Analysis and test of the central-blue-spot infall hallmark

The infall of material onto a protostar, in the case of optically thick line emission, produces an asymmetry in the blue- and red-wing line emission. For an angularly resolved emission, this translates in a blue central spot in the first-order moment (intensity weighted velocity) map. An analytical expression for the first-order moment intensity as a function of the projected distance was derived, for the cases of infinite and finite infall radius. The effect of a finite angular resolution, which requires the numerical convolution with the beam, was also studied. This method was applied to existing data of several star-forming regions, namely G31.41+0.31 HMC, B335, and LDN 1287, obtaining good fits to the first-order moment intensity maps, and deriving values of the central masses onto which the infall is taking place (G31.41+0.31 HMC: 70-120 $M_\odot$; B335: 0.1 $M_\odot$; Guitar Core of LDN 1287: 4.8 $M_\odot$). The central-blue-spot infall hallmark appears to be a robust and reliable indicator of infall.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&

Nurses’ knowledge of the management of diabetic patients at Juba Teaching Hospital

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycaemia and is a major health problem. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that there were 425 million people with diabetes in the world in 2017 with the number rising most rapidly in middle- and low-income countries. The prevalence of DM in Juba City in 2017 was reported to be 11.8%.Objective: To assess nurses’ knowledge of the management of diabetic patients and factors associated with it in Juba Teaching Hospital - the only referral hospital in South Sudan.Method: This was descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out in March 2018, in which 40 nurses were randomly selected. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 20 for Windows software.Results: Of the 40 participants 31(77.5%) were females. The mean age was 35.6±10.7 years and median work experience was 9 years and 10 months; overall 57.6% of the participants correctly answered the questions on diabetic care. The factors cited for poor management of diabetic patients included lack of hospital guidelines (47.5%), insufficient salary to motivate staff (77.5%), inadequate nurse to patient ratio for good patient care (60.0%), and no resources for special training (57.5%).Conclusion: Many nurses in JTH have inadequate knowledge for diabetic management and most are interested in receiving more training.Keywords: Nurse, knowledge, management of diabetes, South Suda

Bioinspired snapping-claw apparatus to study hydrodynamic cavitation effects on the corrosion of metallic samples

A creative low-cost and compact mechanical device that mimics the rapid closure of the pistol shrimp claw was used to conduct electrochemical experiments, in order to study the effects of hydrodynamic cavitation on the corrosion of aluminum and steel samples. Current-time curves show significant changes associated with local variations in dissolved O2 concentration, cavitation-induced erosion and changes in the nature of the surface corrosion products

Perbandingan Pengaruh Latihan Menggiring Bola Antar Bidang dengan Latihan Lomba Slalom Menggiring Bola terhadap Keterampilan Menggiring Bola dalam Permainan Sepak Bola pada Ssb Junior Pekanbaru

, Form reseath was conducted to determine whether there is influence between the dribble exercise field with a slalom race on dribbling skills on SSB Junior Pekanbaru. reseath residents are athletes SSB Junior Pekanbaru. Athletes in this reseath is 18 people. Instrument in this research aims to improve the skills of dribbling. Then the data is processed with statistics, normality test with Liliefors test at a significant level α = 0.05. Based on the analysis of the initial test data, then the effects of exercise across the field to dribble dribbling skills on SSB Junior Pekanbaru show the results as follows: a score of 19.54 seconds the fastest and slowest score was 23.5 seconds, with an average of 21.004. And a standard deviation of 1.161. Based on the frequency distribution table Rabel 1 of 9 samples turned out to be as much as 2 people (22.22%) with the interval from 19.54 to 20.44 range. Then 4 people (44.44%) with the interval ranges from 20.45 to 21.35, while one person (11.11%) with the interval ranges from 22.27 to 23.17. Of calculation has been done shows that the practice dribbling between the field and practice dribbling slalom race together showed an increase in the skills of dribbling, this means that the profits after menggring exercises and drills the ball across the field of competition slalom dribble that as the increase dribbling skills

El cobre como aditivo en dietas para cerdos altas en fibras o en melaza

Para estudiar el efecto de promoción del crecimiento por el cobre (Cu de CuSO45.H20, 1kg/t), ante el uso de niveles altos de fibra o de melaza se realizaron cuatro experimentos involucrados 142 cerdos en crecimiento-finalización

Imaging the Inner and Outer Gaps of the Pre-Transitional Disk of HD 169142 at 7 mm

We present Very Large Array observations at 7 mm that trace the thermal emission of large dust grains in the HD 169142 protoplanetary disk. Our images show a ring of enhanced emission of radius ~25-30 AU, whose inner region is devoid of detectable 7 mm emission. We interpret this ring as tracing the rim of an inner cavity or gap, possibly created by a planet or a substellar companion. The ring appears asymmetric, with the western part significantly brighter than the eastern one. This azimuthal asymmetry is reminiscent of the lopsided structures that are expected to be produced as a consequence of trapping of large dust grains. Our observations also reveal an outer annular gap at radii from ~40 to ~70 AU. Unlike other sources, the radii of the inner cavity, the ring, and the outer gap observed in the 7 mm images, which trace preferentially the distribution of large (mm/cm sized) dust grains, coincide with those obtained from a previous near-infrared polarimetric image, which traces scattered light from small (micron- sized) dust grains. We model the broad-band spectral energy distribution and the 7 mm images to constrain the disk physical structure. From this modeling we infer the presence of a small (radius ~0.6 AU) residual disk inside the central cavity, indicating that the HD 169142 disk is a pre-transitional disk. The distribution of dust in three annuli with gaps in between them suggests that the disk in HD 169142 is being disrupted by at least two planets or substellar objects.Comment: Accepted by ApJ Letters, 16 pages, 3 figures, ApJ Letters 201

Cryptic Diversity in Paramecium multimicronucleatum Revealed with a Polyphasic Approach

Paramecium (Ciliophora) systematics is well studied, and about twenty morphological species have been described. The morphological species may include several genetic species. How-ever, molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the species diversity within Paramecium could be even higher and has raised a problem of cryptic species whose statuses remain uncertain. In the present study, we provide the morphological and molecular characterization of two novel Paramecium species. While Paramecium lynni n. sp., although morphologically similar to P. multimicronucleatum, is phylogenetically well separated from all other Paramecium species, Paramecium fokini n. sp. appears to be a cryptic sister species to P. multimicronucleatum. The latter two species can be distinguished only by molecular methods. The number and structure of micronuclei, traditionally utilized to discriminate species in Paramecium, vary not only between but also within each of the three studied species and, thus, cannot be considered a reliable feature for species identification. The geographic distribution of the P. multimicronucleatum and P. fokini n. sp. strains do not show defined patterns, still leaving space for a role of the geographic factor in initial speciation in Paramecium. Future findings of new Paramecium species can be predicted from the molecular data, while morphological characteristics appear to be unstable and overlapping at least in some species

Strong Lensing Analysis of A1689 from Deep Advanced Camera Images

We analyse deep multi-colour Advanced Camera images of the largest known gravitational lens, A1689. Radial and tangential arcs delineate the critical curves in unprecedented detail and many small counter-images are found near the center of mass. We construct a flexible light deflection field to predict the appearance and positions of counter-images. The model is refined as new counter-images are identified and incorporated to improve the model, yielding a total of 106 images of 30 multiply lensed background galaxies, spanning a wide redshift range, 1.0$<$z$<$5.5. The resulting mass map is more circular in projection than the clumpy distribution of cluster galaxies and the light is more concentrated than the mass within $r<50kpc/h$. The projected mass profile flattens steadily towards the center with a shallow mean slope of $d\log\Sigma/d\log r \simeq -0.55\pm0.1$, over the observed range, r$<250kpc/h$, matching well an NFW profile, but with a relatively high concentration, $C_{vir}=8.2^{+2.1}_{-1.8}$. A softened isothermal profile ($r_{core}=20\pm2$\arcs) is not conclusively excluded, illustrating that lensing constrains only projected quantities. Regarding cosmology, we clearly detect the purely geometric increase of bend-angles with redshift. The dependence on the cosmological parameters is weak due to the proximity of A1689, $z=0.18$, constraining the locus, $\Omega_M+\Omega_{\Lambda} \leq 1.2$. This consistency with standard cosmology provides independent support for our model, because the redshift information is not required to derive an accurate mass map. Similarly, the relative fluxes of the multiple images are reproduced well by our best fitting lens model.Comment: Accepted by ApJ. For high quality figures see http://wise-obs.tau.ac.il/~kerens/A168