Onset of word form recognition in English, Welsh, and English-Welsh bilingual infants

Children raised in the home as English or Welsh monolinguals or English–Welsh bilinguals were tested on untrained word form recognition using both behavioral and neurophysiological procedures. Behavioral measures confirmed the onset of a familiarity effect at 11 months in English but failed to identify it in monolingual Welsh infants between 9 and 12 months. In the neurophysiological procedure the familiarity effect was detected as early as 10 months in English but did not reach significance in monolingual Welsh. Bilingual children showed word form familiarity effects by 11 months in both languages and also revealed an online time course for word recognition that combined effects found for monolingual English and Welsh. To account for the findings, accentual, grammatical, and sociolinguistic differences between English and Welsh are considered

"Dessine-moi un parent": le soutien à la parentalité dans le cadre de l’aide contrainte

Le présent travail traite de la relation et de la collaboration entre éducateurs et éducatrices du service AEMO (Action Educative en Milieu Ouvert) et parents, dans le cadre de l’aide contrainte. Dans la première partie, intitulée "cadre théorique", nous développons différents concepts que nous avons jugés pertinents pour travailler notre question de recherche: la famille, la parentalité et le soutien à la parentalité, mais aussi la contrainte, le partenariat, le pouvoir et la négociation. Cette question de recherche, fil conducteur de notre travail, est la suivante : « Quels sont les enjeux et les difficultés liés à l’élaboration d’un projet entre professionnel.le.s et parents, dans le cadre de l’aide contrainte ?

Rural vs Urban Crossed Approaches: School and Territory Representations of Pupils at the End of Primary Education. Case Study of Drôme, France

Learning, trajectories and social representations of pupils at the end of primary school (CM2) have often been the object of territorial analysis, both rural and urban. But, so far, few comparative studies have picked up on this subject. This is what began here: after twice characterizing the education of rural students in CM2 (in 2000 and 2012, in the context of longitudinal studies), in 2014 the Ardèche and Drôme researchers of the Observatory of Education and Territories (OET) proceeded to «survey» CM2 students from three schools-one in a «small town» (Privas), a downtown one in a «big city» (Valencia) and one in a «difficult neighbourhood» in a big city (Valencia once again)-in an attempt to explore and map out the future research that started in the spring of 2015. The very first «results» are presented in this article, which focuses on an ongoing experiment in the field of «educational planning» («didactique du territoire»)

Baseline Assessment and Early Effects of a Network of Marine Protected Areas

Marine protected areas (MPAs) can be a useful tool to manage coastal ecosystems, delivering both social and ecological outcomes. However, in many instances, relevant data is missing to conduct proper impact assessments, which is key to identifying ecological and social synergies and potential trade-offs, and to adapting management according to local objectives. The ecological effects of an MPA established in Palawan, Philippines, in 2016, were assessed. The most common species targeted by fisheries were identified by local fishers. Species size and number were collected through underwater visual census with n = 288 belt transects assigned in different sites and locations to ensure to provide both protected and control (fished) sites for the MPA assessment, and baseline data for three new MPAs that were created in 2022. 91 coral-reef fish species belonging to 12 families were recorded. Mixed effect linear regression was used to compare target fish populations in protected and control sites. Compared to control locations, 5 years after its implementation, the MPA showed significantly higher species richness, abundance, mean size, and biomass while no significant difference was found on the average trophic level between MPA and control sites. Monitoring the early effects of an MPA and collecting baseline data prior the implementation of an MPA network is key for adaptive management. © 2024 The Authors. Conservation Science and Practice published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology

Non Invasive Sensors for Monitoring the Efficiency of AC Electrical Rotating Machines

This paper presents a non invasive method for estimating the energy efficiency of induction motors used in industrial applications. This method is innovative because it is only based on the measurement of the external field emitted by the motor. The paper describes the sensors used, how they should be placed around the machine in order to decouple the external field components generated by both the air gap flux and the winding end-windings. The study emphasizes the influence of the eddy currents flowing in the yoke frame on the sensor position. A method to estimate the torque from the external field use is proposed. The measurements are transmitted by a wireless module (Zig-Bee) and they are centralized and stored on a PC computer

Investigating chromosomal instability in long-term survivors with glioblastoma and grade 4 astrocytoma

Background Only a small group of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) survives more than 36 months, so-called long-term survivors. Recent studies have shown that chromosomal instability (CIN) plays a prognostic and predictive role among different cancer types. Here, we compared histological (chromosome missegregation) and bioinformatic metrics (CIN signatures) of CIN in tumors of GBM typical survivors (<= 36 months overall survival), GBM long-term survivors and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant grade 4 astrocytomas.Methods Tumor sections of all gliomas were examined for anaphases and chromosome missegregation. Further CIN signature activity analysis in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-GBM cohort was performed.Results Our data show that chromosome missegregation is pervasive in high grade gliomas and is not different between the 3 groups. We find only limited evidence of altered CIN levels in tumors of GBM long-term survivors relative to the other groups, since a significant depletion in CIN signature 11 relative to GBM typical survivors was the only alteration detected. In contrast, within IDH-mutant grade 4 astrocytomas we detected a significant enrichment of CIN signature 5 and 10 activities and a depletion of CIN signature 1 activity relative to tumors of GBM typical survivors.Conclusions Our data suggest that CIN is pervasive in high grade gliomas, however this is unlikely to be a major contributor to the phenomenon of long-term survivorship in GBM. Nevertheless, further evaluation of specific types of CIN (signatures) could have prognostic value in patients suffering from grade 4 gliomas

Investigating chromosomal instability in long-term survivors with glioblastoma and grade 4 astrocytoma

Background Only a small group of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) survives more than 36 months, so-called long-term survivors. Recent studies have shown that chromosomal instability (CIN) plays a prognostic and predictive role among different cancer types. Here, we compared histological (chromosome missegregation) and bioinformatic metrics (CIN signatures) of CIN in tumors of GBM typical survivors (<= 36 months overall survival), GBM long-term survivors and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant grade 4 astrocytomas.Methods Tumor sections of all gliomas were examined for anaphases and chromosome missegregation. Further CIN signature activity analysis in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-GBM cohort was performed.Results Our data show that chromosome missegregation is pervasive in high grade gliomas and is not different between the 3 groups. We find only limited evidence of altered CIN levels in tumors of GBM long-term survivors relative to the other groups, since a significant depletion in CIN signature 11 relative to GBM typical survivors was the only alteration detected. In contrast, within IDH-mutant grade 4 astrocytomas we detected a significant enrichment of CIN signature 5 and 10 activities and a depletion of CIN signature 1 activity relative to tumors of GBM typical survivors.Conclusions Our data suggest that CIN is pervasive in high grade gliomas, however this is unlikely to be a major contributor to the phenomenon of long-term survivorship in GBM. Nevertheless, further evaluation of specific types of CIN (signatures) could have prognostic value in patients suffering from grade 4 gliomas