34 research outputs found
PeanutMap: an online genome database for comparative molecular maps of peanut
BACKGROUND: Molecular maps have been developed for many species, and are of particular importance for varietal development and comparative genomics. However, despite the existence of multiple sets of linkage maps, databases of these data are lacking for many species, including peanut. DESCRIPTION: PeanutMap provides a web-based interface for viewing specific linkage groups of a map set. PeanutMap can display and compare multiple maps of a set based upon marker or trait correspondences, which is particularly important as cultivated peanut is a disomic tetraploid. The database can also compare linkage groups among multiple map sets, allowing identification of corresponding linkage groups from results of different research projects. Data from the two published peanut genome map sets, and also from three maps sets of phenotypic traits are present in the database. Data from PeanutMap have been incorporated into the Legume Information System website to allow peanut map data to be used for cross-species comparisons. CONCLUSION: The utility of the database is expected to increase as several SSR-based maps are being developed currently, and expanded efforts for comparative mapping of legumes are underway. Optimal use of these data will benefit from the development of tools to facilitate comparative analysis
Palladium nanoparticles supported on fluorine-doped tin oxide as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki coupling and 4-nitrophenol reduction
Immobilization of palladium nanoparticles onto the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) as support Pd/FTO, resulted in a highly active heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions and 4-nitrophenol reduction. The Pd/FTO catalyst has been synthesized by immobilization of palladium nanoparticles onto FTO via a simple impregnation method. ICP-MS analysis confirmed that there is 0.11 mmol/g of palladium was loaded successfully on FTO support. The crystallinity, morphologies, compositions and surface properties of Pd/FTO were fully characterized by various techniques. It was further examined for its catalytic activity and robustness in Suzuki coupling reaction with different aryl halides and solvents. The yields obtained from Suzuki coupling reactions were basically over 80%. The prepared catalyst was also tested on mild reaction such as reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). Pd/FTO catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity towards 4-NP reduction with a rate constant of 1.776 min(-1) and turnover frequency (TOF) value of 29.1 hr(-1). The findings revealed that Pd/FTO also maintained its high stability for five consecutive runs in Suzuki reactions and 4-NP reductions. The catalyst showed excellent catalytic activities by using a small amount of Pd/FTO for the Suzuki coupling reaction and 4-NP reduction
International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis
Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICARâRS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICARâRSâ2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidenceâbased findings of the document. Methods: ICARâRS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidenceâbased reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidenceâbased reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICARâRSâ2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidenceâbased management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICARâRSâ2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidenceâbased recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS
Neurophysiological testing in neurocritical care.
Purpose of review
To summarize a consensus of European authorities about the applications of clinical
neurophysiology in the ICU and, particularly, for a clinically useful management of
individual patients.
Recent findings
Clinical neurophysiology is useful for diagnosis (epilepsy, brain death, and
neuromuscular disorders), prognosis (anoxic ischemic encephalopathy, head trauma,
and neurological disturbances of metabolic and toxic origin), and follow-up. The
prognostic significance of each test varies as a function of coma etiology. A distinction
should be made between tests whose abnormalities are indicative of a poor prognosis
(bilateral absence of N20 in anoxic coma, abnormalities suggesting pontine involvement
in head trauma) and those whose relative normalcy constitutes an argument for a good
prognosis (integrity of brainstem conductions in head trauma, presence of cognitive
evoked potentials \u2013 mismatch negativity, P300 \u2013 irrespective of coma etiology).
The highlights of the recent literature mainly concern continuous neuromonitoring for
early detection of nonconvulsive seizures, both in adult and neonatal ICU, brain entry
into the ischemic penumbra zone, and neuronal functional consequences of intracranial
hypertension.
Summary
The domain of clinical neurophysiology is similar to that of clinical examination and
complementary to that of imaging techniques. It substantially improves the individual
management of ICU patients
Consensus on the use of neurophysiological tests in the intensive care unit (ICU): Electroencephalogram (EEG), evoked potentials (EP), and electroneuromyography (ENMG)
Study aim.\u2014To provide a consensus of European leading authorities about the optimal use of
clinical neurophysiological (CN) tests (electroencephalogram [EEG]; evoked potentials [EP];
electroneuromyography [ENMG]) in the intensive care unit (ICU) and, particularly, about the
way to make these tests clinically useful for the management of individual patients.
Methods.\u2014This study gathered together several European clinical neurophysiologists and neurointensivists
whose leading contributions in the adult or paediatric ICU and in continuous
neuromonitoring had been peer-acknowledged. It was based on both a literature review and
each participant\u2019s own experience. Given the methodological impossibility to gather studies
fulfilling criteria of evidence-based medicine, this article essentially relies on expert opinions
that were gained after several rounds, in which each expert was invited to communicate his
own contribution to all other experts. A complete consensus has been reached when submitting
the manuscript.
Results.\u2014What the group considered as the best classification systems for EEG and EP abnormalities
in the ICU is first presented. CN tests are useful for diagnosis (epilepsy, brain death,
and neuromuscular disorders), prognosis (anoxic ischemic encephalopathy, head trauma, and
neurologic disturbances of metabolic and toxic origin), and follow-up, in the adult, paediatric,
and neonatal ICU. Regarding prognosis, a clear distinction is made between these tests whose
abnormalities are indicative of an ominous prognosis and those whose relative normalcy is
indicative of a good prognosis. The prognostic significance of any test may vary as a function
of coma etiology.
Conclusion.\u2014CN provides quantitative functional assessment of the nervous system. It can be
used in sedated or curarized patients. Therefore, it should play a major role in the individual
assessment of ICU patients
An insertional mutagenesis screen identifies genes that cooperate with Mll-AF9 in a murine leukemogenesis model
Patients with a t(9;11) translocation (MLL-AF9) develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and while in mice the expression of this fusion oncogene also results in the development of myeloid leukemia, it is with long latency. To identify mutations that cooperate with Mll-AF9, we infected neonatal wild-type (WT) or Mll-AF9 mice with a murine leukemia virus (MuLV). MuLV-infected Mll-AF9 mice succumbed to disease significantly faster than controls presenting predominantly with myeloid leukemia while infected WT animals developed predominantly lymphoid leukemia. We identified 88 candidate cancer genes near common sites of proviral insertion. Analysis of transcript levels revealed significantly elevated expression of Mn1, and a trend toward increased expression of Bcl11a and Fosb in Mll-AF9 murine leukemia samples with proviral insertions proximal to these genes. Accordingly, FOSB and BCL11A were also overexpressed in human AML harboring MLL gene translocations. FOSB was revealed to be essential for growth in mouse and human myeloid leukemia cells using shRNA lentiviral vectors in vitro. Importantly, MN1 cooperated with Mll-AF9 in leukemogenesis in an in vivo BM viral transduction and transplantation assay. Together, our data identified genes that define transcription factor networks and important genetic pathways acting during progression of leukemia induced by MLL fusion oncogenes. (Blood. 2012; 119(19): 4512-4523