Algumas considerações sobre os índices metabólicos da lagosta Panulirus argus (Latreille)

The investigation of the flsioecological aspects of marine species of commercial interest is of great importance, as some problems related to fisheries could partially or totally be resolved on fisiological basis (Alvarez & Dias, 1971). In this paper, the metabolic demands of Panulirus agus (Latreille) are studied, measured through oxygen consumption in µ1 of O2 /g/h, and compared to the data available for Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille) The study is based in 80 juvenile spiny tobster in several molting stages, hand captured by diving during low tide in coastal waters off the County ofFortaleza. For oxygen consumption determination, the method recommended by Schlieper(1972) was used, the dissolved oxygen measures effected with the aid of an "Oxygen Meter Model 51-A-YSI" The values were refered in µ1 O2 /g/h. The calculation of relationships consumption O2/weight were made using the linear model y = a+ bX, by the method of least squares. The following conclusions were obtained: 1. The O2 consumption, in the different molting stages dim inished as the animal weight increased. 2. No significant difference in O2 consumption was found between males and females. 3. The spiny lobster in study nas in the differents molting stages, low metabolic demands stages D presenting the highest O2 consumption. 4. For each molting stage equation relating weight and O2 consumption were calculated as follows: P. argus P. laevicauda molt A C = 97.55 - 1.36 W r = 0,97 molt A C = 86.17 - 0,99 W molt B C = 87.96 - 1.02 W r = 0.95 molt B C = 87.51 - 1,08 W molt C C = 86.03 - 0.92 W r = 0.98 molt C C = 91.03 - 1,20 W molt D C =107.47 - 1.84 W r = 0.98 molt D C = 87.77 - 0,97 W 5. The calculated values based on the equations are quite similar to those values obtained, thus the utilization of me equations being vali

Biologia e pesca do camarão sete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller) (Crustacea, Penaeidae), na Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha, Santa Catarina, Brasil Fishery and Biology of the sea-bob-shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller) (Crustacea, Penaeidae), at Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha, Santa Catarina, Brazil

A pesca artesanal do camarão sete-barbas é denominada "pesca de sol a sol" e realizada em grande escala no litoral brasileiro, apresentando uma significativa importância econômica, histórica, social e cultural. Atualmente, a pesca desse camarão é considerada a de maior interesse econômico e o segundo recurso pesqueiro nas regiões Sudeste-Sul do Brasil. Com o objetivo de estudar a biologia e pesca do camarão sete-barbas na Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha (26º40'-26º47'S e 48º36'-48º38'W), durante o período de agosto de 1996 a julho de 2003 foram realizadas coletas mensais com 30 minutos de duração. Foram registrados o número e a biomassa dos exemplares por arrasto, e entre anos de 1996-1997 e 1999-2001, também foram anotados o sexo, o comprimento e peso total, estádio de maturação. Além dessas informações, entre agosto de 1998 a julho de 1999 foi analisado a dieta natural da espécie. X. kroyeri (Heller, 1862) apresentou comprimento total variando entre 3,0 e 16,0 cm e flutuações sazonais na abundância e biomassa, com as maiores taxas de captura ocorreram durante os meses de verão e outono. A relação peso/comprimento indicou um padrão de crescimento tendendo ao isométrico com tamanho de primeira maturação entre 7,3 a 7,9 cm, alcançados em seis meses de idade. A espécie apresentou dois picos de desova ao longo do ano, sendo que a pesca artesanal vem atuando com maior intensidade sobre o estoque adulto. O espectro trófico foi composto por 30 itens, sendo que os Gammaridae, areia, outros Crustacea e matéria orgânica os elementos básicos na dieta da espécie. Em média, 67,82 barcos atuam durante oito meses por ano na pesca do camarão sete-barbas na Armação do Itapocoroy, podendo capturar em torno de 170 toneladas/ano.<br>The artisanal fishery of the sea-bob-shrimp is known as "sun to sun fishery" and is developed in large scale along the Brazilian coast, playing a significant economic, historical, social and cultural role. Nowadays, sea-bob-shrimp fisheries is classified as the highest economic interest and the second fisheries resource in the South-southeast coast of Brazil. Aiming to study the biology and fishery of the sea-bob-shrimp at Armação do Itapocoroy, Penha (26º40'-26º47'S and 48º36'-48º38'W), 30 minutes samples were performed monthly, from August 1996 to July 2003. Total and standard length, sex, maturation stages, biomass and total number of specimens were registered between 1996-1997 and 1999-2001. Between August 1998 and July 1999, the diet of X. kroyeri (Heller, 1862) was also studied. The species' total length varied from 3.0 to 16.0 cm and seasonal fluctuations in its abundance and biomass showed higher values along the summer and autumn months. The length/weight relationship indicated an isometric growth and first maturity occurring between 7.3 and 7.9 cm, reached in six months. The species presented two spawning peaks along the year, and the artisanal fishery showed a higher pressure over the adult stock. The trophic spectrum was composed by 30 items, being Gammaridae, sand, other crustaceans and organic matter the basic elements of its diet. A mean value of 67.82 vessels operate yearly during eight months on the sea-bob-shrimp fishery at Armação do Itapocoroy, yielding a total of up to 170 ton/year

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Measurement of the tt¯ charge asymmetry in events with highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks in pp collisions at s=13 TeV

The measurement of the charge asymmetry in top quark pair events with highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks decaying to a single lepton and jets is presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. The selection is optimized for top quarks produced with large Lorentz boosts, resulting in nonisolated leptons and overlapping jets. The top quark charge asymmetry is measured for events with a tt¯ invariant mass larger than 750 GeV and corrected for detector and acceptance effects using a binned maximum likelihood fit. The measured top quark charge asymmetry of (0.42−0.69+0.64)% is in good agreement with the standard model prediction at next-to-next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamic perturbation theory with next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections. The result is also presented for two invariant mass ranges, 750–900 and >900GeV

Portable Acceleration of CMS Computing Workflows with Coprocessors as a Service

Computing demands for large scientific experiments, such as the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, will increase dramatically in the next decades. To complement the future performance increases of software running on central processing units (CPUs), explorations of coprocessor usage in data processing hold great potential and interest. Coprocessors are a class of computer processors that supplement CPUs, often improving the execution of certain functions due to architectural design choices. We explore the approach of Services for Optimized Network Inference on Coprocessors (SONIC) and study the deployment of this as-a-service approach in large-scale data processing. In the studies, we take a data processing workflow of the CMS experiment and run the main workflow on CPUs, while offloading several machine learning (ML) inference tasks onto either remote or local coprocessors, specifically graphics processing units (GPUs). With experiments performed at Google Cloud, the Purdue Tier-2 computing center, and combinations of the two, we demonstrate the acceleration of these ML algorithms individually on coprocessors and the corresponding throughput improvement for the entire workflow. This approach can be easily generalized to different types of coprocessors and deployed on local CPUs without decreasing the throughput performance. We emphasize that the SONIC approach enables high coprocessor usage and enables the portability to run workflows on different types of coprocessors