46 research outputs found
Feel good, do-good!? On consistency and compensation in moral self-regulation
Studies in the behavioral ethics and moral psychology traditions have begun to reveal the important roles of self-related processes that underlie moral behavior. Unfortunately, this research has resulted in two distinct and opposing streams of findings that are usually referred to as moral consistency and moral compensation. Moral consistency research shows that a salient self-concept as a moral person promotes moral behavior. Conversely, moral compensation research reveals that a salient self-concept as an immoral person promotes moral behavior. The present studyās aim was to integrate these two literatures. We argued that compensation forms a reactive, ādamage controlā response in social situations, whereas consistency derives from a more proactive approach to reputation building and maintenance. Two experiments supported this prediction in showing that cognitive depletion (i.e., resulting in a reactive approach) results in moral compensation whereas consistency results when cognitive resources are available (i.e., resulting in a proactive approach). Experiment 2 revealed that these processes originate from reputational (rather than moral) considerations by showing that they emerge only under conditions of accountability. It can thus be concluded that reputational concerns are important for both moral compensation and moral consistency processes, and that which of these two prevails depends on the perspective that people take: a reactive or a proactive approach
Trust maintenance as a function of construal level and attributions: the case of apologies
When do recipients of an apology (ātrustorsā) base their decision to trust a perpetrator (a ātrusteeā) on the attributional information embedded in an apology? Attributions provide a detailed account of the trusteeās causal involvement in committing a transgression. We therefore argue that trustors in a low construal level mindset use this information in their trusting decision. However, trustors in a high construal level mindset likely consider all apologies as simple statements of regret, regardless of the attributional information they contain. We find support for this argument in four laboratory experiments. This research nuances the idea that to restore trust by means of an apology, the trustee must only use an effective attribution for a negative outcome. We also present a more realistic understanding of the process leading from apologies to trust than has been offered in previous work by simultaneously considering the role of the trustor and that of the trustee in the trust restoration process
Trust in authorities as a boundary condition to procedural fairness effects on tax compliance
We explored the moderating role of trust in authorities in the positive effect of procedural
fairness of the tax office on voluntary compliance with tax authorities. Building on fairness
heuristic theory, we predicted that particularly low trust in authorities makes people carefully
attend to the fairness with which the tax office enacts procedures. This should result
in positive procedural fairness effects on endorsement of norms prescribing taxpaying and,
consequently, in voluntary tax compliance, particularly among citizens with low trust in
authorities. Results from an experiment and a field study revealed converging support
for these predictions. We conclude that high trust in authorities forms an important
boundary condition to the effectiveness of procedural fairness as a tool to enhance tax
compliance
When do severe sanctions enhance compliance? The role of procedural fairness
Building on theoretical notions that severe sanctions (more than mild ones) can communicate
that sanctioned behavior is morally unacceptable, we argued that particularly authorities
who enact the sanction procedures in a fair manner stimulate compliance with their
decisions. This is because such authorities should be considered legitimate to communicate
what is morally acceptable and unacceptable. This interactive effect of sanction size and
procedural fairness on compliance should thus be mediated by moral evaluations of the
authority. A field survey and an experiment revealed support for these predictions. These
results thus support a non-instrumental perspective on the effectiveness of sanction severity
in increasing compliance with authorities
When social accounts promote acceptance of unfair ultimatum offers: the role of the victim's stress responses to uncertainty and power position
Recommended from our members
Procedural fairness and endorsement of prototypical leaders: leader benevolence or follower control?
International audienceThis research explored why strongly identifying followers endorse prototypical leaders by addressing the role of procedural fairness in this process. We introduced the distinction between procedural fairness rules relating to leader benevolence (i.e. whether the leader supports the group's interests) and follower control (i.e., whether followers can influence the leader's decisions). We predicted that strongly identifying group members endorse prototypical leaders because they perceive such leaders as acting in line with benevolence related fairness rules rather than because such leaders are perceived as giving followers control. An organizational field study and a laboratory experiment revealed support for these ideas. Our results thus provide insights into why prototypical leaders are endorsed among strongly identifying followers. They also have implications for the procedural fairness literature in showing that frequently studied procedural fairness rules (e.g. voice) do not explain endorsement of leaders believed to support the group's interests
How leader prototypicality influences followers' status: the role of procedural fairness
Coping with unmet expectations: learning opportunities as a buffer against emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions
This study investigated the buffering role of learning opportunities in the process leading from unmet expectations to turnover intentions, via emotional exhaustion. In a sample of 420 teachers in elementary education, the results of a mediated moderation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between unmet expectations and turnover intentions, via emotional exhaustion. Learning opportunities were found to buffer for the relationship between unmet expectation and emotional exhaustion in the sense that this relationship was weaker when learning opportunities were high. Also the mediated relationship between unmet expectations and turnover intentions via emotional exhaustion was weaker when learning opportunities were high. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed