“The Best Laid Plans of Marx and Men” : Mitch Podolak, Revolution, and the Winnipeg Folk Festival

Mitch Podolak said, “Pete Seeger and Leon Trotsky lead to everything in my life, especially the Winnipeg Folk Festival.” This article discusses the creation of the Winnipeg Folk Festival (WFF) in 1974 as Podolak’s first attempt to fuse his ten years of Trotskyist political training with his love for folk music. His intention was to create a Canadian folk festival which would embody the politically resistant nature of the Trotskyist international movement for the purpose of challenging the Canadian liberal capitalist democratic system on a cultural front. Heavily influenced by the American Communist Party’s use of folk music, Podolak believed that the folk song and its performance were socially important. This importance, he believed, stemmed from the social cohesion that could be created within a festival performance space. This space, when thoughtfully organized, could have the ability to create meaning. The relationships between the artistic director, the folk singer, the folk song and the festival audience become intertwined to dialectically create the meaning of the song and the space simultaneously defining folk musicMitch Podolak déclara que « Pete Seeger et Léon Trotsky déterminent tout dans ma vie, et surtout le Winnipeg Folk Festival ». Cet article analyse la création du Winnipeg Folk Festival (WFF) en 1974 comme étant la première tentative de Podolak de marier ses dix années d’endoctrinement politique trotskiste avec sa passion pour la musique traditionnelle. Son intention était de créer un festival folklorique canadien qui incarnerait la résistance politique du mouvement international trotskyste et permettrait de mettre le système démocratique capitaliste canadien au défi sur le plan culturel. Très largement influencé par l’utilisation que le parti communiste étasunien faisait de la chanson traditionnelle, Podolak était convaincu que cette dernière ainsi que sa mise en spectacle étaient socialement importantes. Cette importance croyait-il venait de la cohésion sociale qui pouvait se créer dans l’espace performatif du festival. Une fois soigneusement organisé, cet espace était en mesure de créer du sens. Les rapports entre le directeur artistique, le chanteur traditionnel, la chanson et le public du festival s’entremêlent pour donner de façon dialectique un sens à la chanson et à l’espace qui simultanément définissent la musique traditionnelle

Sounding the Sacred Headwaters: Applied Ecomusicology as a Critical Pedagogy of Music

Ecomusicology and the critical pedagogy of music share a common concern for music and environment. Using social systems theory this paper draws out Freire’s pedagogy for critical consciousness—the practice of bringing immanent epistemologies into awareness—and its importance for critical ecological literacy in the new epoch of Anthropocene. This discussion is grounding in an applied ecomusicology project called Sounding the Sacred Headwaters that suggests a central place for Critical Multiliteracies Pedagogy (CMP) in a critical pedagogy of music.

Aesthetic Systems Theory: Doing Hip Hop Kulture Research Together at Cipher5

Aesthetic Systems is an original theory to explain how aesthetic resources are made, shared and used in the formation of art works and of collective and individual subjectivities. Aesthetic systems theory has ontological, epistemological and methodological implications for the study of aesthetics, aesthetics education and the cultural studies of music, and argues for community-engaged aesthetics research. The most striking implication of aesthetic systems is the methodological requirement to undertake community-engaged critical dialogical research informed by critical pedagogy, ethnomusicology and the cultural studies traditions. This article is both the story of the intellectual partnership that built Cipher5, an Edmonton-based hip hop research/study group and an argument for the necessity of community-engaged cartographies of mediation to shed light on the relationship between the formation of subjectivities and aesthetic education. If aesthetic systems form subjectivities, how might music education programs use this knowledge to inquire after the formation of student subjectivities?Résumé : L’étude culturelle de l’esthétique, ou esthétique culturelle, est issue de la théorie de « l’esthétique du bas », qu’ont élaborée les recherches empiriques relevant de la pratique ethnographique. En pratiquant ensemble l’esthétique culturelle, les chercheurs, les étudiants, les spécialistes de la culture et les jeunes ont l’opportunité de relier de façon productive des communautés discursives séparées. Cet article raconte l’histoire du partenariat intellectuel qui a édifié une esthétique culturelle, avec ce groupe d’étude du hip hop appelé Cipher5, en même temps qu’il célèbre l’importance des contributions issues d’une production du savoir engagée dans la communauté

A W:B4C multilayer phase retarder for broadband polarization analysis of soft x-ray radiation \ud

A W:B4C multilayer phase retarder has been designed and characterized which shows a nearly constant phase retardance between 640 and 850 eV photon energies when operated near the Bragg condition. This freestanding transmission multilayer was used successfully to determine, for the first time, the full polarization vector at soft x-ray energies above 600 eV, which was not possible before due to the lack of suitable optical elements. Thus, quantitative polarimetry is now possible at the 2p edges of the magnetic substances Fe, Co, and Ni for the benefit of magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy employing circularly polarized synchrotron radiatio

A review of cricket fielding requirements

Cricket is played in three formats at elite level: Test, One Day and Twenty20. Fielding is an important component of cricket, as all players are obliged to field. However, there is a paucity of literature on fielding compared with that on batting and bowling. We review the available literature in terms of technical, mental, physiological and physical factors important to fielding, to identify knowledge gaps and better understand the performance requirements of fielding in cricket

Malaria vector control at crossroads: public health entomology and the drive to elimination

Vector control has been at the core of successful malaria control. However, a dearth of field-oriented vector biologists threatens to undermine global reductions in malaria burden. Skilled cadres are needed to manage insecticide resistance, to maintain coverage with current interventions, to develop new paradigms for tackling ‘residual' transmission, and to target interventions as transmission becomes increasingly heterogeneous. Recognising this human resource crisis, in September 2013, WHO Global Malaria Programme issued guidance for capacity building in entomology and vector control, including recommendations for countries and implementing partners. Ministries were urged to develop long-range strategic plans for building human resources for public health entomology and vector control (including skills in epidemiology, geographic information systems, operational research and programme management) and to set in place the requisite professional posts and career opportunities. Capacity building and national ownership in all partner projects and a clear exit strategy to sustain human and technical resources after project completion were emphasised. Implementing partners were urged to support global and regional efforts to enhance public health entomology capacity. While the challenges inherent in such capacity building are great, so too are the opportunities to establish the next generation of public health entomologists that will enable programmes to continue on the path to malaria eliminatio

Interaction between tetraethylammonium and amino acid residues in the pore of cloned voltage-dependent potassium channels

Extracellular tetraethylammonium (TEA) inhibits currents in Xenopus oocytes that have been injected with mRNAs encoding voltage-dependent potassium channels. Concentration-response curves were used to measure the affinity of TEA; this differed up to 700-fold among channels RBK1 (KD 0.3 mM), RGK5 (KD 11 mM), and RBK2 (KD greater than 200 mM). Studies in which chimeric channels were expressed localized TEA binding to the putative extracellular loop between trans-membrane domains S5 and S6. Site-directed mutagenesis of residues in this region identified the residue Tyr379 of RBK1 as a crucial determinant of TEA sensitivity; substitution of Tyr in the equivalent positions of RBK2 (Val381) and RGK5 (His401) made these channels as sensitive to TEA as RBK1. Nonionic forces are involved in TEA binding because (i) substitution of the Phe for Tyr379 in RBK1 increased its affinity, (ii) protonation of His401 in RGK5 selectively reduced its affinity, and (iii) the affinity of TEA was unaffected by changes in ionic strength. The results suggest an explanation for the marked differences in TEA sensitivity that have been observed among naturally occurring and cloned potassium channels and indicate that the amino acid corresponding to residue 379 in RBK1 lies within the external mouth of the ion channel

The Role of the Private Sector in Supporting Malaria Control in Resource Development Settings.

Industrial operations of the private sector, such as extraction, agriculture, and construction, can bring large numbers of people into new settlement areas and cause environmental change that promotes the transmission of vector-borne diseases. Industry-related workers and communities unduly exposed to infection risk typically lack the knowledge and means to protect themselves. However, there is a strong business rationale for protecting local resident employees through integrated vector control programs, as well as an ethical responsibility to care for these individuals and the affected communities. We discuss the role and challenges of the private sector in developing malaria control programs, which can include extensive collaborations with the public sector that go on to form the basis of national vector control programs or more broadly support local healthcare systems

Drag in paired electron-hole layers

We investigate transresistance effects in electron-hole double layer systems with an excitonic condensate. Our theory is based on the use of a minimum dissipation premise to fix the current carried by the condensate. We find that the drag resistance jumps discontinuously at the condensation temperature and diverges as the temperature approaches zero.Comment: 12 pages, 1 Figure, .eps file attache