90 research outputs found
Vector magnetic field microscopy using nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond
The localized spin triplet ground state of a nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in
diamond can be used in atomic-scale detection of local magnetic fields. Here we
present a technique using these defects in diamond to image fields around
magnetic structures. We extract the local magnetic field vector by probing
resonant transitions of the four fixed tetrahedral NV orientations. In
combination with confocal microscopy techniques, we construct a 2-dimensional
image of the local magnetic field vectors. Measurements are done in external
fields less than 50 G and under ambient conditions.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Internal magnetic fields in thin ZnSe epilayers
Strain induced spin-splitting is observed and characterized using pump-probe
Kerr rotation spectroscopy in n-ZnSe epilayers grown on GaAs substrates. The
spin-splitting energies are mapped out as a function of pump-probe separation,
applied voltage, and temperature in a series of samples of varying epilayer
thicknesses and compressive strain arising from epilayer-substrate lattice
mismatch. The strain is independently quantified using photoluminescence and
x-ray diffraction measurements. We observe that the magnitude of the spin
splitting increases with applied voltage and temperature, and is highly crystal
direction dependent, vanishing along [1 1-bar 0].Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Electrical control of spin coherence in ZnO
Electric field enhanced electron spin coherence is characterized using
time-resolved Faraday rotation spectroscopy in n-type ZnO epilayers grown by
molecular beam epitaxy. An in-plane dc electric field E almost doubles the
transverse spin lifetime at 20 K, without affecting the effective g-factor.
This effect persists till high temperatures, but decreases with increasing
carrier concentration. Comparisons of the variations in the spin lifetime, the
carrier recombination lifetime and photoluminescence lifetimes indicate that
the applied E enhances the radiative recombination rate. All observed effects
are independent of crystal directionality and are performed at low magnetic
fields (B < 0.2 T).Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
Applicant perspectives during selection
We provide a comprehensive but critical review of research on applicant reactions to selection procedures published since 2000 (n = 145), when the last major review article on applicant reactions appeared in the Journal of Management. We start by addressing the main criticisms levied against the field to determine whether applicant reactions matter to individuals and employers (“So what?”). This is followed by a consideration of “What’s new?” by conducting a comprehensive and detailed review of applicant reaction research centered upon four areas of growth: expansion of the theoretical lens, incorporation of new technology in the selection arena, internationalization of applicant reactions research, and emerging boundary conditions. Our final section focuses on “Where to next?” and offers an updated and integrated conceptual model of applicant reactions, four key challenges, and eight specific future research questions. Our conclusion is that the field demonstrates stronger research designs, with studies incorporating greater control, broader constructs, and multiple time points. There is also solid evidence that applicant reactions have significant and meaningful effects on attitudes, intentions, and behaviors. At the same time, we identify some remaining gaps in the literature and a number of critical questions that remain to be explored, particularly in light of technological and societal changes
The meaning of my feelings depends on who I am: work-related identifications shape emotion effects in organizations
Theory and research on affect in organizations has mostly approached emotions from a valence perspective, suggesting that positive emotions lead to positive outcomes and negative emotions to negative outcomes for organizations. We propose that cognition resulting from emotional experiences at work cannot be assumed based on emotion valence alone. Instead, building on appraisal theory and social identity theory, we propose that individual responses to discrete emotions in organizations are shaped by, and thus depend on, work-related identifications. We elaborate on this proposition specifically with respect to turnover intentions, theorizing how three discrete emotions - anger, guilt, and pride - differentially affect turnover intentions, depending on two work-related identifications - organizational and occupational identification. A longitudinal study involving 135 pilot instructors reporting emotions, work-related identifications, and turnover intentions over the course of one year provides general support for our proposition. Our theory and findings advance emotion and identity theories by explaining how the effects of emotions are dependent on the psychological context in which they are experienced
Destination marketing and visitor experiences: the development of a conceptual framework
When confronted with increasingly experienced, demanding, and sophisticated visitors, destination marketers may find it problematic to succeed in destination marketing. This article attempts to address this challenge through the exploration of the relationship between destination image and two critical indicators of successful destination marketing: visitor delight and place attachment. It integratesdisparate themes in destination marketing and recognizes the relationshipsbetween marketing stimuli, customer experiences, and marketing outcomes. A comprehensive and coherent theoretical model is established to explain the complexities involved in the formation of important destination marketing outcomes. This article critically examines fun and customer orientation as two key concepts of visitor experiences and proposes them as principal mechanisms that mediate the relationship between destination image and visitor responses (visitor delight and place attachment). The article’s theoretical contributions, limitations, and practical implications for tourism authorities and destination marketers are discussedN/
Antecedents of turnover intentions in Colombian cooperatives
This paper presents a study on the intentions to quit of employees working in Colombian cooperatives. These enterprises were created to include woman affected by political violence into the labor market. According to some scholars, cooperative enterprises driven by a fundamental social mission face retention and recruitment problems. 332 workers participated in the survey. Structural Equation Modeling was used for data analyses. The findings suggest that within this type of enterprise, leader-member exchange has a negative indirect effect on turnover intentions. Consistent with previous research, this relationship is mediated by perceived organizational support. Moreover, the relationship between leader-member exchange and turnover intentions is also mediated by job-embeddedness. The limitations of the study as well as practical and theoretical implications are presented at the end of the paper
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