Rehabilitación de enfermería: camino a la evaluación de la calidad en las unidades de admisión

Neste artigo pretende-se apresentar um percurso para identificar fatores que contribuam para a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem de reabilitação em unidades de internamento e conceber um caminho para a criação de um instrumento de avaliação para a prática de cuidados de enfermagem de reabilitação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada nos serviços de medicina de um hospital do norte do país, cujos participantes foram doze enfermeiros especialistas em enfermagem de reabilitação e a metodologia de colheita de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados que emergem das narrativas dos participantes traduzem-se por um conjunto de atributos que ilustram o modelo proposto por Donabedian, baseado em três componentes do cuidado em saúde: estrutura, processo e resultado, a par com o conhecido ciclo de melhoria contínua proposto por Deming. Analisamos as especificidades necessárias para boas práticas de cuidados de reabilitação.En este artículo se intenta presentar un itinerario para identificar los factores que contribuyen a la calidad de los cuidados de enfermería de rehabilitación en unidades de internamiento y abrir un camino a la creación de un instrumento de evaluación para la práctica de cuidados de enfermería de rehabilitación. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo realizado en los servicios médicos de un hospital en el norte de Portugal cuyos participantes fueron doce especialistas en enfermería de rehabilitación. La metodología para la recolección de datos fue una entrevista semiestruturada. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de los relatos de los participantes se traducen en un conjunto de atributos que ilustran el modelo propuesto por Donabedian, basado en tres componentes de la atención sanitaria: estructura, proceso y resultados, junto con el conocido ciclo de mejora continua propuesto por Deming. Analizamos las especificidades necesarias para la buena práctica en los cuidados de rehabilitación.This article is an attempt to present a route to identify factors that contribute to the quality of nursing care for inpatient rehabilitation units and to identify instruments used to design and evaluate a way to create an assessment instrument for care in rehabilitation nursing. This is a qualitative study conducted in the medical services of a hospital in the north of Portugal, whose participants were twelve nurse specialists in rehabilitation, and the data collection method was semi-structured interview. The results that emerge from the participants’ narratives translate into a set of attributes that illustrate the model proposed by Donabedian, based on three components of health care: structure, process and outcome, and the cycle of continuous improvement proposed by Deming. We analised the specific requirements for good practice in rehabilitation care.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Interpretation of the Reflectance Spectra of Lithium (Li) Minerals and Pegmatites: A Case Study for Mineralogical and Lithological Identification in the Fregeneda-Almendra Area

Reflectance spectroscopy has been used to identify several deposit types. However, applications concerning lithium (Li)-pegmatites are still scarce. Reflectance spectroscopic studies complemented by microscopic and geochemical studies were employed in the Fregeneda-Almendra (Spain-Portugal) pegmatite field to analyze the spectral behavior of Li-minerals and field lithologies. The spectral similarity of the target class (Li-pegmatites) with other elements was also evaluated. Lepidolite was discriminated from other white micas and the remaining Li-minerals. No diagnostic feature of petalite and spodumene was identified, since their spectral curves are dominated by clays. Their presence was corroborated (by complementary techniques) in petalite relics and completely replaced crystals, although the clay-related absorption depths decrease with Li content. This implies that clays can be used as pathfinders only in areas where argillic alteration is not prevalent. All sampled lithologies present similar water and/or hydroxide features. The overall mineral assemblage is very distinct, with lepidolite, cookeite, and orthoclase exclusively identified in Li-pegmatite (being these minerals crucial targets for Li-pegmatite discrimination in real-life applications), while chlorite and biotite can occur in the remaining lithologies. Satellite data can be used to discriminate Li-pegmatites due to distinct reflectance magnitude and mineral assemblages, higher absorptions depths, and distinct Al-OH wavelength position. The potential use of multi- and hyperspectral data was evaluated; the main limitations and advantages were discussed. These new insights on the spectral behavior of Li-minerals and pegmatites may aid in new Li-pegmatite discoveries around the world

Vibrational analysis of d-PCL(530)/siloxane based hybrids doped with two lithium salts

Published online: 22 May 2013The present study has been focused on environmentally friendly sol-gel derived electrolytes based on a di-urethane cross-linked d-PCL(530)/siloxane network (where d represents di, PCL identifies the poly(ε–caprolactone) biopolymer and 530 is the average molecular weight in g.mol-1) doped with a wide range of concentration of lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI). Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman (FT-IR and FT-Raman, respectively) spectroscopies have been applied to evaluate the extent of ionic association. Characteristic bands of the PCL(530) segments, of the urethane cross-links and of the anions have been examined to gain insight into the cation/biopolymer, cation/anion and cation/cross-link interactions. In both electrolyte systems “free” ions and contact ions have been identified. The addition of salt modifies the hydrogen-bonded array of the host matrix, causing the destruction/formation of the urethane/urethane aggregates.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Cell walls of the dimorphic fungal pathogens Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis exhibit bilaminate structures and sloughing of extensive and intact layers

This work was supported by the Fundação Carlos Chagas de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), grants E-26/202.974/2015 and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), grants 229755/2013-5, Brazil. LMLB is a senior research fellow of CNPq and Faperj. NG acknowledged support from the Wellcome Trust (Trust (097377, 101873, 200208) and MRC Centre for Medical Mycology (MR/N006364/1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Modeling Rett Syndrome With Human Patient-Specific Forebrain Organoids

Engineering brain organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is a powerful tool for modeling brain development and neurological disorders. Rett syndrome (RTT), a rare neurodevelopmental disorder, can greatly benefit from this technology, since it affects multiple neuronal subtypes in forebrain sub-regions. We have established dorsal and ventral forebrain organoids from control and RTT patient-specific hiPSCs recapitulating 3D organization and functional network complexity. Our data revealed a premature development of the deep-cortical layer, associated to the formation of TBR1 and CTIP2 neurons, and a lower expression of neural progenitor/proliferative cells in female RTT dorsal organoids. Moreover, calcium imaging and electrophysiology analysis demonstrated functional defects of RTT neurons. Additionally, assembly of RTT dorsal and ventral organoids revealed impairments of interneuron’s migration. Overall, our models provide a better understanding of RTT during early stages of neural development, demonstrating a great potential for personalized diagnosis and drug screening

On a smoothed penalty-based algorithm for global optimization

This paper presents a coercive smoothed penalty framework for nonsmooth and nonconvex constrained global optimization problems. The properties of the smoothed penalty function are derived. Convergence to an ε -global minimizer is proved. At each iteration k, the framework requires the ε(k) -global minimizer of a subproblem, where ε(k)→ε . We show that the subproblem may be solved by well-known stochastic metaheuristics, as well as by the artificial fish swarm (AFS) algorithm. In the limit, the AFS algorithm convergence to an ε(k) -global minimum of the real-valued smoothed penalty function is guaranteed with probability one, using the limiting behavior of Markov chains. In this context, we show that the transition probability of the Markov chain produced by the AFS algorithm, when generating a population where the best fitness is in the ε(k)-neighborhood of the global minimum, is one when this property holds in the current population, and is strictly bounded from zero when the property does not hold. Preliminary numerical experiments show that the presented penalty algorithm based on the coercive smoothed penalty gives very competitive results when compared with other penalty-based methods.The authors would like to thank two anonymous referees for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the paper. This work has been supported by COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043 and FCT - Fundac¸ao para a Ci ˜ encia e Tecnologia within the projects UID/CEC/00319/2013 and ˆ UID/MAT/00013/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio