Detection Learning Style Vark for Out of School Children (OSC)

Learning style is different for every learner especially for out of school children or OSC. They are not like formal students, they are learners but they don't have a teacher as a guide for learning. E-learning is one of the solutions to help OSC to get education. E-learning should have preferred learning styles of learners. Data for identifying the learning style in this study were collected with a VARK questionnaire from 25 OSC in junior high school level from 5 municipalities in Palembang. The validity of the questionnaire was considered on basis of experts' views and its reliability was calculated by using Cronbach's alpha coefficients (α=0.68). Overall, 55% preferred to use a single learning style (Uni-modal). Of these, 27,76% preferred Aural, 20,57% preferred Reading Writing, 33,33% preferred Kinaesthetic and 23,13% preferred Visual. 45% of OSC preferred more than one style, 30% chose two-modes (bimodal), and 15% chose three-modes (tri-modal). The Most preferred Learning style of OSC is kinaesthetic learning. Kinaesthetic learning requires body movements, interactivities, and direct contacts with learning materials, these things can be difficult to implement in eLearning, but E-learning should be able to adopt any learning styles which are flexible in terms of time, period, curriculum, pedagogy, location, and language

KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI DAN HUBUNGAN FILNOGENETIK BERDASARKAN IDENTIFIKASI MOLECULER VARIETAS PADI MERAH DARI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Kalimantan Barat merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki keragaman padi merah yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi identitas padi merah variets Maiyan secara morfologi dan molekuler. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan dua tahapan yaitu identifikasi morfologi daun, batang, bulir dari padi dan identifikasi molekuler dengan menggunakan penanda gen MatK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Padi Merah Varietas Maiyan berdasarkan pengamatan morfologi yaitu jumlah anakan 1-13 buah, dengan anakan produktif 1-11 buah, warna permukaan daun hijau kekuningan (Green Group 144C), jumlah nodus 5. Padi Merah Maiyan memiliki tinggi tanaman yang cukup besar yaitu mencapai 122,5-149,5 cm.  Hasil identifikasi molekuler Padi Merah Maiyan memiliki kemiripan dengan Oryza sativa Japonica cultivar Nipponbare 99%, Oryza sativa Japonica Group bio-material IRGC33984 99%, Oryza sativa Rufipogon 99%, Oryza sativa  cultivar Giza 178 99%, dan Oryza sativa cultivar NARC 17958 99%. Kemiripan yang tinggi diduga dipengaruhi oleh asal tetua dari Padi Merah Varietas Maiyan yang sama dengan kelima padi tersebut. Kata Kunci : rice, characterization, MatK, molecullar, morphology

Effects of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical properties of empty fruit bunch and rice husk biochars

Biochar has received great attention recently due to its potential to improve soil fertility and immobilize contaminants as well as serving as a way of carbon sequestration and therefore a possible carbon sink. In this work, a series of biochars were produced from empty fruit bunch (EFB) and rice husk (RH) by slow pyrolysis at different temperatures (350, 500, and 650°C) and their physicochemical properties were analysed. The results indicate that porosity, ash content, electrical conductivity (EC), and pH value of both EFB and RH biochars were increased with temperature; however, yield, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and H, C, and N content were decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The Fourier transform IR spectra were similar for both RH and EFB biochars but the functional groups were more distinct in the EFB biochar spectra. There were reductions in the amount of functional groups as pyrolysis temperature increased especially for the EFB biochar. However, total acidity of the functional groups increased with pyrolysis temperature for both biochars. </jats:p

Pengaruh Penambahan CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) dan Ekstrak Jahe Pada Edible Coating Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera) Terhadap Kualitas Buah Apel Manalag

Apel merupakan buah yang banyak diminati oleh banyak orang untuk dikonsumsi secara langsung. Namun, buah apel sangat rentan mengalami kerusakan dan memiliki umur simpan yang cukup lama yaitu sekitar 7 hari pada suhu kamar. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan penanganan pasca panen untuk tetap mempertahankan kualitas yakni dengan cara melapisi edible coating. Adapun bahan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai edible coating adalah tanaman lidah buaya, Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) untuk meningkatkan sifat plasticer dari larutan dan ekstrak jahe sebagai antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas antara buah apel manalagi saat diberikan edible coating perlakuan konsentrasi CMC dan ekstrak jahe, dengan perlakuan kontrol selama penyimpanan. Selanjutnya, mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi perlakuan CMC dan ekstrak jahe pada edible coating terhadap kualitas organoleptik (aroma, warna, rasa, dan kenampakan) buah apel manalagi. Penelitian hanya terdapat satu data saja, terdiri dari 9 perlakuan yang merupakan kombinasi antara CMC yang terdiri dari 3 konsentrasi berbeda (1%, 1,5%, dan 2%) b/v dan ekstrak jahe yang juga terdiri dari 3 konsentrasi berbeda (0,5%, 1,5%, dan 3%) v/v. Parameter yang diamati yaitu kadar air, susut bobot, kekerasan, Total Padatan Terlarut (TPT), dan organoleptik dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Statistika Deskriptif dengan membandingkan data parameter pada masing-masing lama penyimpanan hari ke-0, 3, 6, 9, 12, dan 15. Data organoleptik (warna, kenampakan, aroma, dan rasa) dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan uji Friedman. Penentuan perlakuan ix terbaik pada uji organoleptik dilakukan dengan menggunakan indeks efektivitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat diketahui bahwa melalui analisis fisik dengan parameter TPT, susut bobot, kekerasan dan kadar air terdapat perbedaan kualitas antara perlakuan kontrol dengan buah apel manalagi yang diberikan edible coating lidah buaya kombinasi konsentrasi CMC dan ekstrak jahe selama penyimpanan. Melalui uji organoleptik didapatkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik pada perlakuan kombinasi CMC 2% dan ekstrak jahe 3% (A3B3), dengan rerata skor kesukaan panelis terhadap aroma, warna, rasa, dan kenampakan secara berturut- turut 2,8; 3,4; 2,4; dan 3,5. Berdasarkan perhitungan neraca massa diketahui bahwa input pada proses pencucian sebesar 8000 gram (pelepah lidah buaya 7000 gram dan air 1000 gram), kemudian output juga sebesar 8000 gram (pelepah lidah buaya yang sudah dicuci 7.007,4 gram dan air bekas pencucian 992,6 gram). Pada proses pengupasan input sebesar 7.007,4 gram (pelepah lidah buaya yang sudah dicuci), kemudian output juga sebesar 7.007,4 gram (daging lidah buaya 5.161,5 gram dan kulit 1.845,9 gram). Pada proses penghalusan input sebesar 5.161,5 gram (daging lidah buaya), kemudian output juga sebesar 5.161,5 gram (daging lidah buaya yang sudah dihaluskan). Pada proses penyaringan input sebesar 5.161,5 gram (daging lidah buaya yang sudah dihaluskan), kemudian output juga sebesar 5.161,5 gram (gel lidah buaya 4.903,2 gram dan ampas 258,3 gram). Pada proses pemanasan input sebesar 4.903,2 gram (gel lidah buaya), kemudian output juga sebesar 4.903,2 gram (gel lidah buaya yang sudah dipanaskan 4.832,9 gram dan uap air pemanasan 70,3 gram). Selanjutnya, pada proses pendinginan input sebesar 4.832,9 gram (gel lidah buaya yang sudah dipanaskan), kemudian output juga sebesar 4.832,9 gram (edible coating lidah buaya)

Performance of sustainable green concrete incorporated with fly ash, rice husk ash, and stone dust

The performance of a sustainable green concrete with fly ash (FA), rice husk ash (RHA), and stone dust (SD) as a partial replacement of cement and sand was experimentally explored. FA and RHA have a high silica content, are highly pozzolanic in nature and have a high surface area without any treatment. These by-products show filler effects, which enhance concrete’s density. Results showed that the FA and RHA materials have good hydration behaviour and effectively develop strength at an early age of concrete. SD acts as a stress transferring medium within concrete, thereby allowing the concrete to be stronger in compression, and bending. Consequently, water absorption capacity of the sustainable concrete was lower than that of the ordinary one. However, a little reduction in strength was observed after the replacement of the binder and aggregate using the FA, RHA and SD, but the reduction was insignificant. The reinforced structure with sustainable concrete containing the FA, RHA, and SD generally fails in concrete crushing tests initiated by flexural cracking followed by shear cracks. The sustainable concrete could be categorized as a perfect material with no significant conciliation in strength properties and can be applied to design under-reinforced elements for a low-to-moderate service load

Blockchain technology as an enabler for sustainable business ecosystems: A comprehensive roadmap for socioenvironmental and economic sustainability

Blockchain technology is a core technology expected to play a highly instrumental role in competing with socioenvironmental challenges. The literature hypothesizes various blockchain functions for building a sustainable business ecosystem. This study unifies these diverse perspectives into an interpretive strategy roadmap that provides a holistic overview of how blockchain should be leveraged to deliver sustainability functions optimally. The study first identified the sustainability functions of blockchain through a content-centric literature review. The study applied interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and drew on experts' opinions to model how and in which order blockchain delivers these sustainability functions. The study further drew on the ISM output and interpretive logic-knowledge base to develop the promised roadmap. Results revealed that blockchain promotes a decentralized decision system that facilitates automation and real-time information sharing (RIS) across supply chains. Blockchain introduces traceability and transparency into supply chain operations. These conditions offer monitoring of business operations and the development of trust across value-chain stakeholders. These driver functions lead to value chain optimization and circularity integration into business and supply chain operations. When these necessary functional conditions are met, businesses can further draw on blockchain to promote economic and environmental aspects of sustainability through more complex functions enabling resource efficiency, cost reduction, pollution prevention, and higher profit margins. The order in which businesses can leverage these functions would define blockchain sustainability performance. Each function is uniquely valuable to sustainability, and none of them can be overlooked