Densidade de sementes de três espécies de maracujazeiro na emergência e desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas

Parte das sementes de maracujazeiro quando embebidas em água permanece flutuante, recomendando-se seu descarte dentro do lote. Porém, o potencial germinativo e o vigor deste material são desconhecidos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da densidade de sementes de três espécies de maracujazeiro na emergência e desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas. O trabalho foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Viçosa (MG). As sementes foram extraídas de frutos maduros de Passiflora edulis Sims., P. mucronata e P. alata. Após, estas foram embebidas em água destilada, permanecendo por 24 horas. Posteriormente, as sementes foram separadas de acordo com sua densidade por análise visual, sendo aquelas sobre a película de água destilada, consideradas flutuantes e as do fundo do recipiente plástico como submersas. Foi utilizado delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, em fatorial 3 x 2 (Espécie x Densidade), com quatro repetições, considerando 50 sementes como unidade experimental. Após 28 dias da semeadura foram analisadas a emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência; comprimento total, de raiz e parte aérea das plântulas; número de folhas e massa seca total das plântulas. A densidade das sementes exerce influência sobre a emergência e desenvolvimento inicial das três espécies de maracujazeiro. Para propagação sexuada de P. edulis Sims. e P. mucronata recomenda-se o uso de sementes submersas e para P. alata pode-se utilizar sementes que se mantém submersas ou não após a embebição em água.Part of passion fruit seeds when soaked in water solution presented float, recommending their disposition. However, the germination potential and vigor of these seeds is unknow. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of density on seed emergence and early growth of three passion fruit species. The work was carried out at the Department of Plant Science, of the Federal University of Viçosa (MG), Brazil. Seeds were extracted from ripe from ripe fruits of Passiflora edulis Sims., P. mucronata and P. alata species. After the seeds extraction, they were soaked in distilled water, staying for 24 hours. Then, the seeds were separated according to their density by visual analysis. The seeds on the film of distilled water were considered floating, and those on the bottom of the plastic container as submerged. Experimental design used was a completely randomized blocks, in a factorial 3 x 2 (specie x density), with four replications, 50 seeds as experimental unit. After 28 days of sowing, the emergence percentage; emergence speed; total, first root and aerial part plantlet length; leaves number and plantlet mass total drought, were evaluated. The density had influence on the emergence and early growth of three species of passion fruit. For sexual propagation of P. edulis Sims. and P. mucronata it were recommended to use submerged seeds after water soaking. For P. alata can be used submerged and non-submerged seeds

Substratos na formação de mudas para pessegueiro

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de quatro substratos no crescimento inicial de pessegueiro cv. Campinas 1. O trabalho foi realizado no Departamento de Fitotecnia, da UFV. As sementes após a estratificação foram semeadas em recipiente plástico (2 litros), sendo utilizados como substratos: Plantmax®; Plantmax® + Areia (1:2 v/v); Plantmax® + Latossolo Vermelho (1:2 v/v) e Plantmax ® + Torta de Filtro de Bagaço de Cana-de-Açúcar (1:1 v/v). Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, considerando-se como unidade experimental, cada cinco recipientes plásticos. Após 120 dias da semeadura, foram analisados o comprimento total, o da parte aérea e de raiz, diâmetro do caule, massa da matéria da parte aérea e da raiz e número de ramificações primárias dos porta-enxertos de pessegueiro. Concluiu-se que o substrato teve influência na formação de porta-enxertos para pessegueiro, recomendando-se a utilização das misturas Plantmax® + Latossolo Vermelho e Plantmax ® + Torta de Filtro de Bagaço de Cana-de-Açúcar.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of four substrates in the peach seedling production, cv. Campinas-1. The study was carried out in the Department of Plant Science, at Viçosa Federal University, state of Minas Gerais (Brazil). After stratification, the seeds were sowed in plastic bags (2 liters), using as substrates: Plantmax ® ; Plantmax ® + Sand (1:2 v/v); Plantmax ® + Red Latosol (1:2 v/v) and Plantmax ® + Filter Cake from Sugar Cane (1:1 v/v). The experiment was designed in randomized blocks, with four replications, being each five plastic bags considered as pilot. After 120 days of sowing, the total length, height and root length, stem diameter, aerial part and root mass of thendry matter and, the primary ramification number were evaluated. The study concluded that the substrate affected the peach rootstocks production, recommending the use of the mixtures Plantmax ® + Red Latosol and Plantmax ® + Filter Cake from Sugar Cane

Whole-genome sequencing of 1,171 elderly admixed individuals from Brazil

As whole-genome sequencing (WGS) becomes the gold standard tool for studying population genomics and medical applications, data on diverse non-European and admixed individuals are still scarce. Here, we present a high-coverage WGS dataset of 1,171 highly admixed elderly Brazilians from a census-based cohort, providing over 76 million variants, of which ~2 million are absent from large public databases. WGS enables identification of ~2,000 previously undescribed mobile element insertions without previous description, nearly 5 Mb of genomic segments absent from the human genome reference, and over 140 alleles from HLA genes absent from public resources. We reclassify and curate pathogenicity assertions for nearly four hundred variants in genes associated with dominantly-inherited Mendelian disorders and calculate the incidence for selected recessive disorders, demonstrating the clinical usefulness of the present study. Finally, we observe that whole-genome and HLA imputation could be significantly improved compared to available datasets since rare variation represents the largest proportion of input from WGS. These results demonstrate that even smaller sample sizes of underrepresented populations bring relevant data for genomic studies, especially when exploring analyses allowed only by WGS

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries