Psychiatric aspects of tumours of the central nervous system

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The impact of writing about gratitude on the intention to engage in prosocial behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has quickly swept the globe leaving a devastating trail of lost human lives and leading to a public health and economic crisis. With this in mind, prosociality has been heralded as a potential important factor to overcome the negative effects of the pandemic. As such, in this study, we examined the effectiveness of a brief reflexive writing exercise about recent experiences of gratitude on individuals’ intentions to engage in prosocial behaviors using a sample of 253 participants living in Portugal and 280 participants living in Brazil. Participants were randomly assigned to either a condition in which they were asked to write about recent experiences of gratitude or a control group in which they were asked to write about daily tasks. We predicted that the gratitude intervention would increase state gratitude and, consequently, increase positive affect and empathic concern, and decrease negative affect, leading to increased intentions to engage in prosocial behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. A moderated serial–parallel mediation analysis, in which we controlled for gender, age, and level of religiosity, indicated that our manipulation led to increases in state gratitude, which in turn increased positive emotions and empathic concern, leading to increased prosocial intentions in both countries. A content analysis of participants’ responses in the gratitude group revealed that relationships with others and health and well-being were the central themes of their gratitude experiences during the COVID-19 global pandemic.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The impact of writing about gratitude on the intention to engage in prosocial behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has quickly swept the globe leaving a devastating trail of lost human lives and leading to a public health and economic crisis. With this in mind, prosociality has been heralded as potential important factor to overcome the negative effects of the pandemic. As such, in this study, we examined the effectiveness of a brief reflexive writing exercise about recent experiences of gratitude on individuals' intentions to engage in prosocial behaviors using a sample of 253 participants living in Portugal and 280 participants living in Brazil. Participants were randomly assigned to either a condition in which they were asked to write about recent experiences of gratitude, or a control group in which they were asked to write about daily tasks. We predicted that the gratitude intervention would increase state gratitude, and consequently, increase positive affect and empathic concern, and decrease negative affect, leading to increased intentions to engage in prosocial behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. A moderated serial-parallel mediation analysis, in which we controlled for gender, age, and level of religiosity, indicated that our manipulation led to increases in state gratitude, which in turn increased positive emotions and empathic concern, leading to increased prosocial intentions in both countries. A content analysis of participants’ responses in the gratitude group revealed that relationships with others and health and well-being were the central themes of their gratitude experiences during the COVID-19 global pandemic.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hybridisation at work

This paper presents the encoding of the hybridisation method into the HETS platform.FC

Suprascapular nerve block in shoulder dislocation

Background: The suprascapular nerve is the main sensitive nerve of the shoulder. In 1973, the suprascapular nerve block was applied in the reduction of a series of cases of acute shoulder dislocations using mepivacaine. Barber described a method using anatomic landmarks to locate and block the suprascapular nerve. Methods: This study was approved by our Institutional Review Board and all patients signed an informed consent. We performed a prospective longitudinal study, characterized by a consecutive series of first episode of traumatic shoulder dislocation in patients over 18 years old. From July 2020 to April 2022, 50 cases were included in our study. All patients had their pain evaluated before the blockage, during the reduction and after the reduction. We used the Barber method for the blockage and the Spaso maneuver for reduction. Results: From the 50 cases, 29 were males (58%). The mean age was 58,7 years. 47 cases were anterior dislocations, 2 cases posterior dislocations and one case of luxatio erecta. The mean initial VAS was 7.5 points (minimal 4, maximum 10). The main score during the reduction maneuver was 2 points (0-5) and the main score after reduction was 0,4 (0-3). In only one case, reduction was not successful after 3 attempts, and reduction was performed under sedation. Conclusions: The suprascapular nerve block by Barber’s method proves to be a secure, effective and simple procedure to aid the shoulder dislocation reduction in the emergency room, without the need of any imaging resources

Isolated traumatic dislocation of the cuboid

The cuboid bone stabilizes the lateral column of the foot. It articulates with the midtarsal and tarsometatarsal joints and this anatomically proportionates marked stability to the cuboid. Isolated dislocations of the cuboid a rare ocurrence. The authors present a rare case of an isolated traumatic dislocation of the cuboid bone without fracture and present a short review of the pertinent literature

Haemocompatibility of iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized for theranostic applications: a high-sensitivity microfluidic tool

The poor heating efficiency of the most reported magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), allied to the lack of comprehensive biocompatibility and haemodynamic studies, hampers the spread of multifunctional nanoparticles as the next generation of therapeutic bio-agents in medicine. The present work reports the synthesis and characterization, with special focus on biological/toxicological compatibility, of superparamagnetic nanoparticles with diameter around 18 nm, suitable for theranostic applications (i.e. simultaneous diagnosis and therapy of cancer). Envisioning more insights into the complex nanoparticle-red blood cells (RBCs) membrane interaction, the deformability of the human RBCs in contact with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was assessed for the first time with a microfluidic extensional approach, and used as an indicator of haematological disorders in comparison with a conventional haematological test, i.e. the haemolysis analysis. Microfluidic results highlight the potential of this microfluidic tool over traditional haemolysis analysis, by detecting small increments in the rigidity of the blood cells, when traditional haemotoxicology analysis showed no significant alteration (haemolysis rates lower than 2 %). The detected rigidity has been predicted to be due to the wrapping of small MNPs by the bilayer membrane of the RBCs, which is directly related to MNPs size, shape and composition. The proposed microfluidic tool adds a new dimension into the field of nanomedicine, allowing to be applied as a highsensitivity technique capable of bringing a better understanding of the biological impact of nanoparticles developed for clinical applications.This work was financially supported by: Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006984 – Associate Laboratory J Nanopart Res (2016) 18:194 Page 15 of 17 194 123 LSRE-LCM funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizac¸a˜o (POCI) – and by national funds through FCT - Fundac¸a˜o para a Cieˆncia e a Tecnologia. R.O.R. acknowledges the Ph.D. scholarship SFRH/BD/97658/2013 Granted by FCT. A.M.T.S acknowledges the FCT Investigator 2013 Programme (IF/01501/ 2013), with financing from the European Social Fund and the Human Potential Operational Programme. M.B. would like to thank ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) under grant PO Norte CCDR-N/ON.2 Programme. J.G. also thanks the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 600375.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

From Bouffée Délirante to Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorder: Concept Review in the Context of a Clinical Case

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Edifícios de habitação social: diagnóstico e cenários de intervenção no edificado

Este artigo decorre de um estudo de avaliação e diagnóstico das necessidades de intervenção em dois bairros sociais (a “Zona J” e a “Pantera Cor-de-rosa”), situados em Marvila (Chelas), na cidade de Lisboa, realizado por uma equipa do ISCTE - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, para o IHRU - Instituto de Habitação e Reabilitação Urbana. No essencial, o estudo propõe um instrumento de apoio à decisão das entidades responsáveis – o Gabinete Viver Marvila do Instituto da Habitação e da Reabilitação Urbana (IHRU) e a Câmara Municipal de Lisboa (CML) – sobre o futuro dos bairros em causa. Projectados e construídos nas décadas de 70 e 80 do século XX, reconhecem-se nestes bairros problemas de conflitualidade, gestão e governabilidade, assim como um avançado estado de degradação e deterioração do património edificado e do espaço público. Actualmente, o problema da habitação em Portugal já se não trata de uma questão quantitativa mas sim qualitativa. O défice habitacional, sentido na época em que foram projectados e construídos estes conjuntos urbanos, tem vindo a deixar de estar no centro do debate. Por outro lado, decorridos cerca de 30 a 40 anos desde a sua construção, estes apresentam já um considerável nível de deterioração, fruto de vandalizações constantes e, sobretudo, da ausência de manutenção do próprio edificado, evidenciando indícios de inadequabilidade à população que neles reside. Tratando-se de bairros de habitação social, a população residente é constituída maioritariamente por indivíduos com baixos recursos, famílias numerosas, idosos e desempregados, agravando-se o potencial de criminalidade e insegurança. Questionámos, na investigação realizada, se o facto de a tipologia urbana (neste caso – edifícios de grande porte, organizados em galeria) teria reflexos na forma como os seus habitantes vivem e usufruem o bairro. O facto de não existir uma hierarquia definida entre espaços públicos, semi-públicos e privados, assim como a indefinição da ligação entre estes, conduziu à existência de espaços anónimos ou impessoais, cuja utilização e apropriação é pouco clara dificultando a possibilidade de vigilância por parte da população residente ou visitante. Procurámos igualmente responder a um conjunto de questões que, tendo sido levantadas com o aprofundar do estudo, nos parecem pertinentes e actuais, dado o número de bairros com características semelhantes existentes em Portugal. Quais as soluções tipológicas e construtivas contemporâneas que respondem aos desejos dos moradores e, ao mesmo tempo, respondem às actuais normas e regulamentos da edificação? Quais as soluções tipológicas e construtivas contemporâneas que respondem às necessidades reais de quem lá habita e que, simultaneamente, ressalvam os pressupostos de qualidade inequívoca do projecto original? O que é que existe para conservar, reforçar ou eliminar? Qual o conjunto de exemplos e boas práticas que deveriam pautar o património construído de habitação social colectiva, ou a sua reabilitação? Foi a algumas destas questões que procurámos dar resposta através de propostas concretas de reorganização espacial, a partir do edificado e dos espaços urbanos existentes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio