The efficacy and safety of duloxetine in a multidrug regimen for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of duloxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of patients affected by chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). METHODS Thirty-eight CP/CPPS patients completed the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) and International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaires, uroflowmetry, and evaluation of psychologic status using Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D). Patients were randomly assigned to 2 treatments groups. Treatment in group 1 consisted of a simultaneous oral administration of tamsulosin (0.4 mg/d, 60 mg/d), saw palmetto (320 mg/d), and duloxetine (60 mg/d). Treatment in group 2 consisted of tamsulosin (0.4 mg/d) and saw palmetto (320 mg/d). NIH-CPSI and IIEF-5 questionnaires, uroflowmetry, and evaluation of the psychological status were repeated at 16 weeks of follow-up. RESULTS At 16 weeks, a significant improvement in NIH-CPSI pain subscore, NIH-CPSI quality of life subscore, and NIH-CPSI total score were observed in group 1 patients compared with those in group 2 (P <.01, respectively), together with a significant improvement in HAM-A and HAM-D scores (P <.01, respectively). Patients in group 2 showed a significant improvement in NIH-CPSI total score, in the urinary symptoms subscore, and in the HAM-A total score. No significant differences were observed in IIEF-5 scores in the 2 groups. Maximum flow rate significantly increased in both groups. In group 1, 20% of patients stopped the study due to adverse effects. CONCLUSION The use of duloxetine in a multimodal treatment with an alpha-blocker medication and a saw palmetto extract allowed better results in controlling clinical symptoms, psychologic status and quality of life patients affected by CP/CPPS

Kernel weight dependence upon plant growth at different grain-filling stages in maize and sorghum

In the present study we tested how assimilate availability per kernel at different grain-filling stages may affect maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) individual kernel weight (KW). These two species have shown a contrasting KW response to increased assimilate availability at similar seed developmental stages. Plant growth rate (PGR) per kernel was used to estimate the assimilate availability per kernel at two stages: around the early grain-filling period when kernel number per plant is also being established, and around the effective grain-filling period. We tested 3 commercial genotypes from each species, and modified the PGR by thinning or shading the stand at different developmental stages. In both species, each genotype showed a particular relationship between PGR around flowering and kernel number, which gave a range of responses in the PGR per kernel set around flowering. Final KW always increased whenever PGR per kernel around flowering was enhanced. Only sorghum showed a consistent KW increase when PGR per kernel during the effective grain-filling period was enhanced. Results confirmed that increasing assimilate availability per kernel will affect maize kernel size only if the potential set early in development is altered. Most important, we showed that linking specific KW sensibility across species at different seed developmental stages using a simple estimate of assimilate availability per seed (i.e. PGR per kernel) at each grain-filling stage helped explain most of the explored genotypic and environmental variability in final kernel size.Fil: Gambin, Brenda Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Borrás, Lucas. Iowa State University; Estados UnidosFil: Otegui, Maria Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Producción Vegetal; Argentin

Corrigendum

Putignano S, Gareri P, Castagna A, Cerqua G, Cervera P, Cotroneo AM, Fiorillo F, Grella R, Lacava R, Maddonni A, Marino S, Pluderi A, Putignano D, Rocca F. Retrospective and observational study to assess the efficacy of citicoline in elderly patients suffering from stupor related to complex geriatric syndrome. Clin Interv Aging. 2012;7:113&ndash;118.One of the author&rsquo;s names was listed incorrectly as Roberto Grella, it should have been Rodolfo Grella.Read the original articl