Influence of leader efficacy and emotional intelligence on personal caring in physical activity

Journal ArticleScholars in youth development, education, and sport are examining the formative contexts of classrooms, music halls, and playing fields to gain a better understanding of positive development in children. Of particular interest are the leaders in these contexts (e.g., teachers, conductors, and coaches) and their ability to nurture the social-emotional skills that provide the foundation for development across the lifespan (Elias, 2003; Kress, Norris, Schoenholz, Elias, & Seigle, 2004). Learning contexts that emphasize caring are fundamental to positive development because a caring and supportive environment positively influences children's social-emotional competencies, character development, and personal mastery (Elias, 2003; Kress et al., 2004; Noblit, 1993; Noblit, Rogers, & McCadden, 1995; Noddings, 1995, 2002; Tappan, 1998; Wentzel, 1997)

The Influence of Leader Efficacy and Emotional Intelligence on Personal Caring in Physical Activity

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EurOP2E – the European Open Platform for Prescribing Education, a consensus study among clinical pharmacology and therapeutics teachers

Purpose Sharing and developing digital educational resources and open educational resources has been proposed as a way to harmonize and improve clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) education in European medical schools. Previous research, however, has shown that there are barriers to the adoption and implementation of open educational resources. The aim of this study was to determine perceived opportunities and barriers to the use and creation of open educational resources among European CPT teachers and possible solutions for these barriers. Methods CPT teachers of British and EU medical schools completed an online survey. Opportunities and challenges were identified by thematic analyses and subsequently discussed in an international consensus meeting. Results Data from 99 CPT teachers from 95 medical schools were analysed. Thirty teachers (30.3%) shared or collaboratively produced digital educational resources. All teachers foresaw opportunities in the more active use of open educational resources, including improving the quality of their teaching. The challenges reported were language barriers, local differences, lack of time, technological issues, difficulties with quality management, and copyright restrictions. Practical solutions for these challenges were discussed and include a peer review system, clear indexing, and use of copyright licenses that permit adaptation of resources. Conclusion Key challenges to making greater use of CPT open educational resources are a limited applicability of such resources due to language and local differences and quality concerns. These challenges may be resolved by relatively simple measures, such as allowing adaptation and translation of resources and a peer review system

A many-analysts approach to the relation between religiosity and well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N=10,535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β=0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β=0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

A Many-analysts Approach to the Relation Between Religiosity and Well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N = 10, 535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β = 0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β = 0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

Colloidal Arenethiolate-Capped PbS Quantum Dots: Optoelectronic Properties, Self-Assembly and Application in Solution-Cast Photovoltaics

Suitable postsynthesis surface modification of lead-chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs) is crucial to enable their integration in photovoltaic devices. Here we exploit arenethiolate anions to completely replace pristine oleate ligands on PbS QDs in the solution phase, thus preserving the colloidal stability of QDs and allowing their solution-based processability into photoconductive thin films. Complete QD surface modification relies on the stronger acidic character of arenethiols compared to that of alkanethiols and is demonstrated by FTIR and UVvisNIR absorption spectroscopy analyses, which provide quantitative evaluation of stoichiometry and thermodynamic stability of the resulting system. Arenethiolate ligands induce a noticeable reduction of the optical band gap of PbS QDs, which is described and explained by charge transfer interactions occurring at the organic/inorganic interface that relax exciton confinement, and a large increase of QD molar absorption coefficient, achieved through the conjugated moiety of the replacing ligands. In addition, surface modification in the solution phase promotes switching of the symmetry of PbS QD self-assembled superlattices from hexagonal to cubic close packing, which is accompanied by further reduction of the optical band gap, ascribed to inter-QD exciton delocalization and dielectric effects, together with a drastic improvement of the charge transport properties in PbS QD solids. As a result, smooth dense-packed thin films of arenethiolate-capped PbS QDs can be integrated in heterojunction solar cells via a single solution-processing step. Such single PbS QD layers exhibit abated cracking upon thermal or chemical postdeposition treatment, and the corresponding devices generate remarkable photocurrent densities and overall efficiencies, thus representing an effective strategy toward low-cost processing for QD-based photovoltaics