Metalinguistic Strategies in Early Modern Language Controversies

All over early modern Europe, philologists and grammarians expressed patriotic pride in their native vernaculars and traced impressive derivations from prestigious ancient languages. While Hebrew generally held pride of place, claims of the greatest antiquity and prestige were also made for the Celtic and Germanic languages, and elaborate theories constructed to justify them. In all of this, rhetorical strategies were employed: heavily loaded language was used when writing about languages themselves, to weaponise them as instruments of national prestige and sneer at inferior rivals. After discussing the sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century theorists, this article focuses on the claims made for the unique, unchangeable superiority of French, before concluding with an extended consideration of the work of Gilles Ménage, the most distinguished linguistic scholar of the age, who is unique in eschewing such emotive terms

What Drives Sell-Side Analyst Compensation at High-Status Investment Banks?

We use proprietary data from a major investment bank to investigate factors associated with analysts' annual compensation. We find compensation to be positively related to "All-Star" recognition, investment-banking contributions, the size of analysts' portfolios, and whether an analyst is identified as a top stock picker by The Wall Street Journal. We find no evidence that compensation is related to earnings forecast accuracy. But consistent with prior studies, we find analyst turnover to be related to forecast accuracy, suggesting that analyst forecasting incentives are primarily termination based. Additional analyses indicate that "All-Star" recognition proxies for buy-side client votes on analyst research quality used to allocate commissions across banks and analysts. Taken as a whole, our evidence is consistent with analyst compensation being designed to reward actions that increase brokerage and investment-banking revenues. To assess the generality of our findings, we test the same relations using compensation data from a second high-status bank and obtain similar results

A class of surfaces with planar lines of curvature

En este articulo estudiamos superficies parametrizadas por líneas de curvatura. Obtenemos una caracterización de una clase de superficies con líneas de curvatura planas, esta caracterización depende de ciertas funciones holomorfas. Presentamos una clase de superficies con dos familias de líneas de curvatura planas, esta clase incluye las superficies de Dupin. También damos algunos ejemplos explícitos.In this paper we study surfaces parameterized by lines of curvature. We obtain a characterization of a class of surfaces with planar lines of curvature, this characterization depend on certain holomorphic function. We present a class of surfaces with two family of planar lines of curvature, this class of surfaces includes the Dupin surfaces. Also, we give explicit examples

Business plan producer and marketer of special dry parchment coffee export type in the municipality of Guacacallo municipality of Pitalito –Huila

El presente plan de negocios pretende evaluar la viabilidad de la creación de una empresa productora y comercializadora de café especial pergamino seco en el municipio de Pitalito, corregimiento de Guacacallo, vereda el Tigre. La necesidad de realizar el siguiente estudio es principalmente el bajo nivel de producción de café especial en el corregimiento y en consecuencia se refleja en el resultado del factor de del café que evidencia la falta de calidad por la no trazabilidad de las buenas prácticas agrícolas (BPA1), la cual conlleva al bajo pago de la carga del café estándar a nivel nacional. La principal causa por la que los caficultores de esta región no producen café de alta calidad; radica en el temor de los altos costos en que se incurren al momento de implementar buenas prácticas agrícolas (BPA), adecuación de las instalaciones y la adquisición de insumos de alta calidad, ayudado de otro tipo de factores como son la falta de educación, tecnificación y resistencia al cambio.This business plan aims to assess the feasibility of creating a company that produces and sells special dry parchment coffee in the municipality of Pitalito, Guacacallo township, El Tigre village. The need to carry out the following study is mainly the low level of production of special coffee in the township and, consequently, it is reflected in the result of the coffee factor that shows the lack of quality due to the non-traceability of good agricultural practices (GAP1 ), which leads to low payment of the standard coffee load nationwide. The main reason why coffee growers in this region do not produce high quality coffee; lies in the fear of the high costs incurred when implementing good agricultural practices (GAP), adaptation of facilities and the acquisition of high-quality inputs, aided by other factors such as lack of education, technification and resistance to change.Magíster en Administración de Empresas - MB