54 research outputs found
Estimating the prevalence of sexual function problems: the impact of morbidity criteria
Establishing the clinical significance of symptoms of sexual dysfunction is challenging. To address this, the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) introduced two new morbidity criteria (duration and symptom severity) to the existing criteria of distress. This study sought to establish the impact of these three criteria on the population prevalence of sexual function problems. The data come from a national probability survey (Natsal-3) and are based on 11,509 male and female participants aged 16â74, reporting at least one sexual partner in the past year. The key outcomes were: proportion of individuals reporting proxy measures of DSM-5 problems, and the proportion of those meeting morbidity criteria. We found that among sexually active men, the prevalence of reporting one or more of four specific sexual problems was 38.2%, but 4.2% after applying the three morbidity criteria; corresponding figures for women reporting one or more of three specific sexual problems, were 22.8% and 3.6%. Just over a third of men and women reporting a problem meeting all three morbidity criteria had sought help in the last year. We conclude that the DSM-5 morbidity criteria impose a focus on clinically significant symptom
Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in the First two Parker Solar Probe Encounters
Small-scale magnetic flux ropes (SFRs) are a type of structures in the solar
wind that possess helical magnetic field lines. In a recent report (Chen & Hu
2020), we presented the radial variations of the properties of SFR from 0.29 to
8 au using in situ measurements from the Helios, ACE/Wind, Ulysses, and Voyager
spacecraft. With the launch of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP), we extend our
previous investigation further into the inner heliosphere. We apply a
Grad-Shafranov-based algorithm to identify SFRs during the first two PSP
encounters. We find that the number of SFRs detected near the Sun is much less
than that at larger radial distances, where magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
turbulence may act as the local source to produce these structures. The
prevalence of Alfvenic structures significantly suppresses the detection of
SFRs at closer distances. We compare the SFR event list with other event
identification methods, yielding a dozen well-matched events. The cross-section
maps of two selected events confirm the cylindrical magnetic flux rope
configuration. The power-law relation between the SFR magnetic field and
heliocentric distances seems to hold down to 0.16 au.Comment: Accepted by ApJ on 2020 Sep 1
On the Evolution of the Anisotropic Scaling of Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence in the Inner Heliosphere
We analyze a merged Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Solar Orbiter (SO) data set covering heliocentric distances 13 Râ âČ R âČ 220 Râ to investigate the radial evolution of power and spectral index anisotropy in the wavevector space of solar wind turbulence. Our results show that anisotropic signatures of turbulence display a distinct radial evolution when fast, Vsw â„ 400 km sâ1, and slow, Vsw †400 km sâ1, wind streams are considered. The anisotropic properties of slow wind in Earth orbit are consistent with a "critically balanced" cascade, but both spectral index anisotropy and power anisotropy diminish with decreasing heliographic distance. Fast streams are observed to roughly retain their near-Sun anisotropic properties, with the observed spectral index and power anisotropies being more consistent with a "dynamically aligned" type of cascade, though the lack of extended fast wind intervals makes it difficult to accurately measure the anisotropic scaling. A high-resolution analysis during the first perihelion of PSP confirms the presence of two subranges within the inertial range, which may be associated with the transition from weak to strong turbulence. The transition occurs at Îșdi â 6 Ă 10â2 and signifies a shift from â5/3 to â2 and from â3/2 to â1.57 scaling in parallel and perpendicular spectra, respectively. Our results provide strong observational constraints for anisotropic theories of MHD turbulence in the solar wind
A New Technique for the Calculation and 3D Visualisation of Magnetic Complexities on Solar Satellite Images
YesIn this paper, we introduce two novel models for processing real-life satellite images to quantify and then
visualise their magnetic structures in 3D. We believe this multidisciplinary work is a real convergence between
image processing, 3D visualization and solar physics. The first model aims to calculate the value of the magnetic
complexity in active regions and the solar disk. A series of experiments are carried out using this model and a
relationship has been indentified between the calculated magnetic complexity values and solar flare events. The
second model aims to visualise the calculated magnetic complexities in 3D colour maps in order to identify the
locations of eruptive regions on the Sun. Both models demonstrate promising results and they can be potentially
used in the fields of solar imaging, space weather and solar flare prediction and forecasting
Joint Research Day, UClan, Burnley 2018
The Joint Research Day between Uclan and ELHT took place on the 27th of November, at Victoria Mills, Burnley. The event brought together researchers and clinicians to showcase recent research, share new ideas about clinical problems that need tackling and seek collaborative interest between ELHT and UCLan staff.
Uclan researchers from various academic/ research disciplines such as engineering, computer science, psychology, and health participated. The event was an opportunity to:
âą Hear about current local research projects,
âą Get involved in planned research,
âą Develop research ideas,
âą Develop collaborative partnerships.
The program included
âą Keynote lectures by Professor St John Crean, Pro Vice Chancellor, Uclan (the second keynote speaker to be announced),
âą Presentations and posters of local studies.
âą Workshops
Some first results from the FIELDS instrument suite on Parker Solar Probe
International audienceThe NASA Parker Solar Probe mission launched on August 12, 2018 and reached its first perihelion of 35.7 solar radii on November 5, 2018. The FIELDS instrument suite made the first measurements the solar wind magnetic field, DC electric fields, plasma waves, quasi-thermal noise, and radio emissions below 20 MHz at this distance from the Sun. Here we present the status of the FIELDS instrument and an overview of early results from the first perihelion. FIELDS measures large switchbacks of the radial magnetic field, copious ion cyclotron waves, whistler and Langmuir waves, as well as magnetized turbulence and magnetic field null points
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