Using Network Analysis to Understand Knowledge Mobilization in a Community-based Organization

Background Knowledge mobilization (KM) has been described as putting research in the hands of research users. Network analysis is an empirical approach that has potential for examining the complex process of knowledge mobilization within community-based organizations (CBOs). Yet, conducting a network analysis in a CBO presents challenges. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the value and feasibility of using network analysis as a method for understanding knowledge mobilization within a CBO by (1) presenting challenges and solutions to conducting a network analysis in a CBO, (2) examining the feasibility of our methodology, and (3) demonstrating the utility of this methodology through an example of a network analysis conducted in a CBO engaging in knowledge mobilization activities. Method The final method used by the partnership team to conduct our network analysis of a CBO is described. Results An example of network analysis results of a CBO engaging in knowledge mobilization is presented. In total, 81 participants completed the network survey. All of the feasibility benchmarks set by the CBO were met. Results of the network analysis are highlighted and discussed as a means of identifying (1) prominent and influential individuals in the knowledge mobilization process and (2) areas for improvement in future knowledge mobilization initiatives. Conclusion Findings demonstrate that network analysis can be feasibly used to provide a rich description of a CBO engaging in knowledge mobilization activities

Daytime temperature is sensed by phytochrome B in Arabidopsis through a transcriptional activator HEMERA.

Ambient temperature sensing by phytochrome B (PHYB) in Arabidopsis is thought to operate mainly at night. Here we show that PHYB plays an equally critical role in temperature sensing during the daytime. In daytime thermosensing, PHYB signals primarily through the temperature-responsive transcriptional regulator PIF4, which requires the transcriptional activator HEMERA (HMR). HMR does not regulate PIF4 transcription, instead, it interacts directly with PIF4, to activate the thermoresponsive growth-relevant genes and promote warm-temperature-dependent PIF4 accumulation. A missense allele hmr-22, which carries a loss-of-function D516N mutation in HMR's transcriptional activation domain, fails to induce the thermoresponsive genes and PIF4 accumulation. Both defects of hmr-22 could be rescued by expressing a HMR22 mutant protein fused with the transcriptional activation domain of VP16, suggesting a causal relationship between HMR-mediated activation of PIF4 target-genes and PIF4 accumulation. Together, this study reveals a daytime PHYB-mediated thermosensing mechanism, in which HMR acts as a necessary activator for PIF4-dependent induction of temperature-responsive genes and PIF4 accumulation

Real-time all-optical ultrasound imaging of a dynamic heart valve phantom

All-optical ultrasound imaging, in which ultrasound is generated and received using light, is well-suited to minimally invasive surgical procedures. Here we present a device that can provide real-time M-mode ultrasound images, and demonstrate its use imaging a dynamic heart valve phantom. This device, comprising two optical fibres, one with a graphene-polydimethylsiloxane composite coating for ultrasound generation, and a second with a concave Fabry-Perot cavity for ultrasound reception, had a diameter of 30 MHz) that enabled imaging with high axial resolution ( 2 cm). M-mode imaging with an A-line rate of 100 Hz was demonstrated on a heart valve phantom with realistic mitral valve motion. This work demonstrates the potential for all-optical ultrasound imaging to be used for guidance of intracardiac interventions

Job satisfaction and career development of men in nursing

Background: Men are a growing minority in nursing. A deeper understanding of their motivation, career paths, and job satisfaction is needed to target recruitment and retention efforts. Currently the largest male cohort entering nursing is by second career. This study examines if job satisfaction differs for men who choose nursing as their first choice of career, as a convenience after exploring other options, or as a second career. Methods: This mixed-method study examined the relationship between men entering nursing by choice, convenience or second career and their resultant job satisfaction. A convenience sample of 238 men answered an online survey. Entry path, current practice position, and future career plans in five years was by self report. Job satisfaction was measured using Lester’s instrument. Results: Second career men were significantly more likely to work in specialty practice and more likely to aspire to advanced practice than those entering by choice or convenience early in their careers. No significant differences in job satisfaction were found between entry paths. Conclusions: These data raise provocative issues relating to recruiting men and the impact of men on the profession of nursing. Despite the steady but slow growth in the percent of men in nursing, its image remains overwhelmingly female. This survey does not identify substantial differences in job satisfaction between men who enter through different career paths or substantial differences with other studies of male and female nurses

Crystal-liquid segregation in silicocarbonatite magma leads to the formation of calcite carbonatite

This is the final version. Available on open access from Oxford University Press via the DOI in this recordA suite of silicocarbonatite and lamprophyre rocks from SW Ireland, with mantle affinity and primitive composition, are used as a proxy for parental carbonated silicate magmas to model early magmatic evolution. Reconstruction of volatile ratios is validated using global occurrences. At 1200°C, the point at which melts transition from ionic liquids with exceptionally low viscosity (0.06 PaS) to covalently polymerised liquid (viscosity up to 1.3 PaS) is 33 mol% SiO2. Incremental and significant increase in magma density accompanies magma ponding, due to dehydration of magmas from model molar CO2/(CO2 + H2O) of 0.60 in plutonic settings to 0.75 for initial subvolcanic magmas. Magma-crystal density differences dictate that repeated influxes of magmas into an inflating magma chamber sustain a mechanical boundary layer between dense (silicate and oxide) mineral layers and a calcite ± phlogopite flotation assemblage. The range of critical CO2 concentration at which calcite floats (10–13 wt% CO2) may be extended by the presence of additional volatiles and fluid bubbles. The model accommodates a range of phenomena observed or inferred for alkaline/carbonatite complexes, including the following: 1, a growing calcite-dominated flotation assemblage with an apparently early magmatic mineralisation; 2, a residual liquid with high concentrations of incompatible metals; 3, variable carbonatite–pyroxenite–phoscorite rock relations; and 4, multiple phases of overprinting metasomatism.European Union Horizon 202

Using online teaching resources to increase nursing students\u27 knowledge and assessment skills of skin cancer

Nurses are in an excellent position to teach the public about skin cancer prevention and perform cancer screenings. This study was designed to test an educational intervention intended to teach nursing students about skin cancer so they can reach competence and be certified by faculty to educate their patients. Similarly, students are educated and certified in other areas, namely asthma and naloxone administration. By conducting this quasi-experimental study, the researchers sought to evaluate the effectiveness of adding online skin cancer education to traditional educational methods. Using a quasi-experimental design, we assigned nursing students (n = 146) to either an intervention group, which received an online educational treatment, or to a control group, which did not receive any such treatment. Both groups then completed a post-test measure assessing their knowledge about skin cancer (‘knowledge’), sun protective behaviours (‘behavior’), and perceptions about the role of the nurse in skin cancer prevention (‘role’). Participants in the intervention group had significantly higher scores on the ‘behavior’ and ‘role’ measures, suggesting that the intervention had successfully impacted these dimensions

Quantification of the SF₆ lifetime based on mesospheric loss measured in the stratospheric polar vortex

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) is a greenhouse gas with one of the highest radiative efficiencies in the atmosphere as well as an important indicator of transport time scales in the stratosphere. The current widely used estimate of the atmospheric lifetime of SF₆ is 3200 years. In this study we use in situ measurements in the 2000 Arctic polar vortex that sampled air with up to 50% SF₆ loss to calculate an SF₆ lifetime. Comparison of these measurements with output from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) shows that WACCM transport into the vortex is accurate and that an important SF₆ loss mechanism, believed to be electron attachment, is missing in the model. Based on the measurements and estimates of the size of the vortex, we calculate an SF₆ lifetime of 850 years with an uncertainty range of 580–1400 years. The amount of SF₆ loss is shown to be consistent with that of HFC‐227ea, which has a lifetime of 670–780 years, adding independent support to our new SF₆ lifetime estimate. Based on the revised lifetime the global warming potential of SF₆ will decrease only slightly for short time horizons (<100 years) but will decrease substantially for time horizons longer than 2000 years. Also, the use of SF6 measurements as an indicator of transport time scales in the stratosphere clearly must account for potential influence from polar vortex air

Fast Ensemble Smoothing

Smoothing is essential to many oceanographic, meteorological and hydrological applications. The interval smoothing problem updates all desired states within a time interval using all available observations. The fixed-lag smoothing problem updates only a fixed number of states prior to the observation at current time. The fixed-lag smoothing problem is, in general, thought to be computationally faster than a fixed-interval smoother, and can be an appropriate approximation for long interval-smoothing problems. In this paper, we use an ensemble-based approach to fixed-interval and fixed-lag smoothing, and synthesize two algorithms. The first algorithm produces a linear time solution to the interval smoothing problem with a fixed factor, and the second one produces a fixed-lag solution that is independent of the lag length. Identical-twin experiments conducted with the Lorenz-95 model show that for lag lengths approximately equal to the error doubling time, or for long intervals the proposed methods can provide significant computational savings. These results suggest that ensemble methods yield both fixed-interval and fixed-lag smoothing solutions that cost little additional effort over filtering and model propagation, in the sense that in practical ensemble application the additional increment is a small fraction of either filtering or model propagation costs. We also show that fixed-interval smoothing can perform as fast as fixed-lag smoothing and may be advantageous when memory is not an issue

Production of α1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient pigs

The enzyme α1,3-galactosyltransferase (α1,3GT or GGTA1) synthesizes α1,3galactose (α1,3Gal) epitopes (Galα1,3Galβ1,4GlcNAc-R), which are the major xenoantigens causing hyperacute rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Complete removal of α1,3Gal from pig organs is the critical step toward the success of xenotransplantation. We reported earlier the targeted disruption of one allele of the α1,3GT gene in cloned pigs. A selection procedure based on a bacteria[toxin was used to select for cells in which the second allele of the gene was knocked out. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that knockout of the second allele of the α1,3GT gene was caused by a T-to-G single point mutation at the second base of exon 9, which resulted in inactivation of the α1,3GT protein. Four healthy α1,3GT double-knockout female piglets were produced by three consecutive rounds of cloning. The piglets carrying a point mutation in the α1,3GT gene hold significant value, as they would allow production of α1,3Gal-deficient pigs free of antibiotic-resistance genes and thus have the potential to make a safer product for human use

Changes observed in radionuclide bone scans during and after teriparatide treatment for osteoporosis

# The Author(s) 2011. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Purpose Visual changes on radionuclide bone scans have been reported with teriparatide treatment. To assess this, serial studies were evaluated and quantified in ten postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with teriparatide (20 μg/day subcutaneous) who had 99m Tc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scans (baseline, 3 and 18 months, then after 6 months off therapy). Methods Women were injected with 600 MBq 99m Tc-MDP, and diagnostic bone scan images were assessed at 3.5 h. Additional whole-body scans (10 min, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h) were analysed for 99m Tc-MDP skeletal plasma clearance (Kbone). Regional Kbone differences were obtained for the whole skeleton and six regions (calvarium, mandible, spine, pelvis, upper and lower extremities). Bone turnover markers (BTM) were also measured. Results Most subjects showed visual changes on 3- and 18month bone scan images that disappeared after 6 months off therapy. Enhanced uptake was seen predominantly in the calvarium and lower extremities. Whole skeleton Kbone displayed a median increase of 22 % (3 months, p=0.004) and 34 % (18 months, p=0.002) decreasing to 0.7% (6 months off therapy). Calvarium Kbone changes were three times larger than other sites. After 6 months off therapy, all Kbone and BTM values returned towards baseline