Un nouveau cachet à collyres découvert à Reims/<i>Durocortorum</i>

International audienceA new eyedrop cachet, discovered during the excavation of the aquatic complex of Reims in 2018, presents morphological and epigraphic features of particular interest for the history of medicine. It presents a magnificent series of letters, engraved in right to left script, which confirms that Roman medicine was part of the Greek therapeutic tradition. They also reveal a new name for eyedrops and the profession of two practitioners. The discovery of the eyedrop stamp of Lucius Iulius Verus thus confirms the incomparable position held by Reims/Durocortorum in the history of Greco-Roman ophthalmology.Un nouveau cachet à collyres, découvert lors de la fouille du complexe aqualudique de Reims en 2018, présente des caractéristiques morphologiques et épigraphiques particulièrement intéressantes pour l’histoire de la médecine. Ses magnifiques séries de lettres gravées en caractères rétrogrades confirment l’inscription de la médecine romaine dans la tradition thérapeutique grecque. Elles permettent en outre de découvrir un nouveau nom de collyre et la filiation professionnelle de deux praticiens. La découverte du cachet à collyres de Lucius Iulius Verus confirme ainsi la place incomparable de Reims/Durocortorum dans l’histoire de l’ophtalmologie gréco-romaine

Un nouveau cachet à collyres découvert à Reims/<i>Durocortorum</i>

International audienceA new eyedrop cachet, discovered during the excavation of the aquatic complex of Reims in 2018, presents morphological and epigraphic features of particular interest for the history of medicine. It presents a magnificent series of letters, engraved in right to left script, which confirms that Roman medicine was part of the Greek therapeutic tradition. They also reveal a new name for eyedrops and the profession of two practitioners. The discovery of the eyedrop stamp of Lucius Iulius Verus thus confirms the incomparable position held by Reims/Durocortorum in the history of Greco-Roman ophthalmology.Un nouveau cachet à collyres, découvert lors de la fouille du complexe aqualudique de Reims en 2018, présente des caractéristiques morphologiques et épigraphiques particulièrement intéressantes pour l’histoire de la médecine. Ses magnifiques séries de lettres gravées en caractères rétrogrades confirment l’inscription de la médecine romaine dans la tradition thérapeutique grecque. Elles permettent en outre de découvrir un nouveau nom de collyre et la filiation professionnelle de deux praticiens. La découverte du cachet à collyres de Lucius Iulius Verus confirme ainsi la place incomparable de Reims/Durocortorum dans l’histoire de l’ophtalmologie gréco-romaine

Un nouveau cachet à collyres découvert à Reims/<i>Durocortorum</i>

International audienceA new eyedrop cachet, discovered during the excavation of the aquatic complex of Reims in 2018, presents morphological and epigraphic features of particular interest for the history of medicine. It presents a magnificent series of letters, engraved in right to left script, which confirms that Roman medicine was part of the Greek therapeutic tradition. They also reveal a new name for eyedrops and the profession of two practitioners. The discovery of the eyedrop stamp of Lucius Iulius Verus thus confirms the incomparable position held by Reims/Durocortorum in the history of Greco-Roman ophthalmology.Un nouveau cachet à collyres, découvert lors de la fouille du complexe aqualudique de Reims en 2018, présente des caractéristiques morphologiques et épigraphiques particulièrement intéressantes pour l’histoire de la médecine. Ses magnifiques séries de lettres gravées en caractères rétrogrades confirment l’inscription de la médecine romaine dans la tradition thérapeutique grecque. Elles permettent en outre de découvrir un nouveau nom de collyre et la filiation professionnelle de deux praticiens. La découverte du cachet à collyres de Lucius Iulius Verus confirme ainsi la place incomparable de Reims/Durocortorum dans l’histoire de l’ophtalmologie gréco-romaine

Nanobodies as structural probes to investigate the mechanism of fibril formation by the amyloidogenic variants of human lysozyme

Six variants of human lysozyme (single-point mutations I56T, F57I, W64R, D67H and double mutations F57I/T70N, W112R/T70N) are associated with a hereditary non-neuropathic systemic amyloidose. These proteins form extracellular amyloid fibrils that deposit in a wide range of tissues and organs such as liver, spleen and kidneys where they cause damages [1]. It was shown that the D67H and I56T mutations cause a loss in stability and more particularly a loss of global cooperativity of protein [1]. Consequently, under physiologically relevant conditions, these variants can transiently populate a partially unfolded state in which the beta-domain and the C-helix are cooperatively unfolded while the rest of the protein remains native like [1]. The formation of intermolecular interactions between the regions that are unfolded in this intermediate state is likely to be a fundamental trigger of the aggregation process that ultimately leads to the formation and deposition of fibrils in tissues. We have also shown that the binding of three variable domain of camelid antibodies or (VHHs) - raised against the wild type human lysozyme inhibit in vitro the formation of amyloid fibrils by the lysozyme variants. These three VHHs bind on different regions of lysozyme and act as amyloid fibrils inhibitor through different mechanisms [2, 3, and unpublished results]. In the present work, sixteen new VHHs specific of human lysozyme have been generated. Competition experiments have shown that they bind to five non overlapping epitopes. We have demonstrated that five of these new VHHs are able to bind lysozyme in conditions used for amyloid fibril formation, and interestingly two of them recognize two epitopes that are different from those of the three VHHs previously characterized [2, 3, and unpublished results]. The effects of these new VHHs on the properties of lysozyme variants such as activity, stability, cooperativity and aggregation will be discussed

Reims antique, capitale de province

Ce dossier réunit 21 études portant sur la ville antique de Reims et relevant de disciplines et de domaines de recherche variés. Outre la présentation attendue des résultats des dernières grandes fouilles rémoises, notamment les opérations menées en amont des travaux du tramway et celle réalisée en contexte humide sur le site du boulevard Dr Henri-Henrot, certaines interventions antérieures, demeurées jusqu’alors quasiment inédites, font l’objet d’une publication à l’exemple du complexe monumental de la rue Belin. Un bilan des connaissances est ainsi mis à disposition, offrant de nouveaux éclairages sur l’exploitation des ressources végétales et du milieu naturel, particulièrement pour la construction. Au coeur de la ville, plusieurs équipements publics sont évoqués tels que les édifices de spectacle et lieux de culte localisés dans un secteur clé de l’agglomération antique situé en périphérie nord (amphithéâtre et temples des rues Belin et Lecointre). Les formes de l’habitat urbain, qu’il soit aristocratique ou plus modeste, sont ensuite étudiées avant une mise en exergue de quelques mobiliers singuliers (vaisselle en bronze et argent, figurine, cachet à collyres), puis une exploration des traces laissées par plusieurs activités de production (métallurgie, artisanats du textile et du cuir, travail du verre). Toutes ces contributions renforcent l’importance qu’avait Reims en tant que capitale de la province de Gaule Belgique et grande place économique, et composent un dossier d’un intérêt majeur en matière d’archéologie et d’histoire urbaine des Gaules et des Germanies romaines

Sotrovimab therapy elicits antiviral activities against Omicron BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5 in sera of immunocompromised patients [letter]

International audienc

Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

International audienceThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 disease in the French national population of dialysis patients, their course of illness and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality. Our study included all patients on dialysis recorded in the French REIN Registry in April 2020. Clinical characteristics at last follow-up and the evolution of COVID-19 illness severity over time were recorded for diagnosed cases (either suspicious clinical symptoms, characteristic signs on the chest scan or a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 1,621 infected patients were reported on the REIN registry from March 16th, 2020 to May 4th, 2020. Of these, 344 died. The prevalence of COVID-19 patients varied from less than 1% to 10% between regions. The probability of being a case was higher in males, patients with diabetes, those in need of assistance for transfer or treated at a self-care unit. Dialysis at home was associated with a lower probability of being infected as was being a smoker, a former smoker, having an active malignancy, or peripheral vascular disease. Mortality in diagnosed cases (21%) was associated with the same causes as in the general population. Higher age, hypoalbuminemia and the presence of an ischemic heart disease were statistically independently associated with a higher risk of death. Being treated at a selfcare unit was associated with a lower risk. Thus, our study showed a relatively low frequency of COVID-19 among dialysis patients contrary to what might have been assumed