CLIP: concept learning from inference patterns

AbstractA new concept-learning method called CLIP (concept learning from inference patterns) is proposed that learns new concepts from inference patterns, not from positive/negative examples that most conventional concept learning methods use. The learned concepts enable an efficient inference on a more abstract level. We use a colored digraph to represent inference patterns. The graph representation is expressive enough and enables the quantitative analysis of the inference pattern frequency. The learning process consists of the following two steps: (1) Convert the original inference patterns to a colored digraph, and (2) Extract a set of typical patterns which appears frequently in the digraph. The basic idea is that the smaller the digraph becomes, the smaller the amount of data to be handled becomes and, accordingly, the more efficient the inference process that uses these data. Also, we can reduce the size of the graph by replacing each frequently appearing graph pattern with a single node, and each reduced node represents a new concept. Experimentally, CLIP automatically generates multilevel representations from a given physical/single-level representation of a carry-chain circuit. These representations involve abstract descriptions of the circuit, such as mathematical and logical descriptions

Causes and Strategies for Overcoming Work Stress (A Case Study on PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk Tondano Branch Office)

This study aims to determine the factors that give rise to work stress on the employees of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tondano Branch Office, and propose effective strategies to overcome it. This research applied qualitative methodology by interview, observation, and documentation for data collection. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The study was conducted in Tondano. The study findings indicate that work stress is attributable to several factors such as (a) conflicts with coworkers due to argumentations, (b) targeted and heavy workload, and (c), ill-adjusted work times. Therefore, the management's strategies to overcome it necessary to unveil are: (1) creating a flexible work atmosphere, (2) paying attention to employee's complaints, (3) encouraging employees by giving rewards, (4) making recreational program, (5) performing regular work rotations. Furthermore, the employees need to: (1) have short in-room break, (2) take a part in outdoor activities or enjoy hobbies on vacation, (3) improve quality work, (3) find suitable working partners able to create a cheerful atmosphere, and (4) improve quality work. The conclusion ends with a final comment that: (1) work conflict occurs when heated arguments arise among employees affecting their mental condition in carrying out their jobs, (2) excessive targeted workload makes them fall into depression since they are working around the clock, and (3) irregular working hours saps their energy since overmuch office hours lessens their family time

睡眠時無呼吸は持続性心房細動に対する肺静脈隔離術後の洞機能不全を予測する

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(医学)Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciencedoctora