Evolution of the physicochemical characteristics of water of the lake tank Mansour Eddahbi and its impact on the trophic state (Morocco)

Résumé Le lac de réservoir Mansour Eddahbi, situé au sud-est du Maroc Ouarzazate, constitué la source de l'eau des irrigations et l'eau potable dans la région du Drâa. Comme dans tous les barrages du Maroc, ce lac est subie avec le phénomène de l'eutrophisation, qui détériore la qualité de cette eau. Les objectifs de cette étude sont distingués la fluctuation des paramètres de l'eau, par l'analyse d'une base de données 8 ans, dans une zone caractérisée par un climat semi-aride et la détermination de l'effet des conditions climatiques sévères sur la qualité et l'trophique état de l'eau du barrage Mansour Eddahbi. Les résultats obtenu montrent que la température de l'eau élevée et la concentration de phosphore total sont deux facteurs soutient la prolifération algale, qui reflète l'état trophique du réservoir du lac. Mots-clés : eutrophisation, Mansour Eddahbi, quali d'ea

Synthesis and characterization of arginine-doped heliotrope leaves with high clean-up capacity for crystal violet dye from aqueous media

Novel an arginine-modified Heliotrope leaf (Arg@HL) was used as adsorbent for the crystal violet (CV) dye adsorption in a batch process. The physicochemical and morphological composition of Arg@HL were characterized by field-emission-scanning-electron-microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experiments were carried out to investigate the factors that influence the dye uptake by the adsorbent, such as the contact time under agitation, adsorbent amount, initial dye concentration, temperature and pH of dye solution. The optimum conditions of adsorption were found on the batch scale as followed: CV concentration of 20 mg center dot L-1, an amount of 0.75 g center dot L-1 of the adsorbent, 90 min contact time, 6 pH and 25 degrees C temperature for Arg@HL. The results confirmed a second-order model explaining the dye crystal violet's adsorption's kinetics by Arg-Heliotrope leaves. The Langmuir model effectively defines the adsorption isotherms. The results revealed that the Arg@HL has the potential to be used as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of CV dye from aqueous solutions

The Effect of Senegal River Irrigation Water Quality on Soil Salinization: A Study of the Main Canal of the M’Pourie Plain in Mauritania

In this study, the Senegal River, being the main source of water, plays a crucial role in the area’s agricultural development. Irrigation on the M’Pourie plain using water from the Senegal River is carried out without any prior sanitation control. An evaluation of the quality of irrigation water and its impact on soil salinization in different agricultural plots soil salinity is crucial for the effective utilization of traditional irrigation water over extended periods. Comprehensive physico-chemical analyses were conducted across nine locations on the M’Pourie plain in Rosso during the dynamic seasons of 2021-2023. Nevertheless, a relatively small number of studies have employed soil salinity indexing methods to examine the consequences of river irrigation on soil salinity. The analysis and interpretation of the results obtained were based both on classic methods (average and correlations) and more advanced techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and the Piper diagram which allow characterization and a spatial typology of water. Analysis of the Piper diagram highlights the distinction between two groups of water, weakly and moderately mineralized, ranging from 52.22 μS.cm-1 in the dry season to 72.22 μS.cm-1 in the rainy season, presenting a sodium-potassium bicarbonate facies The variability of irrigation water supplies, proves to be important in the functioning of an agro-systems. Two modes of operation have become individualized: the dry phase mode, characterized by very strong mineralization of the water linked to a significant load of dissolved elements, and the wet phase mode, whose water quality is poorly mineralized but shows the impact that its irrigation water can represent in the loading of organic and mineral pollution and the need for strict control of these waters upstream before their agricultural use. The results of this study show the absence of risks of soil salinization in relation to the chemical nature of irrigation water and the impact of agriculture on the M’Pourie plain

Les rejets miniers de traitement : caractérisation, capacité polluante et impacts environnementaux, mine Zeïda, mine Mibladen, Haute Moulouya (Maroc)

The aim of this study is to characterize the wastes of treatment abandoned at the mine sites Zeida and Mibladen (Upper Moulouya, eastern of Morocco).highlight the polluting capacity of these wastes and determine their environmental impacts taking into account climate semi-arid and geological context carbonate and silicate in the region. The results showed that the mining wastes at Zeida (RZ) and at Mibladen (RM) consist of fine particle size, have low geotechnical stability, highly mobile and exhibit high levels of toxic trace metals (MTE) (Pb: 5547ppm for RZ//10520ppm for RM). These wastes with alkaline pH are affected by intense water erosion and in particular wind erosion and they create multiple environmental impacts. lndeed, in addition to the negative impact on the landscape that they generate, MTE contained in these wastes are transported, spread and contaminate surface water resources and soil around: (water: Pb: 13-430g/1//Sediments Pb:33-2415ppm //Soils: Pb:71-566 ppm). However, we note that the risk of contamination related to chemical weathering from the studied wastes is reduced sequel on the one hand to the Jack of moisture in semi-arid climate favoring chemical reactions within the waste and second/y due to the abundance of carbonates and 1 or silicates in wastes and into the geological terrain of the region. Phenomena of acid mine drainage (AMD), in particular acidification of surface water and leachate, most remarkable phenomenon of AMD were detected anywhere in mining districts. This is the contaminated neutral drainage (CND) for mining wastes of Zeïda and Mibladen at upper Moulouya. Mechanical wind erosion is the main vector of the dispersion of suspended particles of contaminants from wastes studied.L'objectif de cette étude est de caractériser les rejets miniers de traitement abandonnés aux centres miniers Zeïda et Mibladen (Haute Moulouya, oriental du Maroc), de mettre en exergue la capacité polluante de ces rejets et déterminer leurs impacts environnementaux tenant compte du climat semi-aride et du contexte géologique dans la région. Les résultats ont révélé que les verses à rejets miniers à Zeïda (RZ) et à Mibladen (RM) sont constituées de particules de taille fine, de stabilité géotechnique faible, très mobiles et présentent des teneurs élevées en éléments traces métalliques toxiques (ETM) (Pb : 5547ppm pour RZ//10520ppm pour RM).Ces rejets à pH alcalin (8,4) subissent l'effet d'une intense érosion hydrique et en particulier éolienne et créent de multiples impacts environnementaux. En effet, en plus de l'impact paysager négatif qu'ils génèrent, les ETM contenus dans ces rejets sont transportés, disséminés et contaminent les ressources en eaux de surface et les sols aux alentours : (Eaux : Pb : 13-430µg/l//Sédiments : Pb : 33-2415ppm//Sols : Pb : 71-566 ppm). Toutefois, on note que le risque de contamination lié à l'altération chimique à partir des rejets miniers étudiés est réduit suite d'une part au manque d'humidité en climat semi aride favorisant les réactions chimiques au sein des rejets et d'autre part suite à l'abondance des carbonates et/ou des silicates dans les rejets et dans les terrains géologiques de la région. Les phénomènes du drainage minier acide (DMA), en particulier l'acidification des eaux de surface et des lixiviats, phénomène le plus remarquable du DMA n'ont été décelés nulle part au niveau des districts miniers. Il s'agit du drainage neutre contaminé (DNC) pour les rejets des mines Zeïda et Mibladen de la Haute Moulouya. L'érosion mécanique éolienne est le vecteur principal de la dispersion, à partir des rejets miniers étudiés, de particules en suspension contaminants

Impact des activités humaines sur la dégradation de la qualité des sédiments de l’estuaire de Loukkos (Maroc)

The spatial and temporal variation of 6 trace metals levels (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb and Cd) were studied in the sediments of the Loukkos river estuary in relation with various human activities of industrial, agricultural and domestic origin.The results obtained show that level of the station where the waste is discharged wastewater from the Larache city; there is a significant change in the values of principal elements (Cr and Pb). Indeed, the metal content of the sediments of these values reach particularly high near the main upstream (high agricultural activity) and downstream (domestic wastewater of the city and traffic) from the estuary. Nowadays, the limit for Cr and Pb exceeded the standard of the Domestic network Observation. This has confirmed by the index of contamination, the analysis of variance and the Principal Component Analysis practised.Les variations spatio-temporelles des teneurs en métaux lourds : le fer (Fe), le zinc (Zn), le cuivre (Cu), le chrome (Cr), le plomb (Pb) et le cadmium (Cd) ont été étudiées au niveau des sédiments de l’estuaire du bas Loukkos en relation avec les diverses activités humaines qu’elles soient d’origine industrielle, agricole ou domestique.Les résultats obtenus montrent qu’au niveau de la station où se déversent les rejets des eaux usées de la ville de Larache, on assiste à une modification importante dans les valeurs des principaux éléments (Cr et Pb). En effet, les teneurs métalliques des sédiments de ces éléments atteignent des valeurs particulièrement élevées à trois niveaux : au voisinage du collecteur principal, en amont et en aval de l’estuaire caractérisé respectivement par une forte activité agricole et un rejet d’eau usée domestique ainsi qu’un trafic routier important. L’indice de contamination, l’analyse de variance et l’analyse en composante principale pratiquées réalisés confirme ceci

Biodiversity assessment and ecotypology of the Taanzoult plain running water (Aguelmam Sidi Ali, Morocco)

The Taanzoult plain is an integral part of the Aguelmam Sidi Ali wetland in the central Moroccan Middle Atlas. Its composition, of several geomorphological facies and terrestrial and aquatic habitats, offers consequent ecosystemic and socioeconomic services. Nevertheless, it is subject to strong anthropic pressure. The objective of this study is to measure the biodiversity and to evaluate the anthropogenic interactions within the aquatic environment. Benthic population dynamics were analyzed at seven monthly stations along the 12-month hydrobiological cycle.The study allowed the inventory of 25,432 individuals divided into nine taxonomic classes. The taxonomic wealth is 106 taxa belonging to 92 genera and 64 families of which 70 taxa were recorded at water sources and 77 taxa at the streams. This richness is composed mainly of 64% of insects, 10% of clitellates, 9% of gastropods and 9% of crustaceans. The quantitative and qualitative biological indicators have generally concluded to a poor water quality for both springs and streams. Moreover, the bioindicator species of the good quality of water resources and the surrounding terrestrial ecosystem (Odonata and Plecoptera) are less present despite the absence of their aquatic predators (fish). Thus, the presence of Lymnaeidae and Planorbidae hosts of several pathogens responsible for waterborne diseases and the presence of Anopheles (Culicidae) agent responsible for malaria.In this context, the aquatic biodiversity is significantly influenced by the anthropozoogenic impact according to a spatiotemporal typology. Indeed, these observations highlight aquatic life degradation and put in suspicion the quality of drinking water and hydropathy. So, it would be judicious to set up a rigorous surveillance system to prevent the imminent health risk and to regulate the pastoral activity in the wetland, in order to foresee adequate development of the water sources in order to perpetuate the offered ecosystem services

Synthesis and Characterization of Slag-Sludge-Based Eco-Friendly Materials – Industrial Implications

Currently in Morocco, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) generate huge quantities of sludge from wastewater treatment. This sludge is a real concern for the environment. No regulatory text takes into account the future and management of sludge, its use in agriculture is not officially authorized and the solutions currently implemented for its elimination or recovery are done on an ad hoc basis and pose a number of difficulties for operators. The objective of the present study is to investigate the stabilization and solidification of a geopolymer based on sewage sludge and blast furnace slag (slag), as well as the possibility to use this geopolymer as a thermal insulation material. The sludge used comes from the AIN AOUDA-activated sludge type WWTP, the collected sludge is dehydrated and stabilized by slaked lime (Ca(OH)2) in the sludge treatment process. The blast furnace slag (slag) came from the plant in France. Four samples were prepared by substituting the slag with quantities (10 to 40%) of limed sludge, a quantity of sand, and a solution of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide used as an alkaline activator. The effect of limed sludge on the physicochemical and microstructural properties of the synthesized geopolymers was evaluated using several analytical techniques, such as compressive strength, P-wave velocity, density and porosity tests, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the addition of 10 to 40% of limed sludge resulted in a progressive decrease in the compressive strength of the synthesized geopolymer and an increase in the thermal conductivity, which allows the use of the synthesized geopolymer as a material