder in the research site were dominated by workers with primary education level (75%). Moreover, the average of work time allocation by respondents is was 84.5 HOK/ha/year. Meanwhile, the average income per month of the labors were Rp. 1,393,916.67 (flat land) and Rp. 1,786,083.33 - 1,837,333,33 (steep land) with assumption that each type of work available at any time and labors actively work for 8 hours per day in oil palm smallholder

Konflik Agraria dan Pelepasan Tanah Ulayat (Studi Kasus pada Masyarakat Suku Melayu di Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan Dharmasraya, Sumatera Barat)

Konflik pengelolaan hutan di Indonesia semakin meningkat jumlahnya. Konflik pengelolaan hutan seringkali disebabkan karena adanya pluralisme hukum antara pemerintah dan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan konflik lahan yang terjadi antara masyarakat adat Suku Melayu dengan pemerintah dan proses terjadinya pelepasan tanah ulayat Suku Melayu di Kesatuan Pemangku Hutan Produksi (KPHP) Model Dharmasraya. Desain penelitiannya adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan lokasi penelitian di KPHP yang berada di Nagari Bonjol, Kecamatan Koto Besar, Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Konflik agraria yang terjadi di KPHP antara masyarakat adat dengan pemerintah dikarenakan adanya legal pluralism dalam pengakuan hutan, dan 2) Proses pelepasan tanah ulayat terjadi melalui transaksi jual beli yang dikendalikan oleh Datuak penguasa ulayat. Bukti kegiatan jual beli adalah dikeluarkannya “alas hak” sebagai bukti bahwa tanah ulayat telah dijual. Maraknya kegiatan jual beli tanah ulayat disebabkan harga tanah ulayat yang rendah dan tingginya minat masyarakat berkebun di tanah ulayat Suku Melayu. Diperlukan strategi yang tepat untuk mempertahankan fungsi kawasan hutan di wilayah KPHP tanpa mengabaikan keberadaan masyarakat lokal yang menggantungkan hidupnya dari hutan

Study of WDM Add and Drop in Soliton Effects in Free Space Optics

Researchers discussed soliton waves system and its effects on optical communications many times. In this paper a new designed system depend on the generation of the Gaussian optical pulse generator, used to see the effect of soliton waves how can used to send data transmit, the WDM add and WDM drop, is used, Free Space Optics (FSO) is an excellent supplement to conventional radio links and fiber optics. It is a broad band wireless solution for the �Last Mile� connectivity gap throughout metropolitan network. A very stable system which is designed by optisys software simulation. In this paper the design using free space optics FSO as the media channel. The maximum distance used in this project this can transfer data to more than 350 Km, in addition a very stable system

Coupling the image analysis and the artificial neural networks to predict a mixing time of a pharmaceutical powder

In recent years, different laboratories were interested in predicting the mixing time of a pharmaceutical powder. In fact, a nonhomogeneous mixture may lead to under dose and/or overdose of the active ingredient in the drug product. Our study is aimed toward using a new and revolutionary approach in the field of the processes “The Artificial Neural Networks” (ANN) by using the Neural Networks ToolboxTM derived from Matlab® software. The validation of the neural network was assumed by studying others mixing powder s and then we compared the experimental results to the data obtained by the neural network calculations. Experimental results were obtained from a non-destructive method (Image Analysis) which was used in order to characterize the homogeneity of powder mixture in a V-Blender as well as a Cubic Blender which are most used in the pharmaceutical industry.Keywords: ANN; Image analysis; Homogeneity; Back-propagation algorithm; multi-layer perceptro

Effect of Substrate Temperature on Growth Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu2.4 Zn0.6O10 Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition

AbstractBi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu2.4Zn0.6O10 superconducting pellet was prepared by solid state reaction. The epitaxial growth of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu2.4Zn0.6O10 films has been realized on Si (111) by pulse laser deposition (PLD) using Nd: YAG laser with 532nm, pulse duration of about 7 nsec and a current density (0.4 – 8) J/cm2, at different substrate temperature 300, 320, 350 and 400°C. All samples annealed at 820°C in vacuum furnace employing oxygen atmosphere with flow rate 2 lit/min and heating rate 15°C/min. The structure and morphology of the prepared samples was obtained by using x-ray diffractometer (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The lattice constants of thin films samples were calculated using inter planer distance and Miller indices of the strong peaks in the XRD patterns. It has been observed that the enhancement of the transition temperature (Tc) for obtained films increase with increase of substrate temperature (Ts). The increase in Tc with the enhancement of substrate temperature could be explained to increasing the mobility of clusters and subsequently enhance the critical temperature

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF BLACK PLUM SEED (SYZYGIUM CUMINI) EXTRACT IN HEXANE

Objective: Black plum seed has unique medicinal value and used as antidiabetics, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the extracts of black plum seed obtained using solvent extraction with hexane as a solvent is used to attempt the identification of prominent components. Results: Black plum seed extract is obtained by solvent extraction technique using Soxhlet extractor. A total of 10 compounds are predicted in black plum seed extract by GC-MS analysis. Conclusion: The work presented relates to the study of GC-MS analysis of the extract of black plum seed obtained using solvent extraction with hexane as a solvent. Of ten compounds of black plum seed extract, five compounds are known to have antimicrobial properties