MAPEAMENTO TECNOLÓGICO DE PATENTES DE KEFIR

Diante do aumento no interesse do kefir pela indústria de alimentos, associado principalmente as suas propriedades funcionais, bem como suas novas possibilidades de aplicação, o objetivo desta prospecção foi realizar um monitoramento tecnológico para avaliar o panorama mundial da proteção de processos e produtos relacionados a esta matéria-prima, investigando os documentos de patentes depositados por país de origem, a evolução anual de depósito, e as áreas de proteção no mundo. As primeiras patentes encontradas foram de titularidade da Grã-Bretanha, sendo a primeira em 1899. Pode-se assim considerar esta como uma tecnologia extremamente antiga, entretanto, que é de interesse até os dias atuais. Os países asiáticos, em especial o Japão, são os principais detentores desta tecnologia. O Brasil ainda é um país que pouco se destaca nesta área tecnológica, necessitando, portanto, de mais incentivos governamentais para apoiar as pesquisas nessa área

A Simple Double-Spin Closed Method for Preparing Platelet-Rich Plasma

Objective: To describe and analyze a new protocol for the extraction of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for use in clinical practice and compare this technique with methods that have been previously described in the medical literature. Methods: Sixteen blood samples from healthy volunteers were collected. PRP was prepared using our new double-spin technique, consisting of successive centrifugation of blood samples with two different spins, without opening the container. Descriptive analysis of cell counts in baseline and PRP samples was undertaken. Comparison between cell and platelet count in baseline and PRP samples, as well as the statistical analysis, were done. Results: The mean platelet concentration ratio was 3.47 (SD: 0.85; 95% CI: 3.01-3.92; range: 2.48-5.71). The baseline whole blood platelet count correlated positively to the PRP platelet count (rP = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.09- 0.88; P = 0.023). The PRP was enriched for lymphocytes and monocytes but presented significantly lower counts of neutrophils and eosinophils in comparison to baseline. Conclusion: Results show a safe and easily reproducible method to obtain PRP for use in clinical daily practice.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Nutritional status, biological maturation and cardiorespiratory fitness in Azorean youth aged 11-15 years

Background Sex and individual differences in biological maturity status can influence height, weight, and body fat. Thus, the rigorous control of these variables seems necessary for estimating overweight and obesity in adolescents. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and over-fatness in Azorean adolescents and to examine the contributions of chronological age, sex, estimated maturity status, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to the risk of overweight and obesity and over-fatness. Methods The sample comprised 1,206 youth aged 11-15 years (626 boys and 580 girls) from the Azores Islands, Portugal. Body mass, stature, and skinfolds (triceps and subscapular) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and percent fat was predicted from skinfolds. Age- and sex-specific IOTF cut-off values of the BMI defined nutritional status. Biological maturation was estimated as present height expressed as a percentage of predicted adult (mature) stature. The CRF was analyzed from the 20-m shuttle run test. Results The total prevalence rates of overweight/obesity and over-fatness were of 31% and 27%, respectively. Low CRF (unfit) and being average and advanced in maturity status were positively and significantly associated with overweight/obesity and with risk of being over-fatness in both sexes. Conclusions High prevalence rates of overweight/obesity and over-fatness were identified in Azorean youth, and low CRF and advanced biological maturation were positively associated with overweight/obesity and over-fatness in our sample of adolescents

Comparação entre a adiposidade subcutânea dos hemicorpos direito e esquerdo Comparison between the subcutaneous adiposity of the right and left sides

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os níveis de adiposidade subcutânea dos hemicorpos direito e esquerdo e, posteriormente, analisar o impacto dessas informações para o estudo da composição corporal. Setenta e seis indivíduos fisicamente ativos, 47 homens (21,6 ± 4,3 anos) e 29 mulheres (21,0 ± 2,6 anos), fizeram parte da amostra. As espessuras das dobras cutâneas abdominal, suprailíaca, subescapular, tricipital, bicipital, axilar média e perna medial foram mensuradas com um compasso Lange. Em valores médios absolutos, as maiores diferenças verificadas foram de 0,9mm (6,9%) e 0,8mm (6,8%), na dobra cutânea suprailíaca de homens e mulheres, respectivamente. Entretanto, nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada na comparação entre os lados, em ambos os sexos, nas sete dobras cutâneas analisadas (P > 0,05). Similarmente, quando os valores medidos foram aplicados em equações preditivas para a determinação da gordura corporal relativa, de acordo com o sexo, nenhuma diferença significante foi encontrada (P > 0,05). Os resultados sugerem que fatores como o erro técnico de medida do avaliador, o tipo de compasso e a escolha da equação preditiva a ser utilizada, provavelmente tenham maior impacto para a estimativa da composição corporal pelo método de espessura de dobras cutâneas do que o lado a ser adotado como referência para a obtenção das medidas.<br>The aim of this study was to compare subcutaneous adiposity levels of right and left sides and posteriorly to analyze the impact of this information to the body composition study. Seventy-six physically active individuals, 47 men (21.6 ± 4.3 years) and 29 women (21.0 ± 2.6 years), comprised the sample. Abdominal, suprailiac, subscapular, triceps, biceps, midaxillary and mid calf skinfolds were measured using the Lange caliper. In terms of mean absolute values, the largest differences found were 0.9 mm (6.9%) and 0.8 mm (6.8%) for the suprailiac skinfold in men and women, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the comparison between the right and left sides of body for both genders in the seven examples of skinfold thickness analyzed (P > 0.05). Similarly, after applying the measured values of skinfold thickness in predictive equations, we found no significant differences in relative body fat in men and women (P > 0.05). The results suggest that factors such as the technical error of measurement of the examiner, the type of caliper and the choice of the predictive equation to be used probably have more impact on the estimation of body composition derived from skinfolds than the side of body measured