Emergence of interaction effects in Bose-Einstein condensation

We present a quantitative evaluation of the predictions of mean-field theory for describing a Bose-Einstein condensate in a magnetic trap by comparing directly with experimental observations. We study the release energy from ballistic expansion and the cloud density profile as a function of mean-field effects. Significant departure of the cloud shape from both the noninteracting limit and the strongly repulsive limit is observed for our parameters, consistent with theoretical prediction

Correcção de uma má-oclusão de Classe II divisão 1 em duas fases de tratamento

A influência dos aparelhos funcionais no crescimento craniofacial assim como a filosofia dos tratamentos ortodônticos que envolvem duas fases são assuntos controversos. O tratamento das más-oclusões de Classe II Divisão 1 executado em duas fases visa, na primeira fase diminuir a discrepância sagital. A segunda fase pretende obter uma oclusão de acordo com os padrões de oclusão funcional. O objectivo deste artigo consiste em apresentar a sequência de tratamento de um caso clínico de má-oclusão de Classe II Divisão 1, tratado em duas fases, em que foi utilizado um activador do tipo Teuscher, na primeira fase.The influence of functional appliances on craniofacial growth as well as the two-phase orthodontic treatment philosophy are still controversial subjects. The main purpose of the two-phase treatment involving activators is to promote dento-alveolar changes. The goal of the second phase is creating an occlusion according to functional occlusion patterns. The aim of this article is to present the sequence of a Class II Division 1 treatment case in two phases, in which a Teuscher activator is used in the first phase

Rectification of electronic heat current by a hybrid thermal diode

We report the realization of an ultra-efficient low-temperature hybrid heat current rectifier, thermal counterpart of the well-known electric diode. Our design is based on a tunnel junction between two different elements: a normal metal and a superconducting island. Electronic heat current asymmetry in the structure arises from large mismatch between the thermal properties of these two. We demonstrate experimentally temperature differences exceeding $60$ mK between the forward and reverse thermal bias configurations. Our device offers a remarkably large heat rectification ratio up to $\sim 140$ and allows its prompt implementation in true solid-state thermal nanocircuits and general-purpose electronic applications requiring energy harvesting or thermal management and isolation at the nanoscale.Comment: 8 pages, 6 color figure

Physicochemical stability and sensory acceptance of a carbonated cashew beverage with fructooligosaccharide added

The objective of this research was to determine the shelf life of a carbonated cashew beverage with fructooligosaccharides added using two different processing methods: by using additives (potassium sorbate/sodium benzoate) without pasteurization and by using pasteurization at 90°C for 1 min with addition of preservatives. Physicochemical analyzes (pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids (°Brix), vitamin C, reducing sugars) and sensory evaluation (triangular test and acceptance test) were performed throughout 60 days of storage at 20°C. The results show a decrease in vitamin C content in both processing methods (p <0.05), while the other physicochemical parameters were similar and stable during the shelf life period. Hedonic scores between 5.0 (neither liked, nor disliked) and 6.0 (slightly liked) were obtained during the test period. The results suggest that it is possible to develop a potentially prebiotic cashew beverage that presents suitable physicochemical and sensory parameters.Keywords: Prebiotic beverages, stability, sensory analysisAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(20), pp. 2986-298

Visuomotor learning promotes visually evoked activity in the medial prefrontal cortex

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is necessary for executing many learned associations between stimuli and movement. It is unclear, however, how activity in the mPFC evolves across learning, and how this activity correlates with sensory stimuli and the learned movements they evoke. To address these questions, we record cortical activity with widefield calcium imaging while mice learned to associate a visual stimulus with a forelimb movement. After learning, the mPFC shows stimulus-evoked activity both during task performance and during passive viewing, when the stimulus evokes no action. This stimulus-evoked activity closely tracks behavioral performance across training, with both exhibiting a marked increase between days when mice first learn the task, followed by a steady increase with further training. Electrophysiological recordings localized this activity to the secondary motor and anterior cingulate cortex. We conclude that learning a visuomotor task promotes a route for visual information to reach the prefrontal cortex

Significado de la anemia en las diferentes etapas de la vida

Overview: Anemia is very common in primary care consultations and pediatrics, and IDA is the cause of 50% of all cases of anemia. Methodology: Literature review and documentary descriptive analysis of the pathogenesis of iron-deficiency anemia, the basic diagnostic tests to study IDA and the significance of such using a specific time period in the documentary search and inclusion criteria that takes into account factors that are analyzed in the study: Ideas about the metabolism of iron. Ideas about hematopoiesis. Laboratory diagnosis and classification of anemia. Clinical features of iron deficiency anemia. Causes of iron deficiency. Results and conclusion: The staged documentary study covers the publications on the pathogenesis of iron deficiency anemia, the basic diagnostic tests to study the IDA and the significance of such, and it shows how important this data is for professional nursing in the area of primary care and pediatrics, to identify it and act accordingly.Resumen: La anemia presenta una elevada prevalencia en las consultas de atención primaria y pediatría, y la ADH representa el 50% de todos los casos de anemia. Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica y análisis descriptivo documental sobre etiopatogenia de la anemia ferropénica, las pruebas diagnósticas básicas para el estudio de la ADH  y su significado, utilizando una temporalidad determinada en la búsqueda documental y criterios de inclusión atendiendo a las dimensiones que se analizan en el estudio: Nociones acerca del metabolismo del hierro. Nociones acerca de la hematopoyesis. Diagnóstico por el laboratorio y clasificación de las anemias. Clínica de la anemia ferropénica. Causas de la deficiencia de hierro. Resultados y conclusión: EL estudio documental efectuado nos presenta la existencia de publicaciones con contenidos sobre etiopatogenia de la anemia ferropénica, las pruebas diagnósticas básicas para el estudio de la ADH  y su significado, evidenciando la importancia de este contenido para el profesional de enfermería en el área de la atención primaria y pediatría

An exploratory study with an adaptive continuous intravenous furosemide regimen in neonates treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Introduction: The objective of the present study was to explore a continuous intravenous furosemide regimen that adapts to urine output in neonates treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods: Seven neonates admitted to a paediatric surgical intensive care unit for ECMO therapy were treated with a furosemide regimen consisting of a loading bolus (1-2 mg/kg) followed by a continuous infusion at 0.2 mg/kg per hour, which was adjusted according to the target urine production of 6 ml/kg per hour. Therapeutic drug monitoring for furosemide concentrations in blood was performed. Results: The mean ± standard deviation furosemide dose was 0.17 ± 0.06 mg/kg per hour, 0.08 ± 0.04 mg/kg per hour and 0.12 ± 0.07 mg/kg per hour

Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Hospitality Venues in Europe

BACKGROUND: Although in the last few years some European countries have implemented smoking bans in hospitality venues, the levels of secondhand smoke (SHS) in this occupational sector Could still be extremely high in most countries. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study, was to assess exposure to SHS in hospitality venues in 10 European cities. METHODS: We included 167 hospitality venues (58 discotheques and pubs, 82 restaurants and cafeterias, and 27 fast-food restaurants) in this cross-sectional study. We carried Out fieldwork in 10 European cities: Vienna (Austria), Paris (France), Athens (Greece), Florence and Belluno (Italy), Galway (Ireland), Barcelona (Spain), Warsaw and Lublin (Poland), and Bratislava (Slovak Republic). We measured vapor-phase nicotine as an SHS marker. RESULTS: We analyzed 504 samples and found nicotine in most samples (97.4%). We found the highest median concentrations in discos/pubs [32.99 mu g/m(3); interquartile range (IQR), 8.06-66.84 mu g/m(3)] and lower median concentrations in restaurants/cafeterias (2.09 mu g/m(3); IQR, 0.49-6.73 mu g/m(3)) and fast-food restaurants (0.31 mu g/m(3); IQR, 0.11-1.30 mu g/m(3)) (p < 0.05). We found differences of exposure between countries that may be related to their smoking regulations. Where we sampled smoking and nonsmoking areas, nicotine concentrations were significantly lower in nonsmoking areas. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitality venues from European cities without smoking regulations have very high levels of SHS exposure. Monitoring of SHS on a regular basis as well as a total smoking ban in hospitality sector would be needed

SEOM-GEMCAD-TTD clinical guidelines for localized rectal cancer (2021)

Guideline; Rectal cancer; Total neoadjuvant therapyPauta; Càncer de recte; Teràpia neoadjuvant totalPauta; Cáncer de recto; Terapia neoadyuvante totalThe management of localized rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach to optimize outcomes, reduce morbidity and prevent under or overtreatments. While early stages may obtain benefit of local resections without any additional therapies, locally advanced rectal cancer becomes a challenge defining the better sequential strategy of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The latest results of international phase III studies have positioned the total neoadjuvant therapy as a potential new standard of care in high risk rectal cancers, however, the best schedule is still not well defined

Filariasis of the Axilla in a Patient Returning from Travel Abroad: A Case Report

Background: The term filariasis comprises a group of parasitic infections caused by helminths belonging to different genera in the superfamily Filaroidea. The human parasites occur mainly in tropical and subtropical regions, but filariae are also found in temperate climates, where they can infect wild and domestic animals. Humans are rarely infected by these zoonotic parasites. Patients and Methods: A 55-year-old patient presented with a new-onset, subcutaneous, non-tender palpable mass in the right axilla. Ultrasonography showed a 1.3-cm, solid, singular encapsulated node. Sonography of the breast on both sides, axilla and lymphatic drainage on the left side, lymphatic drainage on the right side, and mammography on both sides were without pathological findings. The node was excised under local anesthesia as the patient refused minimal invasive biopsy. Results: On histopathological examination, the tail of a parasite of the group of filariae was found. The patient revealed that she had stayed in Africa and Malaysia for professional reasons. 6 months before the time of diagnosis, she had also suffered from a fever and poor general condition after a trip abroad. The patient was referred for further treatment to the Institute for Tropical Medicine at the University of Dusseldorf, where a treatment with ivermectin was conducted on the basis of positive staining with antibodies against filariae. Conclusion: Our case demonstrates the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between breast center, pathology, and other specialties such as microbiology and tropical medicine