The Existence of Consumer Protection in the Perspective of Cyber Law in Indonesia

The subject matter of this research is about how consumer protection is regulated in cyber law in Indonesia. Legal protection of consumers in buying and selling transactions through electronic media is regulated in Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade and Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. The type of research used in this research is library research with a normative basis. While the approach used by the author is the statute approach so that the primary source of material is obtained from statutory literature, minutes or official records in making legislation, and judges' decisions. The research results show: First, the need to create a consumer protection system that contains elements of legal certainty. Second, legal protection for consumers in buying and selling transactions through electronic media consists of two concepts of legal protection, namely preventive legal protection and repressive legal protection.Keywords: Legal Protection, Consumers; Electronic buying and selling transaction

Formulation of Correctional System Model in Corruption Enforcement in Indonesia

Corruption in Indonesia requires the right formulation. The rule of law and punishment system in Indonesia is still weak against criminals. This paper tries to find the right formula in punishing corruptors because the existing punishment system is still breakable and is deemed ineffective in preventing it. This paper belongs to a type of normative approach with a descriptive-analytical. This paper reveals that there are weaknesses in the rule of law in corruption compromise, resulting in increasing corruption every year. Data from ICW in 2018 shows that corruption is still considered a common crime, and the current punishment system does not reflect the firmness in determining the maximum punishment. It is exacerbated by the sale and purchase of facilities in prisons, which results in public distrust of the law. In other countries, Indonesia must be more severe in punishing bribery and corruption, including extraordinary crimes against the people. The conclusion in this paper is to formulate a religious and moral approach in punishing corruptors such as social sanctions, public humiliation, being a cleaning worker, life imprisonment, being exiled, taking political rights, even being humiliated in public so that it becomes a new formula in corrupt penalty system.&nbsp

Dukungan Sosial Dan Regulasi Emosi Atlet Bulutangkis PB.PMS

Abstract Emotional regulation is needed to make badminton athletes have the ability to express and manage emotions and can show good attitudes and behavior according to the situation and conditions in the field. The aim is to find out the relationship between social support and emotional regulation of PB.PMS badminton athletes. The hypothesis is that there is a positive relationship between social support and emotional regulation of PB.PMS badminton athletes. The method of data collection uses a quantitative approach and the measurement tools used are social support scale and emotion regulation scale. The analytical method used is the product moment technique. The study population amounted to 100 people. The sample used was 52 badminton athletes. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Based on the results of data analysis obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.471; sign (p) = 0,000 (p <0.05) which means there is a very significant positive relationship between social support and emotional regulation of PB.PMS badminton athletes. Effective contribution or role of social support for emotional regulation is 22.1%, the remaining 77.9% is influenced by other factors. The social support variable has an empirical mean (RE) of 68.50 and a hypothetical (RH) 65 average so that it has a moderate category, while the emotional regulation variable has an empirical mean (RE) of 74.40 and a hypothetical (RH) average of 72, 5 so that it has a category that is classified as medium. Keywords: Social support, Emotion Regulation, badminton athlete

EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE AND GENE EXPRESSION OF BARRAMUNDI, Lates calcarifer POST-INFECTION OF NERVOUS NECROSIS VIRUS

The most common problem in barramundi Lates calcarifer seedling production is the high mortality (&gt; 90%) caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infection. This research aims to evaluate the resistance and gene expression of barramundi challenged by NNV. Two populations were used in this study, i.e., Australian, and Situbondo-originated barramundi populations. The immune-related gene expression levels in the liver, head of kidney, and spleen were observed at 48 and 96 hours after post-infection (hpi). Barramundi’s survival and blood parameters were evaluated post-NNV infection. The results showed that the highest survival was revealed in Situbondo’s barramundi (42.0±4.47%) compared to Australian barramundi (20.0±7.07%) and no mortality was observed in the control without NNV infection. The higher survival rate in barramundi from Situbondo was in line with the blood profile. The number of red blood cell from Situbondo barramundi post-NNV infection (ST) at 96 hpi was higher (P&lt;0.05) than Australian barramundi post-NNV infection (AT). The number of white blood cell of ST at 48 hpi was higher (P&lt;0.05) than AT, but started to decrease at 96 hpi in ST barramundi. The total white blood cell in AT barramundi increased from 48 to 192 hpi. TNFα and IL1-β gene expression levels were significantly higher in the liver, head kidney, and spleen of Situbondo compared to Australian barramundi at 48 hpi, while MHCIIα gene expression in Situbondo’s was significantly higher compared to Australian barramundi at 96 hpi. These results indicate the important roles of all the genes in the barramundi’s immune responses against viral infection. Based on the results of the research, Situbondo’s barramundi has the potential to be used as a candidate for generating broodstock of disease-resistant strain