Interplanetary Consequences of a Large CME

We analyze a coronal mass ejection (CME) which resulted from an intense flare in active region AR486 on November 4, 2003. The CME propagation and speed are studied with interplanetary scintillation images, near-Earth space mission data, and Ulysses measurements. Together, these diverse diagnostics suggest that the internal magnetic energy of the CME determines its interplanetary consequences.Comment: 5 pages, 9 figures, To appear in "Magnetic Coupling between the Interior and the Atmosphere of the Sun", eds. S.S. Hasan and R.J. Rutten, Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin, 200

A Study on Customer Satisfaction Towards in Health Drinks in Theni District

This research is mainly dealt with the mindset of the consumers buying health drinks. The study on the Brand Loyalty on Consumer Health Drink explains the Taste, Preference. Essential also of the consumers consuming health drinks in their day to day life. This research also focuses on the changing preference of the customers because, in today\u27s time, there are much more options in choosing the health drinks according to the consumers taste. To increase the customer\u27s satisfaction, marketers have developed various marketing programs

High Gain Interleaved Boost Converter for Fuel Cell Applications

Fuel cell is one of the promising technologies for distributed generation. For designing high efficiency fuel cell power systems, a suitable DC-DC converter is required. Among the various topologies, interleaved converters using switched capacitor are considered as a better solution for fuel cell systems due to high conversion efficiency. The objective of the paper is to design and implement a high gain interleaved converter using switched capacitors for fuel cell systems. In the proposed interleaved converter, the front end inductors are magnetically cross-coupled to improve the electrical performance and reduce the weight and size. Also, switched capacitors are used to improve the voltage gain of the converter. The proposed converter has been performed. Simulation study of interleaved converter using switched capacitors interfaced with fuel cells has been studied using Matlab/Simulink. A prototype has been developed to verify the simulation results

Short course chemotherapy study in tuberculous meningitis in children

A total of 215 patients with tuberculous meningitis were treated for nine months with one of the following two regimens: The first regimen consisted of 5 drugs namely Streptomycin, Isoniazid and Ethambutol given daily, supplemented with Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide thrice a week for the first two months, followed by Rifampicin and Isoniazid twice a week for the next seven months. Regimen II was similar to Regimen I excepting that Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide were given twice a week during the first two months of intensive phase, instead of thrice a week. As a general policy, steroids were administered to all the patients for a period of 6 to 8 weeks. On admission, 56% of the patients were aged less than 2 years and 75% less than five years. Forty-five patients (21%) were classified as stage I, 160 (74%) as stage II and only 10 (5%) as stage III. Cerebrospinal fluid culture was positive for tubercle bacilli either by smear, culture or both in 47%. Smear was negative and culture alone was positive in 74 patients and in 14 patients both smear and culture were positive. Of the 88 culture positive patients, in 7 (8%) the cultures were resistant to Streptomycin alone, in 12 (14%) to INH alone, in 11 (12%) to both Streptomycin and INH, while in 2 (2%) patients, they were resistant to all the three drugs. The response to therapy was similar in both the regimens. The mortality was very high, namely 31%, despite using intensive regimens. There was a strong association between the stage on admission and the mortality rate, the latter being highest in stages II and III. This emphasises the need for early diagnosis and treatment in tuberculous meningitis

Comparison of the world health organization and the International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups criteria in diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus in South Indians

We aimed to compare the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) and the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria to diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chennai, India. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the retrospective data of 1351 pregnant women who underwent screening for GDM at four selected diabetes centers at Chennai (three private and one government). All women underwent an oral glucose tolerance test using 75g glucose load and fasting, 1-h, and 2-h samples were collected. The IADPSG and WHO criteria were compared for diagnosis of GDM. Results: A total of 839 women had GDM by either the IADPSG or the WHO criteria, of whom the IADPSG criteria identifi ed 699 and the WHO criteria also identifi ed 699 women as having GDM. However, only 599/839 women (66.6%) were identifi ed by both criteria. Thus, 140/839 women (16.7%) were missed by both the IADPSG and the WHO criteria. 687/699 (98.2%) of the women with GDM were identifi ed by the WHO criteria. In contrast, each value of IADPSG criteria i.e., fasting, 1 h, and 2 h identifi ed only 12.5%, 14%, and 22%, respectively. Conclusions: A single WHO cut-point of 2 h140 mg/dl appears to be suitable for large-scale screening for GDM in India and other developing countries

Multi-wavelength Diagnostics of the Precursor and Main phases of an M1.8 Flare on 2011 April 22

We study the temporal, spatial and spectral evolution of the M1.8 flare, which occurred in NOAA AR 11195 (S17E31) on 22 April 2011, and explore the underlying physical processes during the precursors and their relation to the main phase. The study of the source morphology using the composite images in 131 {\deg}A wavelength observed by the SDO/AIA and 6-14 keV revealed a multiloop system that destabilized systematically during the precursor and main phases. In contrast, HXR emission (20-50 keV) was absent during the precursor phase, appearing only from the onset of the impulsive phase in the form of foot-points of emitting loop/s. This study has also revealed the heated loop-top prior to the loop emission, although no accompanying foot-point sources were observed during the precursor phase. We estimate the flare plasma parameters viz. T, EM, power-law index, and photon turn-over energy by forward fitting RHESSI spectral observations. The energy released in the precursor phase was thermal and constituted ~1 per cent of the total energy released during the flare. The study of morphological evolution of the filament in conjunction with synthesized T and EM maps has been carried out which reveals (a) Partial filament eruption prior to the onset of the precursor emission, (b) Heated dense plasma over the polarity inversion line and in the vicinity of the slowly rising filament during the precursor phase. Based on the implications from multi-wavelength observations, we propose a scheme to unify the energy release during the precursor and main phase emissions in which, the precursor phase emission has been originated via conduction front formed due to the partial filament eruption. Next, the heated leftover S-shaped filament has undergone slow rise and heating due to magnetic reconnection and finally erupted to produce emission during the impulsive and gradual phases.Comment: 16 Pages, 11 Figures, Accepted for Publication in MNRAS Main Journa

A STUDY ON COHOMOLOGY RINGS

Cohomology is a general term for a sequence of abelian groups defined from a cochain complex. That is, cohomology is defined as the abstract study of cochains, cocycles and coboundaries. Cohomology can be viewed as a method of assigning algebraic invariants to a topological space that has a more refined algebraic structure than the homolog

Salivary Progesterone as a Biochemical Marker to Predict preterm birth in Asymptomatic High Risk Women

This prospective study was conducted in 90 asymptomatic high risk women attending antenatal clinic in the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from January 2015 to March 2016. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: 1. To evaluate salivary progesterone as a marker of preterm birth. 2. To compare it with transvaginal cervical length in predicting preterm birth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The information pertaining to the study like age, height, weight, BMI, socioeconomic status, occupational status, passive smoking, gestational age at delivery, NICU admission and neonatal mortality were collected from the 90 enrolled AN mothers. Two saliva samples were collected at 24 to 28 weeks and then at 29 to 32 weeks, simultaneously with transvaginal cervical length measurement. They were followed throughout the antenatal period for development of exclusion criteria. Details about gestational age at delivery, birth weight, NICU admission and neonatal mortality were collected. RESULTS: Sensitivity and specificity of salivary progesterone in predicting preterm labour, when done between 24 to 28 weeks was 100% and 94.2% respectively when the criterion was set as ≤ 3903pg/ml. The same when repeated between 29 to 32 weeks, sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 100% respectively when the criterion was set as ≤ 2975pg/ml. Sensitivity and specificity for trannsvaginal cervical length in predicting preterm labour was 91.7% and 95.7% respectively at 24 to 28 weeks when the criterion was set as ≤ 3.1cm and 100% and 98.6% respectively, when done at 29 to 32 weeks, and the criterion set as ≤ 2.9cm. There is increased incidence of preterm labour in group with history of passive smoking (66.7% in preterm group and 34.8% in term group. Neonates belonging to preterm birth group had higher incidence of NICU admissions (13.6% in preterm group and 6.2% in term group). Incidence of neonatal mortality is 1.2% in the pretem group which is significant (P=0.016). CONCLUSION: Salivary progesterone levels was a better predictor of preterm labour when compared to transvaginal cervical length as it has better sensitivity and specificity, non invasive, easier sample collection and does not need technical expertise. Salivary progesterone estimation done at 29 to 32 weeks has a better sensitivity and specificity than at 24 to 28 weeks

VECTOR EQUATION AND STRAIGHT LINE

We will study some of the basic concepts about vectors various operations on vectors, their algebraic and geometric properties. These two types of properties, when considered to gather give full realizations to the concepts of vectors, and lead to their vital applicability in various areas