Small Deviations for Time-Changed Brownian Motions and Applications to Second-Order Chaos

We prove strong small deviations results for Brownian motion under independent time-changes satisfying their own asymptotic criteria. We then apply these results to certain stochastic integrals which are elements of second-order homogeneous chaos.Comment: 23 page

The Effects of Imposed Foot Strike and Fatigue on Joint Stiffness and Metabolic Cost in Rearftoot Strike Runners

Running research has focues ont he effects of acute strike pattern modifications, specifically to lower extremity joint kinetics and stiffness. Joint stiffness may be related to injury risk in runners. As 75% of runners use a RFS pattern, it is worthwhile to study these runners. The purpose of this tudy was to xamine th eeffects of imposed FFSon ankle and knee joint stiffness before and after a long run in habitual RFSrunners. Ankl eand knee joinst stiffness as well as running economy were measured pre and post fatiguing long run. Ankle joint stiffness was lower during imposed FFS. Knee joint stiffness was higher during imposed FFS. Joint stiffness between strike patterns was independent of fatigue. The RFSpattern yielded better REthan imposed FFSindependent of fatigue. Our findings suggest aht it would not be mechanically or metabolically beneficial for habitual RFSrunners to acutely adopt a FFS

Development of novel catalysts for the alkyne metathesis and the butadiyne metathesis depolymerization

Neben der intensiv untersuchten und häufig eingesetzten Olefinmetathese (katalytischer Austausch von C=C-Doppelbindungen) fristet die analoge Alkinmetathese ein Schattendasein. Dies ist überraschend, denn bereits im Jahr 1968 wurde über die erste katalytische Manipulation von C-C-Dreifachbindungen berichtet. Seitdem wurden viele Entdeckungen in dem Bereich der Alkinmetathese gemacht. Heutzutage sind viele Molybdän- und Wolfram-Alkylidinkomplexe bekannt, die in der Lage sind, interne und seit kurzem auch terminale Alkine umzusetzen. Zudem wurden Katalysatoren entwickelt, welche die Herstellung wohldefinierter Polymere und Makrocyclen ermöglichen. Die in dieser Arbeit vorliegenden Ergebnisse beruhen hauptsächlich auf dem „push-pull“-Katalysatordesign von TAMM et al. unter Verwendung der Trsiamidowolfram- und Hexakis(amido)diwolfram-Route. Die Alkoholyse dieser Komplexe ermöglicht die Herstellung aktiver Katalysatoren für die Alkinmetathese, die in der Homodimerisierungsmetathese an zwei Modelsubstraten untersucht wurden. Neben der Entwicklung neuer Wolfram-basierter Katalysatoren wurde auch die Butadiinmetathese-Depolymerisation untersucht, in der lineare Polycarbazole in cyclische Oligomere umgewandelt wurden.In addition to the intensely researched and frequently used olefin metathesis (catalytic exchange of C=C double bonds), the analogous alkyne metathesis is underrepresented. This is surprising because the first manipulation of C-C triple bonds was already carried out in 1968. Since then many discoveries have been made in the field of alkyne metathesis. Today a large number of molybdenum and tungsten alkylidyne complexes are available that are capable of catalyzing internal and, more recently, terminal alkynes. Furthermore, catalysts have been developed, which allow the preparation of well-defined polymers and macrocycles. The results presented in this study are mainly based on the push-pull catalyst design of TAMM et al. using the triamido tungsten and hexakis(amido) ditungsten route. The alcoholysis of these complexes allows the preparation of active catalysts for alkyne metathesis, which has been investigated in homodimerization metathesis on two model substrates. In addition to the development of new tungsten based catalysts, we have also investigated the butadiyne metathesis depolymerization, in which linear polycarbazoles were converted into cyclic oligomers

Intermodulation electrostatic force microscopy for imaging surface photo-voltage

We demonstrate an alternative to Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy for imaging surface potential. The open-loop, single-pass technique applies a low-frequency AC voltage to the atomic force microscopy tip while driving the cantilever near its resonance frequency. Frequency mixing due to the nonlinear capacitance gives intermodulation products of the two drive frequencies near the cantilever resonance, where they are measured with high signal to noise ratio. Analysis of this intermodulation response allows for quantitative reconstruction of the contact potential difference. We derive the theory of the method, validate it with numerical simulation and a control experiment, and we demonstrate its utility for fast imaging of the surface photo-voltage on an organic photo-voltaic material.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, peer-reviewed, preprin

Antiskyrmions stabilized at interfaces by anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

Chiral magnets are an emerging class of topological matter harbouring localized and topologically protected vortex-like magnetic textures called skyrmions, which are currently under intense scrutiny as a new entity for information storage and processing. Here, on the level of micromagnetics we rigorously show that chiral magnets cannot only host skyrmions but also antiskyrmions as least-energy configurations over all non-trivial homotopy classes. We derive practical criteria for their occurrence and coexistence with skyrmions that can be fulfilled by (110)-oriented interfaces in dependence on the electronic structure. Relating the electronic structure to an atomistic spin-lattice model by means of density-functional calculations and minimizing the energy on a mesoscopic scale applying spin-relaxation methods, we propose a double layer of Fe grown on a W(110) substrate as a practical example. We conjecture that ultrathin magnetic films grown on semiconductor or heavy metal substrates with $C_{2v}$ symmetry are prototype classes of materials hosting magnetic antiskyrmions.Comment: 20 pages (11 pages + 9 pages supplementary material

Customers\u27 Intention to Use Digital Services in Retail Banking - An Information Processing Perspective

Service digitization increasingly impacts work and life. A frequent example is Internet banking. While customers act independently from time and space constraints, banks benefit from significantly lower transaction costs compared to branches. However, customers use online channels for distinct transactions and favor physical interactions with bank advisors for others. To understand the underlying drivers for the intention to use digital banking services, we derive a research model that is theoretically grounded in the Information Processing View. It is validated in a quantitative study with 338 evaluations among retail banking customers. The results indicate that customers’ information requirements and process risk negatively impact intended digital process use. In contrast, process experience positively impacts the intended digital process use. This paper is, to our best knowledge, the first to explore the role of information requirements and process-specific characteristics in detail. It guides practitioners in establishing more effective and efficient digital banking services

Vortex dynamics in the presence of excess energy for the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation

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Melcherite, trigonal Ba2Na2Mg[Nb6O19]·6H2O, the second natural hexaniobate, from Cajati, São Paulo, Brazil: Description and crystal structure

0000-0002-6395-8895© Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2018. This document is the author’s final accepted version of the journal article. You are advised to consult the published version if you wish to cite from it